Effect of Melatonin on Antioxidant System of Tomato Senescent Leaves

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0964

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (11): 2594-2606.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0964

• Cultivation·Physiology & Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effect of Melatonin on Antioxidant System of Tomato Senescent Leaves

WANG Yanan, LIU Xutao, JING Tongtong, CHAI Yating, ZHANG Xiaowei, AI Xizhen, BI Huangai^*()

Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation，Agriculture Ministry and Rural Affairs，Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Province with High Quality and Efficient Production of Fruit and Vegetable，College of Horticulture Science and Engineering，Shandong Agricultural University，Tai’an，Shandong 271018，China

Received:2024-05-31 Revised:2024-07-02 Online:2024-12-12 Published:2024-11-25
Contact: BI Huangai

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the regulation mechanism of exogenous melatonin（MT）on leaf senescence of tomato（Solanum lycopersicum L.）,‘Jinpeng 1'tomato and SlTDC（L-tryptophan decarboxylase encoding gene，a key gene for MT synthesis）overexpression and knockout transgenic tomato plants were used as experimental materials and dark condition was used to simulate senescence，the effects of MT on senescence-related gene（SAG12）expression,reactive oxygen species（ROS）accumulation and antioxidant system were studied in this paper. The results showed that the mRNA abundance of SAG12，the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide（H₂O₂）and superoxide anion superoxide anion，the activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD），peroxidase（POD）and ascorbate peroxidase（APX）and their gene expression，and the content of ascorbic acid（AsA）and glutathione（GSH）in tomato leaves increased significantly with the prolongation of dark treatment time. Compared with the control（H₂O），the tomato treated with exogenous MT showed lower SAG12 mRNA abundance，the content of H₂O₂and superoxide anion and higher activities of SOD，POD，APX as well as their gene expression and the content of redox substances. Meanwhile，overexpression of SlTDC also significantly down-regulated the mRNA abundance of SAG12 and the content of H₂O₂and superoxide anion，and enhanced antioxidant capacity，while inhibition or knockout of SlTDC up-regulated the expression of senescence genes and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species（ROS）in tomato leaves under dark treatment，which accelerated leaf senescence. Moreover，field application studies showed that exogenous MT could also significantly down-regulate the expression of senescence genes and accumulation of ROS in tomato senescent leaves（leaf age > 35 d）in solar greenhouse，and delay leaf senescence caused by increasing leaf age. In summary，MT can accelerate the removal of ROS by down-regulating the expression of senescence genes and up-regulating antioxidant capacity，and then delay the senescence of dark or leaf-age-dependent tomato leaves.

Key words: tomato, melatonin, leaf senescence, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant system, SAG12, SlTDC

WANG Yanan, LIU Xutao, JING Tongtong, CHAI Yating, ZHANG Xiaowei, AI Xizhen, BI Huangai. Effect of Melatonin on Antioxidant System of Tomato Senescent Leaves[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(11): 2594-2606.

Figures/Tables 10

Table 1 The primer sequences of real-time qPCR

基因 Gene	登录号 Accession number	Solyc基因号 Solyc gene number	引物序列（5′-3′） Primer sequence
ß-Actin	XM_004243253.4	Solyc07g054860.1.1	F：TTTGCTGGTGATGATGCC
ß-Actin	XM_004243253.4	Solyc07g054860.1.1	R：CCTTAGGGTTGAGAGGTGCTT
SAG12	XM_004233006	Solyc02g076910.3.1	F：GGAGCTCTCAATTAGCTTCATC
SAG12	XM_004233006	Solyc02g076910.3.1	R：GTACCCTTTATCTTCTCCTGCAT
SOD	NM_001347093	Solyc08g079830.4.1	F：CTTCTTCGCAGTTTGAACG R：AACACAGCCTTGACACGA
POD	NM_001247203	Solyc01g006300.3.1	F：GGTCCAACATGGCAAGTTCT R：ACATCTTGCCCTTCCAAATG
APX	NM_001306170	Solyc06g060260.3.1	F：AGCTTAAGATTCGAAATTG R：GATCTCCCCAAAGTGTGAGCC

Fig. 1 Effects of exogenous melatonin（MT）on the expression of SAG12 in tomato leaves under dark condition Different letters after data indicate significant differences（P < 0.05）. The same below.

Fig. 2 Effects of exogenous melatonin（MT）on ROS content in tomato leaves under dark condition

Fig. 3 Effects of exogenous melatonin（MT）on the activities and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes in tomato leaves in darkness

Fig. 4 Effects of exogenous melatonin（MT）on redox substances in dark tomato leaves

Fig. 5 Effect of SlTDC1 on the relative expression of SAG12 in tomato leaves under darkness WT：Wild-type plants；OE14，OE10：Overexpression plants；RNAi4，RNAi7：Interference plants；Crispr1：Knockout plants. The same below.

Fig. 6 Effects of SlTDC1 on antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression in tomato leaves under darkness

Fig. 7 Effects of SlTDC1 on redox substances contents in tomato leaves under darkness

Fig. 8 Effects of exogenous melatonin（MT）on SAG12 expression in tomato leaves at different leaf ages

Fig. 9 Effects of exogenous melatonin（MT）on ROS content in tomato leaves at different leaf ages

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Effect of Melatonin on Antioxidant System of Tomato Senescent Leaves

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