研究论文

• Natural Geographical Distribution of Genus Eriobotrya Plants in China
• Lin Shunquan;Yang Xianghui;Liu Chengming;Hu Youli;He Yehua;Hu Guibing;Zhang Hailan;He Xiaolong;Liu Yuexue;Liu Zongli
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 569-573.
• Abstract ( 1544 ) HTML ( 1850 ) PDF (104KB) ( 1850 ) 　　　
• Based on referring to a great deal of literatures , checking more than nine hundreds of specimen, especially field surveying with wide range of eight provinces ( Yunnan , Guangxi , Guangdong ,Sichuan , Hunan , Fujian , Hainan and Taiwan) , natural geographical dist ribution of 21 taxa of wild Eriobot rya plant s was investigated , and characteristics of dist ribution were analyzed. Finally , utilization as stock , resource conservation and for study on their origin and evolution of the genus were discussed.
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• Assimilates Distribution in Young Peach Plants during Water Stress and afterRemoving Water Stress
• Chai Chenglin;Li Shaohua;Xu Yingchun;Song Wonseob
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 574-578.
• Abstract ( 1589 ) HTML ( 1128 ) PDF (133KB) ( 1128 ) 　　　
• Young peach plant s ( Prunus persica L. ) grown in pot s were studied to assess the effects of water stress on the distribution of assimilates among the organs during and after water stress by feeding leaves with ¹⁴CO₂ . Water st ress significantly inhibited the export of assimilates f rom the labeled leaves , and it s‘after effect’still existed after water st ress was removed. The dist ribution coefficient of ¹⁴C-assimilates ( K) of ¹⁴C-labeled shoot segment , shoot segment below ¹⁴C-labeled shoot segment increased during water
  stress and remained the similar level even after removing water stress. During water stress , the K values and relative ¹⁴C-assimilate distribution (R) of young leaves and apex remarkably decreased while those of root stock phloem and fine roots significantly increased. After water stress was removed , the Kand R values were partly recovered in young leaves and apex , and they decreased to the cont rol level in root stock phloem.However the K and R values kept a same high level in fine root s after water st ress was removed as the water stressed plants. Moreover , the role of assimilate distribution on the organ growth response under water stress is discussed in this paper.
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• The Relationship between Changes of Cell Wall Components, ectin-degradingEnzyme Activity and Texture of Postharvest Pear Fruit
• Liu J ianfeng;Cheng Yunqing;Peng Shupang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 579-583.
• Abstract ( 1784 ) HTML ( 1995 ) PDF (178KB) ( 1995 ) 　　　
• ‘Huanghua’and ‘Xiangnan’pears were used as materials to understand changes of cell wall components , calcium content , fruit firmness and activity of pectin-degrading enzyme in relation to their texture. The results show that changing trends of the above change of two cultivars were similar , but some differences exist , 1) Compared with‘Xiangnan’, content of cellulose , proto pectin and fruit firmness of‘Huanghua’being poor storeability was lower , while content of calcium , water-soluble pectin was higher ; 2) Content and synthetic rate of lignin in flesh of ‘Huanghua’pear was higher ; 3)Polygalacturonase (PG) activity of ‘Huanghua’was significantly higher than that of ‘Xiangnan’during early storage , but there was little difference in PGactivity at late storage stage. However , pectinmethylesterase (PME) activity of‘Huanghua’was significantly higher than that of ‘Xiangnan’.
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研究简讯

• Analysis of Aroma Components of Granoir Dry Red Wine
• Wang Hua;Wang Zhenqiang;Liu Laping;Zhang Li
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 583-583.
• Abstract ( 1525 ) HTML ( 1023 ) PDF (123KB) ( 1023 ) 　　　
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研究论文

• Status quo of Ponkan ( Citrus reticulata Blanco) Fruit Quality and QualityComparison between Several Production Areas in China
• Liu Yongzhong;Ma Xiangtao;Zhang Hongyan;Peng Shupang;Deng Xiuxin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 584-588.
• Abstract ( 1636 ) HTML ( 1280 ) PDF (278KB) ( 1280 ) 　　　
• The internal quality and external appearance of 67 Ponkan ( Citrus reticulata Blanco) fruit samples from main production areas of 9 provinces or municipality in 2001 and 2002 were analyzed. The results showed that the percentage of large (180.60 g ±9.98 g) , medium (151.24 g ±7.48 g) and small (122.51 g ±141.1 g) f ruits is 42.9 % , 44.9 % and 12.2 % respectively ; the average Brix of total samples is 12.5 % ±1.1 % and the Brix of some samples collected from Rong county of Sichuan , Pinghe county of Fujian , Songzi county of Hubei , etc. is less than 11.5 %; the percentage of high (0.95 % ±0.10 %) ,medium (0.69 % ±0.07 %) and low (0.49 % ±0.07 %) acidity is 22.4 %、34.7 %and 42.9 % respectively. However , fruits from different production areas did not show significantly difference in peel color, Brix and vitamin C content . The fruit size from middle-southern Fujian province is nearly the same as that from southwest area of Sichuan province, but is significantly larger than those from areas of northern Fujian and Xuzhou , Lishui county of Zhejiang province , and western Hunan or western Hubei areas. There is no difference in acidity content between middle-southern Fujian and southwest Sichuan ; both areas have lower acidity content than the other two areas. Additionally , the fruit from southwest area of Sichuan is significantly higher in the ratio of Brix/ acid , and lower percentage of edible part than those f rom the rest three areas.
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• Dodecaploid Plantlets Regenerated from Endosperm Culture of ‘Luotiantianshi’Persimmon
• Chen Xuzhong;Luo Zhengrong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 589-592.
• Abstract ( 1600 ) HTML ( 1040 ) PDF (218KB) ( 1040 ) 　　　
• Endosperms of‘Luotiantianshi’persimmon ( Diospyros kaki Thunb. ) were cultured with after different auxin and cytokinin concent ration combination open pollination 70 days. Result s showed that the 1/ 2MS (1/ 2N) medium contained 2,4-D 1.0 mg/ L + ZT 1.1 mg/ L + CH 1000 mg/ L was better for
  inducing callus to from regenerated plantlets , Stomatal characteristics、flow cytometric analysis and chromosome counting proved dodecaploid (2n=12x= 180) presence in those regenerated plantlets. The regenerated dodecaploid plants could be used as parental material in breeding program.
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• Construction and Analysis of Peach Genetic Map
• Wu Jun;Shu Huairui;Zhang Kaichun;Jiang Lijie;Zhou Xiaohang;Xin Cuihua
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 593-597.
• Abstract ( 1526 ) HTML ( 1287 ) PDF (241KB) ( 1287 ) 　　　
• A linkage map of peach was const ructed with AFL P , SSR and RAPD markers in 109 F₂population derived f rom the cross of ‘Okubo’and‘Xingjin’nectarine. The selected primers including 36 AFLP , 3SSR and 2RAPD with rich polymorphism and steady bands were tested in progeny. 136 markers
  were scored , of which 27 markers were skewed segregation by X² test . Mapmaker were used to assigned the expected segregation markers to 11 linkage groups , the number of loci mapped in the 11 linkage group
  was 3 - 21 and there was 8.73 (average value) loci per group. Whole length of linkage map was 1061.8 cM , The average length of 11 groups was 96.5 cM , and average interval between markers was 11.0 cM.
  RAPD markers linked to G/ g , Y/ y and AFL P markers linked to D/ d gene were located in group 3 、group
  7 and group 9 respectively.
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• Studies on Changes of Field - Vegetable Ecosystem under Long-term FixedFertilizer Experiment( Ⅳ) Changes of Field - Vegetable Ecosystem
• Ge Xiaoguang;Gao Hui;Zhang Enping;Wang Xiaoxue;Zhang Xin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 598-602.
• Abstract ( 1635 ) HTML ( 1349 ) PDF (109KB) ( 1349 ) 　　　
• Apparent bacauce of input and output of NPKobtained f rom protected tomato in 2002 coincided with the real nut rient increase or loss between the starting point under protected condition and practical nut rient content 1415 years later. The former showed the t rend of nut rient system changes , while the latter was the actual status of nut rient increase or loss. The nut rient increase or loss was mainly determined by the application of organic manure and nut rient supply. Soil fertilities and yields and other parameters of five typical t reatment sreflected the actual changes of each system , and the ANK treatment turned out to be the best system in our long-term fertilization trial. The application of organic manure , combination of chemical fertilizer and soil-testing fertilization method were discussed on the base of summarizing the long-term of fertilization trial.
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• Photosynthetic Characteristics , Dry Matter Distribution Pattern and Their Effects on Eggplant Yield in Different Canopy Structures
• Yang Guodong;Zhou Baoli;Fu Yawen;Zhang Enping;Li Mo
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 603-606.
• Abstract ( 1618 ) HTML ( 1024 ) PDF (320KB) ( 1024 ) 　　　
• The photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter distribution pattern were studied with gafted eggplant in three plant densities (41000 plants ·hm^-2 , 48000 plants ·hm^-2 and 55000 plants·hm- 2) and two training methods (natural training and double - stem training) in greenhouse. The results indicated that photosynthetic rate was higher and dry matter was distributed evenly at different canopy levels with double - stem training. Vigorous root growth was also found in this treatment .All these resulted in higher yield of eggplant . There lied significant positive correlation between eggplant yield and functional leaves at middle and lower canopy levels. The lower plant density , the higher water use efficiency and Transpiration rate. Higher photosynthetic rate together with lower respiration rate contributed to higher yield.
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• Simulation of Diurnal Variation of Weather Factors and Photosynthesis of Individual Tomato Leaves in Greenhouse
• Luo Xinlan;Li Tianlai;Yao Yunsheng;Liu Ziying;Gao Liping
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 607-612.
• Abstract ( 1609 ) HTML ( 1519 ) PDF (252KB) ( 1519 ) 　　　
• The diurnal variation models of photosynthetically active radiation ( PAR) , air temperature ,CO² concent ration and leaf photosynthesis of tomato in greenhouse was developed under three conditions , fine day and no ventilation , fine day and ventilation , cloudy day and no ventilation in winter and spring. The simulated values were compared with the observed values , and the result s showed : ①On fine day and no ventilation , PAR , air temperature and CO₂ concent ration were well simulated , photosynthetic rate was well simulated in the morning. ②On fine day and ventilation , air temperature and CO₂ concent ration were well simulated , but the simulation of PAR did not fit well with the observed values because of the effect of the diurnal variation of radiation t ransmission coefficient of air or transmittance of film , however , photosynthetic rate was well simulated. ③On cloudy day and no ventilation , the simulation of air temperature and CO₂ concent ration
  were slightly higher than the observed values. There were some differences between the simulated and observed values of PAR , but the tendency of the simulation values of photosynthetic rate and PAR were the same. The effect of PAR on photosynthetic rate on cloudy day was verified. The research results will be helpful for developing the model of tomato growth and guiding production in greenhouse.
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• Inheritance of Bitterness in Cucumber
• Gu Xingfang;Zhang Shengping;Guo Yanmei;Xu Caiqing
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 613-616.
• Abstract ( 1831 ) HTML ( 1179 ) PDF (201KB) ( 1179 ) 　　　
• Three cucumber inbred lines with different types of bitterness (foliage and f ruit are all bitter : BiBiBtBt , only foliage is bitter : BiBibtbt , foliage and fruit are not bitter : bibibtbt) were used as materials in the experiment , the separate ratios of phenotype in their descendant s were investigated. The results showed that the gene Bi and bi which cont rolled foliage bitterness was independent of Bt and bt which cont rolled fruit bitterness. The homogeneous gene bi was recessive epistatic to the gene Bt . The fruits were also bitter when the gene Bi and bi was heterozygous even in the absence of Bt , but the extent of bitterness is lighter than that caused by the gene Bt and the proportion of bitter fruit was lower.
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• Construction of A Reference Linkage Map for Cucumber
• Zhang Haiying;Ge Fengwei;Wang Yongjian;Xu Yong;Chen Qingjun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 617-622.
• Abstract ( 1407 ) HTML ( 1709 ) PDF (384KB) ( 1709 ) 　　　
• A 234 point map of cucumber was const ructed f rom a narrow cross between Cucumis sativus L. ‘European 8’and a line from‘Qiupeng’, a cultivar of northern China open field type. The map composed 141 AFL PSs , 4 SSRs and 89 RAPDs and delineated 9 linkage groups spanned 727.5 cM with an average distance of 3.1 cM between the markers. Since there are seven pairs of chromosomes in cucumber and we delineated 9 linkage groups , the map is no fully saturated.
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• Mesophyll Protoplast Fusion of Solanum tuberosum and Solanum chacoenseand Their Somatic Hybrid Analysis
• Cai Xingkui;Liu Jun;Xie Conghua
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 623-626.
• Abstract ( 1940 ) HTML ( 1466 ) PDF (195KB) ( 1466 ) 　　　
• The protoplasts were isolated from the leaves of Solanum tuberosum clones 3 # and 8 # (2n =48) , which were derived from cv. ‘Zhongshu 2’, and dipliod species S . chacoense (2n = 24) . The PEG and electric fusion methods were employed for looking into their effect s on the protoplast fusion. The results showed that no much difference existed in the fusion efficiency between the two methods , but higher cell platingf requency and a stronger plant differentiation ability of callus were observed in elect rofusion. Among 100 plants differentiated in earlier stage , 97 showed somatic hybrids by RAPD marker detection. Further ploidy level analysis with flow cytometry demonst rated that 52.6 % were hexaploids , 14.4 %octoploids , 14.4 % amphiploids and 18.6 % mixoploids. Cytoplasm recombination of the somatic hybrids were investigated using a specific chloroplast SSR primer NTCP29 , The result s indicated that most of the hybrids contain the chloroplast from one of the fusion parents. Only 16.5 % of the hybrids combined the two parental chloroplasts.
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• Interspecif ic Relationships among the Wild Species of Paeonia Sect. MoutanDC. Based on DNA Sequences of Adh Gene Family
• Lin Qibing;Zhou Zhiqin;Zhao Xuan;Pan Kaiyu;Hong Deyuan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 627-632.
• Abstract ( 1764 ) HTML ( 1575 ) PDF (339KB) ( 1575 ) 　　　
• Five out of eight species in the Paeonia Sect . Moutan were suggested to be the wild ancestors of the cultivated tree peonies in China. Therefore , it is of great importance both in theory and practice to have a better understanding of the relationships among the species of Paeonia Sect . Moutan DC. . In this study , a portion (five exons and four introns) of the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) genes including Adh1A , Adh1B , and Adh2 of 10 accessions of wild tree peonies collected from ten wild populations representing 7 species of
  Paeonia Section Moutan were sequenced and analyzed. Using species in the Section Paeonia and Section Oneapia as outgroups , both maximum parsimony (MP) and neighbor-joining (NJ ) trees of all 8 wild species
  of Paeonia Section Moutan for each gene were const ructed with PAUP 3 (version 4.0 b 4 a) computer program based on the sequences obtained in this study and those downloaded from the Genbank. A combined analysis of Adh1A , Adh1B and Adh2 gene sequences was also carried out . Results obtained in this study indicate that eight species of Paeonia Section Moutan form two st rongly supported (bootstrap > 90 %) monophyletic clades which respond to Subsect . V aginatae and Subsect . Delavayanae of Sternps system (1946) . Within the Subsect . Vaginatae , our results support that there are close relationships between P. suffruitcosa ssp. yinpingmudan and P. ostii , P. decomposita and P. rockii , and P. jishanensis and P. qiui . However , for the general interspecific relationships among the species in P. suffuticosa complex , new pieces of evidence are still needed. Based on the gene t rees obtained in this study and results reported in previous literature , theinterspecific relationship of Paeonia Section Moutan was discussed in details
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• Carnation Flower Vase Life Prolonged by Transformation with Antisense ACCOxidase Gene
• Yu Yixun;Bao Manzhu
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 633-636.
• Abstract ( 1489 ) HTML ( 1252 ) PDF (182KB) ( 1252 ) 　　　
• Taking young leaf as explants , the carnation ( Dianthus caryophyllus L. ) cultivar‘Yellow Star’was transformed with antisense genomic DNA of ACC oxidase , the key enzyme in ethylene synthesis ,driven by the CaMV 35S promoter mediated by A grobacterium tumefacien. PCR analysis and Southern blotting detection showed that foreign gene was integrated into the carnation genome. It is demonst rated that both leaf age and the acetosyringone are effective factors that influences the differentiation fequency on selection medium. The chimera occurring rate was effectively decreased by two times regeneration of the leaf explants under selection. The transgenic plants were t ransplanted to soil and flowering normally in isolated greenhouse. The vase life of t ransgenic plant is 4 days longer than that of cont rol plants under 25 ℃.
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研究报告

• Studies on Photosythetic and Respiratory Characters of Different Leaf Positions in Grape Plantlet in Vitro
• Chen Baihong;Li Xinsheng;Cao Ziyi;Zhao Changzen;Huang Yonghong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 637-640.
• Abstract ( 1652 ) HTML ( 1262 ) PDF (197KB) ( 1262 ) 　　　
• By the way of full of the airtight system , the Pn and Rd of different positions of leaves of ‘Red Globe’grape plantlet s were determined by Combined Inf rared Gas Analysis System. The results showed that grape plantlets have a certain ability of photosynthesis. The leaves on the higher position have
  the lower value of net photosynthesis rate (Pn) but have the higher respiratory rate (Rd) . The increased concent ration of CO₂ can enhance the rate of net photosynthesis , meanwhile , rest rain respiration , and obviously , the Pn was improved due to the increasing of light intensity. With the rise of temperature , all the Rd of leaves tended to increase , but the Pn increased first and then decreased. Compensation point of CO₂ of leaves in different leaf positions increased with the temperature increasing.
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• Distribution and Effect of Sulphur and Cobalt in Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc
• He Xinhua;Chen Ligeng;Guo Changlu
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 641-643.
• Abstract ( 1590 ) HTML ( 1196 ) PDF (149KB) ( 1196 ) 　　　
• Sulphur contents of soil where three years old Myrica rubra trees were planted for one year without the application of fertilizers decreased by 37.7% indicating that there is a st ronger capability of S absorption in this plant which is mainly accumulated in leaves and root nodules. It has been observed that
  sulphur contents in leaves or root nodules is about two times as much as that of roots. That cobalt contents in root nodules and roots are 4.88 and 4.48 times as much as that of leaves respectively showed that cobalt is mainly accumulated in root nodules and root s of M. rubra. Below 30 mg CoSO₄·7H₂O per tree , sulphur or cobalt can be preferentially transported and accumulated into root nodules. Sulphur content s in root nodules and in leaves were 3.38 - 4.58 times and 2.75 - 3.72 times as much as that of roots respectively,
  Moreover sulphur contents in root nodules were 1.23 times as much as that of leaves. Similarly , when CoSO₄·7H₂O below 30 mg per tree was used , cobalt contents in root nodules were 1.39 - 1.90 and 3.53-4.55 times as much as that of roots and leaves respectively. When CoSO₄·7H₂O below 30 mg per tree was used , biomass , tree height , amount of root nodules and nit rogenase activities of M. rubra were increased remarkably and nitrogenase activities of root nodules in treatment were 8-18.35 times as much as that of control. A hypothesis is put forward that sulphur may have relation to symbiotic nitrogen fixation of Frankia and can promote formation of root nodules and nit rogen fixation.
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• Impact of Simulated Acid Rain on Permeability and Fatty Acid Composition inLeaves of Papaya Seedlings
• Huang Jianchang;Xiao Yan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 644-646.
• Abstract ( 1397 ) HTML ( 1050 ) PDF (91KB) ( 1050 ) 　　　
• Impact of simulated acid rain with various pH values (4.5 , 3.5 , 3.0 , 2.5) on leaf of papaya ( Carica papaya L. ) seedlings were studied. The results showed that permeability , MDA content ,LOX activity , leakage amount of K⁺ , Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ , and saturated fatty acid percentage in leaf increased with the decline of the pH value of simulated acid rain , unsaturated fatty acid percentage and IUFA decreased with the decline of the pH value of simulated acid rain. The injury threshold value of leaf to simulated acid rain was ≤3.0 by the standard of the result using significance tested with L1S1D. at 0.05 level.
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• Studies on Polyploid Induction of Chinese Jujube with Colchicine
• Jiang Hongpen;Liu Mengjun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 647-650.
• Abstract ( 1978 ) HTML ( 1471 ) PDF (260KB) ( 1471 ) 　　　
• One year old grafted seedlings of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. Dongzao, Linyilizao and Lajiaozao were treated with colchicine at the shoot-tip. The results indicated that the highest induction rate of Linyilizao was 50 % with optimum treatment combination of 0.15 %/ 18h ; the highest induction rates of Dongzao and Lajiaozao were both 43.3 % , and the optimum treatment combinations were 0.1 %/ 30 h and 0.15 %/ 18 h respectively. The chromosome number of the shoot-tip of the mutated plants (2 n = 4 x = 44)
  and the DNA content were both twice that of the cont rol. In addition , the chromosome number of some mutated Lajiaozao was 2 n = 2 x + 2 = 26 , and some octoploid cells were found in mutated Lajiaozao. The leaf length , width and area were larger and the leaf index , internode length were smaller than those of the diploid plants. The induced polyploid materials also showed larger stomatas , more chloroplasts , and larger but more deformed pollens. The decrease of pollen fertility and some tet racolporated pollens were also observed.
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• Some Physiological and Biochemical Changes of Embryo Abortion in Hybridsof Seedless Grapes and Chinese Wild Grapes
• Wang Fei;Wang Yuejin;Wan Yizhen;Ren Jie
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 651-653.
• Abstract ( 1425 ) HTML ( 1182 ) PDF (102KB) ( 1182 ) 　　　
• Ovules f rom seedless grapes , seeded grapes and hybrids ( Seedless grapes ×Chinese wild grapes) were cultivated in vit ro. Some phytochemical component s in ovules were determined. Embryo abortion development was different in cultivars and hybrids. When ovules began aborting , MDA increased. at the same time , protective enzymes , soluble sugar and protein decreased. But soluble starch changed less. The berry harvest time is determined by the cultivars and cross combinations. This affects the timing of embryo rescue. The best time for embryo rescue is at the time when embryo development is best and MDA activity is low.
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• Studies on the Somatic Embryogenesis of Torreya grandis
• Jiang Xinbing;Chen Ligeng;He Xinhua
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 654-656.
• Abstract ( 1351 ) HTML ( 1196 ) PDF (164KB) ( 1196 ) 　　　
• Calli were induced from embryo of Torreya grandis , and the highest induction frequency (69. 8%) was obtained on SH basal medium supplemented with 6-A 0. mg/ L + 2,4-D 0.5 mg/ L. After subcultured for several times , somatic embryogenesis at high f requency (70.3 %) was obtained on 1/ 2 SH
  medium supplemented with 6-BA 0.1 mg/ L + NAA 0.1 mg/ L. Somatic embryos can keep on growing and proliferating on appropriate medium. It is the first reported that somatic embryos were successfully cultured f rom T. grandis in the world.
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• Effects of Different Culture Conditions on Regeneration from Leaves of Straw2berry ( Fraga ria ×ananassa Duch. ) ‘Toyonoka’
• Wu Xuemei;Tang Haoru;Wen Guoqin;Li Yan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 657-659.
• Abstract ( 1478 ) HTML ( 1427 ) PDF (160KB) ( 1427 ) 　　　
• The ideal regeneration system of strawberry ( Fragaria ×ananassa Duch. ) ‘Toyonoka’by leaf explants was established. In this study , the effects of plant growth regulators , dark periods and AgNO₃ concentrations on shoot regeneration from leaves of strawberry were investigated. The results showed that the highest regeneration rate of 72.33 %, with 5.59 shoots per leaf disc , was obtained on the medium MS supplemented with
  2.0 mg·L ^-1 TDZ and 0.8 mg·L ^-1 IBA. TDZ was more effective than BA in inducing shoot regeneration from leavesof strawberry ‘Toyonoka ’. Two weeks of dark treatment could increase the shoot regeneration rate to
  90.09 %. Addition of AgNO3 to the medium could not stimulate shoot regeneration , but it changed the cell differentiational direction in somewhat from the formation of adventitious shoots to that of somatic embryos.
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• Effects of Temperature on Senescence of GF43 ( Prunus domestica L. ) Plant2let in Vitro
• Ma Ruijuan;Yu Mingliang;Xu Jianlan;Song Weiping;Hong Fashui;Wan Zhigang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 660-662.
• Abstract ( 1382 ) HTML ( 984 ) PDF (120KB) ( 984 ) 　　　
• The growth and senescence of GF₄₃ ( Prunus domestica L. ) cultured at different temperatures in vit ro were studied. The results showed that the growth rate of GF₄₃ plantlet in vitro was slow at 16 ℃, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) , catalase (CAT) and peroxidase ( POD) were incresed , the activated oxygen scarenging system was improved. Consequently this alleviated the harmful effect of O·₂ and reduced the membrane lipid peroxidation in shoot , prolonged the life-spane of GF₄₃ plantlet in vitro.
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• GC2MS Analysis of Fruit Aroma Components of Two Apricot Cultivars
• Chen Meixia;Chen Xuesen;Feng Baochun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 663-665.
• Abstract ( 1659 ) HTML ( 1488 ) PDF (198KB) ( 1488 ) 　　　
• This current study focuses on the aroma components which present in two different apricot cultivars f ruit at the commercial ripe stage. The fruit was sampled by steam distillation extraction. The concent rated extracts were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 74 compounds were identified in Xinshiji , representing 73.604 % of the total peak area and 72 compounds in Hongfeng,representing 44.677 %. Alcohols , aldehydes , lactones , ketones were the major constituents in the two
  extracts. The common constituents included ionone , hexanal , hexanol , hexenal , hexenol , lactones , terpenic alcohols , etc , which are major cont ributors to apricot aroma , but their contents are different in two cultivars.
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• Effects of Exogenous Sal icyl ic Acid on Activities of Some Enzymes andAntioxidants in Cucumber Leaves
• Shi Qinghua;Zhu Zhujun;Xu Min;Qian Qiongqiu
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 666-667.
• Abstract ( 1526 ) HTML ( 1288 ) PDF (170KB) ( 1288 ) 　　　
• Effects of different concentration of SA on activities of some enzymes and antioxidants in cucumber leaves were studied. The results indicated that activities of peroxidase ( POD) , polyphenol oxidase ( PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) increased after different concentration of SA treatments , and the increasing level was the highest in 200μmol·L ^-1 . 100μmol·L^-1SA treatment significantly inhibited activities of IAA oxidase ( IAO) and ascorbate oxidase (AO) , while 200 μmol·L^-1 and 400 μmol·L^-1 SA treatment promoted them. AsA , GSH and GSSGcontents were increased in 100μmol·L^-1SA treatment.
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• Studies on the Effects of Heavy Metal Zn on Nutrition Qual ity Indicators ofNon-heading Chinese Cabbage
• Xie Jianzhi;Liu Shuqing;Li Bowen;Zhang Shuting;Zhao Xinhua;Xue Baomin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 668-669.
• Abstract ( 1373 ) HTML ( 1102 ) PDF (134KB) ( 1102 ) 　　　
• The effects of heavy metal Zn on nutrition quality indicators of non-heading Chinese cabbage were investigated with pot culture. The significant correlation between Zn content and the yield of non-heading Chinese cabbage , Zn accumulation in cabbage , the nut rition quality indicators of non-heading Chinese cabbage including chlorophyll , Vitamin C , reducing sugar , crude protein and crude fiber was found.
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• Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Beta-1,3-glucanase Gene cDNA in Brassicacampestris ssp. chinensis
• Wang Yanhua;Hou Xilin;Shi Gongjun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 670-672.
• Abstract ( 1548 ) HTML ( 1182 ) PDF (208KB) ( 1182 ) 　　　
• The beta-1,3-glucanase gene cDNA sequence were cloned using RT-PCR with cDNA isolated f rom Brassica campestris ssp. chi nensis‘Xuekeqing’, which displayed resistances to downy mildew.Sequencing result indicated that cloned f ragment of beta21032glucanase gene encode a peptide containing 343amino acids. The further comparison to turnip beta-1,3-glucanase ( bg1) gene and Arabidopsis thaliana beta-1,3-glucanase ( bg2) gene showed that identity was 98 % and 84 % , respectively. As a result , the sequence was accepted and released by GenBank (accession number AY395720) .
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• Studies on Culture and Propagation of Virus Elimination Seedings from WelshOnion Shoot-tip
• Chen Dian;Huang Xiaomei;Jiang Yudong;Liang Yan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 673-675.
• Abstract ( 1476 ) HTML ( 1054 ) PDF (125KB) ( 1054 ) 　　　
• The results of virus elimination by shoot-tip culture of welsh onion commonly grown in Zhangqiu showed that the optimum medium for starting culture of shoot-tip was MS + NAA 0.1 mg·L^-1 + 2iP 0.4 mg·L^-1 , the rate of shoot induction was 100 %; the optimum medium for root induction was 1/ 2 MS + NAA 0.01 mg·L^-1 + IBA 1.5 mg·L^-1 , both rates of rooting were 100 % , and survival rate after habituation were 100 %。The optimum medium for shoot-tip to differentiate rank seedlings was MS + NAA 0.1 mg·L^-1+ 2iP 0.6 mg·L^-1 , and the average divided seedings number of each shoot-tip was 6.8 。The observation of cytology showed that this approach could maintain the stability of hereditary.
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研究简讯

• Effect of Different Content of SA on Low Temperature Resistant of Peach during Flower Period
• Guo Shouhua;Yang Qing;Yang Xiaoling;Zhang Man
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 675-675.
• Abstract ( 1313 ) HTML ( 1096 ) PDF (89KB) ( 1096 ) 　　　
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研究报告

• Primary Studies on the Isolated Microspore Culture in Radish ( Raphanus sativus L.)
• Zhang Li
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 676-678.
• Abstract ( 1485 ) HTML ( 1325 ) PDF (184KB) ( 1325 ) 　　　
• The isolated microspore culture was studied by using of 20 different varieties of radish. The embyoids and the regenerated plantlets were obtained. The genotype was the main factor which rest ricted the embryogenesis , and the regenerated plantlets could be got from cotyledon embyoid.
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• In Vitro Culture and Plant Regeneration of Orychophragmus diffusus
• Wu Jun;Qi Xinghua;Wang Yi;Luo Qin;Wang Maohua;Yang Yi;Li Xufeng;Tan Zhongming
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 679-681.
• Abstract ( 1387 ) HTML ( 1002 ) PDF (181KB) ( 1002 ) 　　　
• The different ways of regeneration of leaves and petioles in vitro were studied in Orychophragmus diffusus Z. M. Tan et J . M. Xu. On the MS medium with 6-BA and NAA , the leaves and petioles gave the high regeneration rate. When they were cultured on the MS medium with 2,4-D , 6-BA and NAA , they gave the high induction rate of the calli. The calli were differentiated easily on the medium with 6-BA. The embryonic plant s were reproduced rapidly in the same medium. Complete plant s were induced on the rooting medium. This study showed O. diffusus has apparent regeneration capacity.
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• Prel iminary Screening of Fungal Strain Decomposing the Thatch of TurfgrassZoysia matrella
• Yuan Kangpei;Xu Ligen;Feng Mingguang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 682-684.
• Abstract ( 1619 ) HTML ( 918 ) PDF (91KB) ( 918 ) 　　　
• Forty-five fungal strains were isolated from turf thatch of Zoysia matrella , soil and rotten wood , and six among them were selected out for decomposing the thatch of Zoysia matrella efficiently by preliminary screening with Congo-red-clear-zone method and rescreening with the assay of cellulase activities. Results showed that all of them had no pathogenicity to live turfgrass of Zoysia matrella , and the HU43 strain identified as Aspergillus awamori expressed the highest growth rate , as well as the greatest efficiency to decompose sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The cellulase activity of HU43 reached 35.7 U·g ^-1 after 3 days by solid state fermentation. After being incubated at 25 ℃under high moist condition for 7 days , 24.34 % of withered grass of Zoysia matrella had been decomposed by this strain.
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• The RAPD Analysis of 17 Osmanthus fragrans Cultivars in Henan Province
• Shang Fude;Yi Yanjie;Zhang Tong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 685-687.
• Abstract ( 1582 ) HTML ( 1181 ) PDF (121KB) ( 1181 ) 　　　
• Applying an improved CTAB method to extract DNA from leaves of Osmanthus fragrans, studied the classification and identification of 17 Osmanthus fragrans cultivars in Henan province by the technique of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) . Fifteen better 10 bp primers which were selected from one hundred arbitrary primers were applied to be amplified. Total 121 bands were produced , with which 87 bands were polymorphic. Genetic distance between each of the cultivars were calculated from simple matching coefficies. Adendrogram showing genetic relationships was constructed through an unweighted pair2group method. The genetic relationship of cultivar among different cultivar groups is farther than that in the same cultivar group. This conclusion is consistent with traditional cultivar classification. RAPD technology provides a few of new evidences for cultivar identification and classification to Osmanthus fragrans cultivars in Henan province.
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• Induction and Propagation of Hybrid Protocorm Like-body of Crosses betweenCymbidium sinense and Cymbidium hybridium
• Zhu Genfa;Chen Mingli;Luo Zhiwei;Luo Siqiong;LüFubing;Wang Biqing
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 688-690.
• Abstract ( 1670 ) HTML ( 1463 ) PDF (149KB) ( 1463 ) 　　　
• Hybrid plants were obtained from 5 crosses between Cymbidium sinense and Cymbidium hybridium. The genotype of germination by protocorm like-body (PLB) of C. hybridium is controlled by dominant gene (s) . Because all of these hybrid embryos , whatever C. sinense ×C. hybridium or C. hybridium ×
  C. sinense , are germinated by PLB , which is the same as C. hybridium. Four factors of NH₄NO₃ 、KH₂ PO₄ 、6-BA and NAA with three different concentration (L₉) were designed to study the effects on induction and propagation of PLB of C. ‘Jin Zui ’×C. ‘Forgotten Fruits’. Analysis of variance shows : The different concentration among the factors which are NH₄NO₃ 、KH₂PO₄ and 6-BA influences the induction and propagation of PLB directly , There is no difference with different concentration of NAA. NH₄NO₃ 1650 mg·L ^-1 (MS normal levels) , higher concentration of KH₂PO₄ (170 - 850 mg·L ^-1) and BA densities (1 - 10 mg·L ^-1) was favorable to propagation of PLB. There are extremely remarkable differences among 9 media , the best is C5 medium with NH₄NO₃ 1650 mg·L ^-1,KH₂PO₄ 340 mg·L^-1and 6-BA 10 mg·L ^-1 .
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研究简讯

• Embryo Culture and Plant Regeneration from Cotyledons in InterspeciesHybrids of Cherry
• Li Wensheng;Yan Guohua;Zhang;Niu Aiguo;Zhang Kaichun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 690-690.
• Abstract ( 1374 ) HTML ( 878 ) PDF (90KB) ( 878 ) 　　　
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研究报告

• Protocol Establ ishment of Tall Fescue Transgene by Biolistics
• Ma Shengjian;Zeng Fuhua;Xu Biyu;Lu Xiangyang;Wu Zhihua;
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 691-693.
• Abstract ( 1590 ) HTML ( 1334 ) PDF (254KB) ( 1334 ) 　　　
• In this paper , excised mature embryos of tall fescue were used as explants to induce embryonic calli , which were used as materials to optimize bombardment parameters of biolistics , and the most suitable delivery parameters for PDS-1000/ He were 6 cm shoot distance , 6 cm distance between particles and rupture disks , 1100 psi helium pressure and ombarding 2 shots. An optimized t ransformation protocol was established and transgenic turfgrass varieties resistant to herbicide with stable heredity were acquired.All tested tall fescues selected randomly were positive by PCR analysis and by dot blotting analysis for bar gene. The results of daubing tests with herbicide showed t ransgenic plants had more resistance than plants
  cont rol did.
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• In Vitro Morphogenesis of Begonia tuberhybrida
• Liu Fuping;Su Minghua;Zhang Ning;Lin Qinghong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 694-696.
• Abstract ( 1521 ) HTML ( 1142 ) PDF (124KB) ( 1142 ) 　　　
• Organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis of Begonia tuberhybrida could carry out on the same culture conditions. Somatic embryos occurred from explant directly or indirectly and originated f rom single-cell or multi-cell. At higher induce temperature (28 ℃) , subculturing regenerated young leaf could establish high efficient regenerate system. Through subculturing cluster of buds , a large amount of callus formed , and the callus subcultured for half a year lost almostly differential ability. Observation showed callus was habituated by growth substance and there were wide-ranging variation in the number of chromosome in cells of the callus.
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新品种

• ‘Chunming’—A New Early Ripening Peach Cultivar
• Yang Jianming;Li Linguang;Zhao Feng;Lu Xiuying
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 697-697.
• Abstract ( 1403 ) HTML ( 1004 ) PDF (119KB) ( 1004 ) 　　　
• ‘Chunming’is a new fine peach cultivar with early-bearing and high-yielding characteristics selected from the hybrid of ‘Chunlei’ בYuhualu’. The embryos of the hybrid were cultured on tubes. It s nearly round drupe mass 144.4 g averagely with incarnadine st riation surface and white flesh.Its soluble solid concent ration was 10.8 %. The cultivar ripened at the early June and had 60 d of fruit growth period.
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• A New Chestnut Variety‘Tima Zhenzhu’
• Liu Qingxiang;Kong Dejun;and Wang Guangpeng
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 698-698.
• Abstract ( 1349 ) HTML ( 1008 ) PDF (88KB) ( 1008 ) 　　　
• Through heredity determination of vegetative progeny and field test , The new chestnut variety‘Tima Zhenzhu’showed excellent characters : high yield , stable yield , good quality , high disease resistance , kernels in good order , fine and smooth , good glutinous , dense sweet smell ; Self-renewal determinate crown , recycle fruiting , laborsaving in shave.
  
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• ‘Eshi 1’—A New Pollination Constant and Non-astringent Cultivar of Chinese Persimmon
• Yi Zhenwang;Luo Zhengrong;Pan Desen;Wu Hanchu;Zhou Jianshe
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 699-699.
• Abstract ( 1810 ) HTML ( 1274 ) PDF (182KB) ( 1274 ) 　　　
• ‘Eshi 1’( Diospyros kaki Thunb. ) was selected f rom the Chinese persimmon germplasm of Luotian county , Hubei province , and released by Luotian county , Huazhong Agricultural University and Hubei Academy of Forestry Science in March,2004. Maturing in the early to middle October in Luotian ,
  with the fruit mass 180 g on the average and few seeds. The fruit is moderately tasty , crisp and sweet. Soluble solids content is about 19.7 %. Shelf life of f ruit is about three weeks. It also is a new pollination constant and non-ast ringent cultivar of Chinese persimmon besides‘Luotiantianshi’.
  
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• A New Siberia Apricot Variety‘Lüpeshanxing’
• Zhang Libin;Wang Tongkun;Liu Guisen;Zhao Tianyong;Wu Xueren
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 700-700.
• Abstract ( 1357 ) HTML ( 1073 ) PDF (136KB) ( 1073 ) 　　　
• Lüpeshanxing’is a new variety without red pigment,selected from Armeniaca sibirica Lam. The sepal , tip of young leaf , upside of petiole , epidermis of twig and fruit are all green and the petal is white. It can be used in landscaping or planted in mountain area. Its seed can be made use of eatable processing.
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• A New Variety of Ampelopsis grossedentata —Lüfeng
• Zheng Xiaojiang;Liu Jinlong;Xiang Bangui;Tan Shiming;Zhang Qianyong;Zhou Tao;Zhang Hongxia
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 701-701.
• Abstract ( 1764 ) HTML ( 1221 ) PDF (88KB) ( 1221 ) 　　　
• Ampelopsis grossedentata‘Lüfeng’was selected f rom the wild A.grossedentata, which grows at the west of Hubei. It s cured leaf contains total flavone 12.9 % , total amino acid 16.7 % , total sugar 6.92 % , Vitamin E 60.1 %.
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• A New Small-type Watermelon ‘Yuyi Heixiaobao’
• Ma Changsheng;Li Jianwu;Sun Zhongwei;Jiang Zemin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 702-702.
• Abstract ( 1856 ) HTML ( 1032 ) PDF (69KB) ( 1032 ) 　　　
• ‘Yuyi Heixiaobao’is a small-type watermelon hybrid produced by Henan Yuyi Seed Company Ltd. . The variety is suitable for planting in greenhouse and open field in some areas in China. The life history is about 90 - 95 days. A plant produces 2 - 3 f ruits which weight 2 - 3 kg / fruit , the yield is above 37.5 t / hm² . The fruit is long oval in shape with smooth dark-green surface. The content of soluble solid material is about 13.0 %. The variety tastes very delicious. It is resistant to diseases and very convenient to store and transport .
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• ‘Zhewang 29 ’ — A New Multi-resistence and High Quality MuskmelonVariety
• Zhang Yuejian;Xie Ming;Shi Zebin;Jiang Guihua;Wang Hanrong;He Haican
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 703-703.
• Abstract ( 1387 ) HTML ( 1117 ) PDF (220KB) ( 1117 ) 　　　
• :‘Zhewang 29’is the early and middle maturity hybrid variety of netted muskmelon. The fruit shape is f rom globose to ellipitic. The peel colour is light yellow-green. The flesh color is orange-yellow , crispy in texture , the best tasting and flavour quality with Brixis 15 % - 18 % and better resistence to
  virus , damp and hot . Average mass per fruit is 1.27 kg. This variety is suitable for proctected cultivation in main planting region of muskmelon in china.
  
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• ‘Yuxin 60’—A New Early Maturing Chinese Cabbage Hybrid
• Yuan Yuxiang;Zhang Xiaowei;Geng Jianfeng;Jiang Wusheng;Han Yongping
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 704-704.
• Abstract ( 1375 ) HTML ( 1074 ) PDF (220KB) ( 1074 ) 　　　

• ‘Yuxin 60’is a new Chinese cabbage hybrid , whose parents are self-incompatible double haploid lines induced by isolated microspore culture. It is early maturing and requires only 60 to 65 days from sowing to maturity. This cultivar is multiple disease resistant to turnip mosaic virus ( TuMV), downy mildew and soft rot . It s head shape (height/ diameter) index is 1.19 and a head mass ranges f rom 1.5 to 2.0 kg. The marketable yield is 59.9 - 69.8 t·hm^-2. It has dwarf head with leaf-tips overlapping on head top. Tender , crisp and slightly sweet leaves are suitable for both salad and cooking.

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• A Yam Variety‘Guihuai 6’
• Wei Benhui;Wei Weitai;Gan Xiuqin;Ning Xiucheng;Qin Weizhi;He Haiwang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 705-705.
• Abstract ( 1551 ) HTML ( 1027 ) PDF (69KB) ( 1027 ) 　　　
• ‘Guihuai 6’was selected from guangxi yam resource by industrial crops institute guangxi academy of agricultural science. It was an earliness and high yield variety with high content of Fe and Zn. The content of Fe and Zn were respectively 20.2 mg/ kg and 12.0 mg/ kg. The tuber of ‘Guihuai 6’was turkey red.
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• Breeding of A New Late-bolting Broad-leaf Spinach Hybrid‘Dongxin 1’
• Zhao Hengtian;Wang Xinhua;Ban Wenjie;Shen Yunxia
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2004, 31(5): 706-706.
• Abstract ( 1456 ) HTML ( 962 ) PDF (118KB) ( 962 ) 　　　
• ‘Dongxin 1’is a new hybrid F₁ of broad-leaf Spinach with character of late-bolting. Compared with its cont rast variety (Japanese Broad-leaf Spinach) , the index of itps resistant to downy mildew and virus is 28.8 % and 25.1 % lower respectively , and the bolting date is 15 days later. It is suitable for
  growing under protected condition and open field in early spring.
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