MYC2转录因子在植物中的功能研究进展

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0102

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

MYC2（Myelocytomatosis proteins 2）是一类bHLH家族转录因子，是JA信号途径中的主要调控因子。MYC2通过转录调控下游目标基因的转录和表达，参与植物逆境防御、生长发育及次生代谢等进程。MYC3/4作为JA信号的次级调控因子可与MYC2协同作用。目前对MYC2的功能研究较为深入和广泛。本文综述了MYC2的结构特征及其在植物激素信号传导、逆境防御、生长发育和次生代谢中的调控机制，为进一步深入探讨MYC2的分子功能提供理论基础。

关键词: MYC2转录因子, 信号传导, 逆境响应, 生长发育, 次生代谢

Abstract:

MYC2（Myelocytomatosis proteins 2），a transcription factor in the bHLH family，is the main regulator in JA signaling. MYC2 participates in life activities such as stress defense，growth and development，and secondary metabolism by regulating the transcription and expression of downstream target genes. As a secondary regulator of JA signaling，MYC3/4 can cooperate with MYC2. At present，the functional mechanism of MYC2 has been studied deeply and extensively. This paper summarizes the structural characteristics of MYC2 and its regulatory mechanisms in plant hormone signaling，stress defense，growth and development，and secondary metabolism，providing a theoretical basis for further investigation molecular functions of MYC2.

Key words: MYC2 transcription factor, signal transduction, adverse stress, growth and development, secondary metabolism

中图分类号:

郑嘉瑞, 杨晓燕, 叶家保, 廖咏玲, 许锋. MYC2转录因子在植物中的功能研究进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(4): 896-908.

ZHENG Jiarui, YANG Xiaoyan, YE Jiabao, LIAO Yongling, XU Feng. Advances in the Functional Studies of MYC2 Transcription Factor in Plants[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(4): 896-908.

图/表 5

图1 MYC2在不同物种间系统发育关系

Fig. 1 Phylogenetic relationships of MYC2 among different species

图2 MYC2参与植物激素合成及信号传导网络图 PRP39a/40a：mRNA剪切因子；MED25：转录中介体亚基；CUL3BPM：利用Cullin3和BPM蛋白作为底物衔接子的E3泛素连接酶；UBP12/13：去泛素化酶；EDS5：病原体诱导水杨酸合成因子；PAD4：诱导SA积累的因子；DELLA：DELLA蛋白；JAM：JA-ASSOCIATED MYC2-LIKE转录因子；JAZ：Jasmonate-ZIM domain蛋白；MTB：MYC2-TARGETED BHLH转录因子。

Fig. 2 The network of MYC2 involved in plant hormone synthesis and signal transduction PRP39a/40a：PRE-mRNA-Processing Protein 39a/40a；MED25：Mediator Complex Subunit 25；CUL3BPM： Cullin 3，BPM，BTB/POZ-MATH；UBP12/13：Ubiquttin-specific protease 12/13；EDS5：Enhanced disease susceptibility 5；PAD4：Phytoalexin deficient 4；DELLA：DELLA protein；JAM：JA-ASSOCIATED MYC2-LIKE transcription factor；JAZ：Jasmonate-ZIM domain protein；MTB：MYC2-TARGETED BHLH transcription factor.

图3 MYC2参与植物生物和非生物胁迫调控网络图 At：拟南芥；Ma：小果野蕉；Ptr：枳；Sl：番茄；Ca：辣椒；Os：水稻。COR：番茄丁香假单胞菌产生的与JA-Ile（JA-isoleucine）结构相似的植物毒素；SL：独脚金内酯；PDF：植物防御因子；PI：蛋白抑制酶；NAC：NAC转录因子；VSP：创伤诱导基因；ICE：诱导CBF基因表达因子；BADH：甜菜碱醛脱氢酶；CAT：过氧化氢酶；NSs：番茄斑萎病毒的非结构蛋白；TPS：萜烯合酶；TD：苏氨酸脱氨酶；P1BS：顺式元件基序；SPX：SPX蛋白。

Fig. 3 The network of MYC2 involved in biotic and abiotic stress in plants At：Arabidopsis thaliana；Ma：Musa acuminata；Ptr：Poncirus trifoliata；Sl：Solanum lycopersicum；Ca：Capsicum annuum；Os：Oryza sativa. COR：Coronatine；PDF：Plant defense factor；PI：Proteinase inhibitor；NAC：NAC transcription factor；VSP：Vegetative storage protein；ICE：Inducer of CBF（C-repeat-binging factors）expression；BADH：Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase；CAT：Catalase；NSs：Non-structural protein of tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus（TSWV）；TPS：Terpene synthase；TD：Threonine deaminase；P1BS：Program in biomedical sciences；SPX：SPX protein.

图4 MYC2参与植物次生代谢调控网络图 At：拟南芥；Na：渐狭叶烟草；As：沉香；Md：苹果；Tc：红豆杉；Tw：雷公藤；Nt：烟草；Sm：丹参；Cr：长春花；Fh：小苍兰。ASS：倍半萜烯合酶；PMT：腐胺甲基转移酶；RMT1：MYC2靶标阻遏物；BIS：调节萜类吲哚生物碱合成的bHLH基因；MIA：单萜吲哚生物碱。

Fig. 4 MYC2 participates in the regulation network of plant secondary metabolism At：Arabidopsis thaliana；Na：Nicotiana attenuata；As：Aquilaria sinensis；Md：Malus × domestica；Tc：Taxus chinensis；Tw：Tripterygium wilfordii；Nt：Nicotiana tabacum；Sm：Salvia miltiorrhiza；Cr：Catharanthus roseus；Fh：Freesia hybrida.ASS：Sesquiterpene synthase；PMT：Putrescine N-methyltransferase；RMT1：Repressor of MYC2 targets 1；BIS：bHLH iridoid synthesis；MIA：Monoterpene indole alkaloid.

图5 MYC2参与植物生长发育调控网络图 Md：苹果；At：拟南芥；Le：番茄。MPK：丝裂原活化蛋白激酶；HY5：调控光形态建成的转录因子；ERF：ERF转录因子；FAMA：FAMA transcription factors；BT：BT蛋白；USR：含U-box结构域的衰老相关基因；SAG：衰老相关基因；SPCH：异源二聚体转录因子SPEECHLESS。

Fig. 5 MYC2 participates in the regulation network of plant growth and development Md：Malus × domestica；At：Arabidopsis thaliana；Le：Lycopersicon esculentum.MPK：Mitogen-activated protein kinase；HY5：Hypocotyl 5；USR：U-box senescence related；SAG：Senescence-associated gene；SPCH：SPEECHLESS.

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