Effects of Water Deficiency on Sucrose and Starch Metabolism of Substrate Culture Tomato in Greenhouse

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0691

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (11): 2607-2619.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0691

• Cultivation·Physiology & Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of Water Deficiency on Sucrose and Starch Metabolism of Substrate Culture Tomato in Greenhouse

CUI Yiqiong¹, LI Ju¹, LIU Xiaoqi¹, WANG Junwen¹, TANG Zhongqi¹, WU Yue¹, XIAO Xuemei¹^,²^,^*(), YU Jihua¹^,²

¹ College of Horticulture，Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou 730070，China
² Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science，Lanzhou 730070，China

Received:2024-03-27 Revised:2024-07-23 Online:2024-12-12 Published:2024-11-25
Contact: XIAO Xuemei

Abstract

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of sugar metabolism of tomato fruits under water deficiency cultivated in substrate. One of taste tomato cultivars‘181’and one of ordinary tomato cultivars‘Maofen 802’were selected as materials in this experiment. Four water treatment levels （full water supply，mild water deficit，moderate water deficit and severe water deficit）were set up to study the effects of water deficit on sugar components，enzyme activities and relative gene expression in tomato fruits related to sugar metabolism at green ripening stage，color turning stage and mature stage under substrate cultivation in solar greenhouse. The results showed that the response of sugar component and starch content to water deficit was different between the two cultivars. Moderate water deficit could increase the fructose and glucose contents of‘181’while decrease sucrose and starch content of‘181’at every stage. Severe water deficit could increase the fructose and glucose contents of‘Maofen 802’and the sucrose content decreased with the decrease of irrigation amount. The activities of sucrose synthetase （SS），sucrose phosphate synthetase（SPS），α-Amylase（α-AYM）and β-Amylase（β-AYM）in tomato ‘181’and‘Maofen 802’at maturity increased with the decrease of irrigation amount，and the activities were the highest under severe water deficit. Under severe water deficit，the relative expression levels of SS gene and SPS gene of the two tomato cultivars were up-regulated during color turning stage and mature stage. The α-AYM and β-AYM gene expression levels were up-regulated in green ripe stage under the water deficit. To sum up，moderate water deficit can promote the decomposition of sucrose and the production of fructose and glucose of substrate-grown tomatoes in greenhouse，ultimately improve the flavor quality of tomatoes.

Key words: tomato, water deficit, substrate culture, glucose metabolism, enzyme activity, gene expression

CUI Yiqiong, LI Ju, LIU Xiaoqi, WANG Junwen, TANG Zhongqi, WU Yue, XIAO Xuemei, YU Jihua. Effects of Water Deficiency on Sucrose and Starch Metabolism of Substrate Culture Tomato in Greenhouse[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(11): 2607-2619.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1 Irrigation amount of different treatments

水分亏缺 Water deficiency	处理 Treatment	每槽每次灌水量/L Irrigation amount per plot per time	总灌水量/（L · m^-2） Total irrigation amount（L · m^-2）
对照Control（CK）	75% ~ 90%田间最大持水量 75%-90% field moisture capacity	72.41	24.18
轻度 Mild water deficit	80% CK	57.93	19.90
中度 Moderate water deficit	60% CK	43.45	15.61
重度 Severe water deficit	40% CK	28.96	11.32

Table 2 Primer sequences and GenBank accession number

基因 Gene	序列号 Accession number	引物（5′-3′） Primer pair
Actin	NM_001321306.1	F：TGTCCCTATCTACGAGGGTTATGC；R：AGTTAAATCACGACCAGCAAGAT
SPS	NM_001246991.2	F：TATTCGTCCTTCCATTCTGA；R：GTCTTCATCCTCAACAACAA
SS	XM_019211274.2	F：GCTCAAGGACAGGACTAA；R：GCTCATACATCTTCTTCATCTC
AI	NM_001247914.2	F：CGGAATTGGATTGTGGAAT；R：CAGGTCAGCAGATTCACT
NI	XM_004230281.4	F：GCGTATAATCACTGGTAGC；R：GAATCCACTGCCTTCTTAG
α-Amylase	XM_004238109.4	F：GAAGAGTTATGGAGATTGAAGG；R：CTGGATGAGTAAGAATGTATGC
β-Amylase	NM_001247627.2	F：GCTCCGTTATCCATCCTAT；R：CACCACCTTCCTTCTTGA

Fig. 1 Effect of mild，moderate and severe water deficit on content of fructose，glucose，sucrose and starch in tomato fruits of‘181’and‘Maofen 802’ Lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments in the same period（P < 0.05）. The same below.

Fig. 2 Effect of mild，moderate and severe water deficit on activity of enzymes related to sucrose metabolism in tomato fruit of‘181’and‘Maofen 802’

Fig. 3 Effect of mild，moderate and severe water deficit on expression of Sucrose metabolizing enzyme related genes in tomato fruit of‘181’and‘Maofen 802’

Fig. 4 Effect of mild，moderate and severe water deficit on enzyme activities related to starch metabolism in tomato fruit of‘181’and‘Maofen 802’

Fig. 5 Effect of mild，moderate and severe water deficit on expression of genes related to starch metabolism in tomato fruit of‘181’and‘Maofen 802’

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Effects of Water Deficiency on Sucrose and Starch Metabolism of Substrate Culture Tomato in Greenhouse

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