果实可溶性糖的积累模式及其调控研究进展

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-1264

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

可溶性糖在果实中的种类及比例有所差异，这种差异主要受果实中糖的代谢贮运调控。重点综述果实糖代谢途径，不同果实可溶性糖积累类型包括直接积累型、淀粉转化型、中间积累型，以及果实糖含量主要调控因子包括遗传和环境等方面的研究进展，以期对未来果实品质改良和通过分子辅助育种手段选育高糖含量的果树新品种、新种质以及提质增效栽培研发有所借鉴。

关键词: 果实, 糖, 积累类型, 调控

Abstract:

Sugar is one of the core substances of fruit quality，the content and composition of soluble sugar are the key factors affecting the edible quality of fruit，especially the fruit sweetness and flavor. The types and proportions of soluble sugars in fruit are different，which mainly controlled by sugar metabolic pathways and transportation. This paper focuses on the sugar metabolism pathways，regulation characteristics and main regulating factors of sugar concentration based on different fruit soluble accumulation patterns，which has important guiding significance for fruit quality improvement，breeding varities of sugar abundant fruit by the pathway of molecular assistant breeding and the research of cultivation with the advantages of quality developed and efficiency enhanced.

Key words: fruit, sugar, accumulation pattern, regulation

中图分类号:

田晓成, 祝令成, 邹晖, 李白云, 马锋旺, 李明军. 果实可溶性糖的积累模式及其调控研究进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(4): 885-895.

TIAN Xiaocheng, ZHU Lingcheng, ZOU Hui, LI Baiyun, MA Fengwang, LI Mingjun. Research Progress on Accumulation Pattern and Regulation of Soluble Sugar in Fruit[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(4): 885-895.

图/表 1

参考文献 69

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积累类型Types of sugar accumulation	积累形式 Forms of sugar accumulation in fruit	代表植物Delegate	积累特点 Characteristics of sugar accumulation
直接积累型（多为非呼吸跃变型） Direct sugar accumulation type（mostly non-climacteric）	生长发育早期少量积累淀粉；其他时期积累可溶性糖 In the early stage of fruit growth and development：a small amount of starch accumulates；the rest of the period：accumulation in the form of soluble sugar	柑橘；葡萄；草莓 Citrus reticulata； Vitis vinifera； Fragaria ananassa	淀粉合成能力弱，葡萄糖和果糖主要来源于蔗糖的裂解，相关酶有CWINV、INV、AINV、SUSY The starch synthesis ability is weak，the accumulation of glucose and fructose mainly comes from the cleavage of sucrose，and the related enzymes are CWINV，INV，AINV，SUSY
淀粉转化型（多为呼吸跃变型） Starch invert（mostly climacteric	生长发育和成熟期积累淀粉；采后淀粉转化可溶性糖积累 Fruit growth and maturity：starch；postharvest：starch conversion to soluble sugar accumulation	猕猴桃；杧果；香蕉 Actinidia deliciosa； Mangifera indica； Musa acuminata	可溶性糖积累受乙烯诱导 The accumulation of soluble sugar in fruit was induced by ethylene
“淀粉—糖”中间积累型（多为蔷薇科呼吸跃变型）“Starch-sugar”intermediate accumulation type；mostly Rosaceae fruit trees，and mostly climacteric type	生长发育早期积累淀粉；后期可溶性糖直接积累或淀粉转化可溶性糖积累 Starch accumulation in the early stage of growth and development；direct accumulation of soluble sugars or accumulation of soluble sugars from starch conversion in the later stage	苹果；桃；李；山楂；梨 Malus domestica； Amygdalus persica； Prunus spp.； Crataegus pinnatifida； Pyrus spp.	韧皮部汁液中主要为山梨醇，其次是蔗糖。山梨醇在果实中卸载后被SDH催化生成果糖或葡萄糖；多数果树为己糖高度积累型 Sorbitol was the main component in phloem sap，followed by sucrose. Sorbitol was catalyzed to fructose or glucose by SDH after unloading in fruit. Most fruit trees are highly hexose accumulated

积累类型Types of sugar accumulation	积累形式 Forms of sugar accumulation in fruit	代表植物Delegate	积累特点 Characteristics of sugar accumulation
直接积累型（多为非呼吸跃变型） Direct sugar accumulation type（mostly non-climacteric）	生长发育早期少量积累淀粉；其他时期积累可溶性糖 In the early stage of fruit growth and development：a small amount of starch accumulates；the rest of the period：accumulation in the form of soluble sugar	柑橘；葡萄；草莓 Citrus reticulata； Vitis vinifera； Fragaria ananassa	淀粉合成能力弱，葡萄糖和果糖主要来源于蔗糖的裂解，相关酶有CWINV、INV、AINV、SUSY The starch synthesis ability is weak，the accumulation of glucose and fructose mainly comes from the cleavage of sucrose，and the related enzymes are CWINV，INV，AINV，SUSY
淀粉转化型（多为呼吸跃变型） Starch invert（mostly climacteric	生长发育和成熟期积累淀粉；采后淀粉转化可溶性糖积累 Fruit growth and maturity：starch；postharvest：starch conversion to soluble sugar accumulation	猕猴桃；杧果；香蕉 Actinidia deliciosa； Mangifera indica； Musa acuminata	可溶性糖积累受乙烯诱导 The accumulation of soluble sugar in fruit was induced by ethylene
“淀粉—糖”中间积累型（多为蔷薇科呼吸跃变型）“Starch-sugar”intermediate accumulation type；mostly Rosaceae fruit trees，and mostly climacteric type	生长发育早期积累淀粉；后期可溶性糖直接积累或淀粉转化可溶性糖积累 Starch accumulation in the early stage of growth and development；direct accumulation of soluble sugars or accumulation of soluble sugars from starch conversion in the later stage	苹果；桃；李；山楂；梨 Malus domestica； Amygdalus persica； Prunus spp.； Crataegus pinnatifida； Pyrus spp.	韧皮部汁液中主要为山梨醇，其次是蔗糖。山梨醇在果实中卸载后被SDH催化生成果糖或葡萄糖；多数果树为己糖高度积累型 Sorbitol was the main component in phloem sap，followed by sucrose. Sorbitol was catalyzed to fructose or glucose by SDH after unloading in fruit. Most fruit trees are highly hexose accumulated