京白梨果实采后PG、糖苷酶和LOX活性变化及其基因表达特性

园艺学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 31-39.

京白梨果实采后PG、糖苷酶和LOX活性变化及其基因表达特性

魏建梅1,*，齐秀东2,*，张海娥1，冉辛拓1，乐文全1,**

（1河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所，河北昌黎 066600；2河北科技师范学院，河北秦皇岛 066000）

收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2012-01-25 发布日期:2012-01-25
通讯作者: 魏建梅,齐秀东,乐文全

The Activity and Gene Expression of Polygalacturonase，Glycosidase and Lipoxygenase in Postharvest‘Jingbaili’Pear Fruit

WEI Jian-mei1,*，QI Xiu-dong2,*，ZHANG Hai-e1，RAN Xin-tuo1，and YUE Wen-quan1,**

（1Changli Fruit Institute，Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences，Changli，Hebei 066600，China；2Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology，Qinhuangdao，Hebei 066000，China）

Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2012-01-25 Published:2012-01-25
Contact: WEI Jian-mei，QI Xiu-dong，YUE Wen-quan

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以京白梨为试材，测定贮藏期间果实多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）、糖苷酶（β-Gal、α-L-Af）及脂氧合酶（LOX）活性及其基因表达变化及对1-MCP和低温的响应。结果表明，果实软化呈慢（3 d内）、快（3 ~ 9 d）、慢（9 d后）的变化趋势；PG、β-Gal、α-L-Af和LOX活性及其基因表达量均随果实软化呈不同程度增加，且β-Gal和LOX的活性均在果实采收后3 d内上升快，其基因的表达量亦迅速增加，由此认为β-Gal和LOX可能在果实软化早期起着更为重要的作用。经1-MCP处理和冷藏后，β-Gal、α-L-Af、LOX和PG的活性及基因表达显著受抑，延缓了果实软化进程，且1-MCP对β-Gal和LOX的抑制作用最强烈，尤其在处理前期。在果实冷藏过程中PG和β-Gal活性基本维持原有水平，其基因表达在贮藏前期受到抑制，LOX活性和基因表达均维持在极低水平，说明LOX对低温较其它酶敏感。因此认为，PG、β-Gal、α-L-Af和LOX均不同程度地参与了京白梨果实的后熟软化，在早期软化阶段β-Gal和LOX可能起着更为重要的作用，1-MCP对β-Gal和LOX活性和基因表达具有更显著的调控作用，而低温可能主要是通过抑制LOX活性和基因表达来抑制果实软化。

关键词: 梨, 果实, 采后, 多聚半乳糖醛酸酶, 糖苷酶, 脂氧合酶, 基因表达

Abstract: In this paper，the fruit of‘Jingbaili’pear was used to measure the changes in activity and gene expression of polygalacturonase（PG），glycosidase（β-Gal，α-L-Af）and lipoxygenase（LOX）after being respectively treated by 1-MCP and cold storage，in order to explore their roles and inter-relationship during fruit softening. The results showed that there was a softening trend with slow（within 3 d of harvest）–fast（3–9 d of harvest）–slow（after 9 d of harvest）in‘Jingbaili’pear fruit，and the activity and gene expression of PG，β-Gal，α-L-Af and LOX increased in varying degrees with fruit softening. β-Gal and LOX activity showed a rapid rising within 3 days after harvest，and accompanied by the rapidly increasing in both gene expression，which indicating that both β-Gal and LOX may play a very important role at early softening stage in‘Jingbaili’pear fruit. Both 1-MCP treatment and cold storage could significantly inhibit the activity and gene expression of β-Gal，α-L-Af，LOX and PG，and thus delayed the fruit softening. What，s more，1-MCP treatment may play stronger inhibition in the activity and gene expression of β-Gal and LOX，particularly at early time of 1-MCP treatment. Cold storage could maintain the initial activity in both PG and β-Gal during storage，while mainly inhibit their gene expressions at early stage. The activity and gene expression of LOX maintained very low level under cold storage，indicating LOX was more sensitive to low temperature than other three enzymes. Therefore，it was concluded that PG，β-Gal，α-L-Af and LOX were all involved in fruit softening to varying degrees，among which both β-Gal and LOX maybe take more contribution to early softening stage. We think that 1-MCP treatment play a more important role in fruit softening by inhibiting the activity and gene expression of both β-Gal and LOX，and cold storage delay fruit softening mainly due to inhibiting the LOX activity and gene expression in‘Jingbaili’pear fruit.

Key words: Pyrus, polygalacturonase, fruit, postharvest, glycosidase, lipoxygenase, gene expression

中图分类号:

S 661.2

魏建梅;齐秀东;张海娥;冉辛拓;乐文全;. 京白梨果实采后PG、糖苷酶和LOX活性变化及其基因表达特性[J]. 园艺学报, 2012, 39(1): 31-39.

WEI Jian-mei;QI Xiu-dong;ZHANG Hai-e;RAN Xin-tuo;and YUE Wen-quan; . The Activity and Gene Expression of Polygalacturonase，Glycosidase and Lipoxygenase in Postharvest‘Jingbaili’Pear Fruit[J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2012, 39(1): 31-39.

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