Research Advances on Black Speck in Chinese Cabbage

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0973

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (10): 2968-2982.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0973

Research Advances on Black Speck in Chinese Cabbage

LIU Zhenxing¹^,², QU Xiaoya¹^,³, HU Jingfeng¹^,², LAN Mei¹^,², YANG Hongli¹^,², WANG Jialing¹^,², ZHANG Liqin¹^,², XU Xuezhong¹^,²^,^*(), HE Jiangming¹^,²^,^*()

¹ Horticultural Research Institute， Yunnan Academy Agricultural Sciences， Kunming 650205， China
² Yunnan Branch of National Vegetable Improvement Center， Kunming 650205， China
³ College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences， Huazhong Agricultural University， Wuhan 430070， China

Received:2026-01-26 Revised:2026-09-11 Online:2026-10-25 Published:2026-10-26
Contact: XU Xuezhong, HE Jiangming

Abstract

Abstract:

The black speck disease of Chinese cabbage is a physiological disorder that frequently occurs under conditions of excessive nitrogen fertilizer，high temperature and high humidity，or refrigeration. Although minor spotting does not compromise edibility，they seriously damage the appearance quality and commercial value of Chinese cabbage. Black speck disease of Chinese cabbage is prone to occur or become aggravated during distribution and transportation，causing substantial economic losses to enterprises. Research on this condition remains limited internationally，and its nomenclature in the literature is often inconsistent or conflated with other pathologies. In this review，the research progress on the symptoms，external influencing factors，differences in variety resistance，optimization of resistance identification methods，physiological and biochemical characteristics，and molecular mechanisms were summarized. It also provides an outlook on future research directions，aiming to facilitate the development of resistant cultivars and integrated management strategies to mitigate the impact of this disorder in commercial production.

Key words: Chinese cabbage, black speck, resistance identification, molecular mechanism, plant pathology, nitrogen metabolism

CLC Number:

S 634.1

LIU Zhenxing, QU Xiaoya, HU Jingfeng, LAN Mei, YANG Hongli, WANG Jialing, ZHANG Liqin, XU Xuezhong, HE Jiangming. Research Advances on Black Speck in Chinese Cabbage[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(10): 2968-2982.

Figures/Tables 2

References 64

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品种 Cultivar	抗性水平 Resistance level	测试单位，来源 Leading unit or location	文献 Reference
韩春娃C8-1 Hanchunwa C8-1	高抗Highly resistant	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	Mei et al.,2024；雷娟利等,2017b,2019,2021,2024,2025
韩春娃-4-2-3-4 Hanchunwa C8-1	易感Susceptible	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	Mei et al.,2024；雷娟利等,2015,2017b,2019,2021,2023,2024,2025
福山82 Fushan 82	高抗Highly resistant	山东烟台农科院Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences	张丽莉等,2021
福东2号 Fudong 2	高抗Highly resistant	山东烟台农科院Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences	张丽莉等,2021
皱福 Zhoufu	易感Susceptible	山东烟台农科院Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences	张丽莉等,2021
福小87-12-13 Fuxiao 87-12-13	易感Susceptible	山东烟台农科院Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences	张丽莉等,2021
福小-2 Fuxiao-2	易感Susceptible	山东烟台农科院Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences	张丽莉等,2021
SD-1-12-3-1-6-3	高抗Highly resistant	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2019
PB-3-1-4-4-2-1	高抗Highly resistant	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2019
改良清杂3号 Gailiangqingza 3	易感Susceptible	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2015,2019
03B9	易感Susceptible	山东青岛农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	郭莹等,2010,2011,2014；陈启武,2014；刘东等,2009,2010,2014
德高16-7×-12-1 Degao 16-7×-12-1	高抗Highly resistant	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2015
韩春娃C8-1-②-4-14 x -15 Hanchunwa C8-1-②-4-14 x -15	高抗Highly resistant	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2015
PB-3-1-4-4-2-1-(11)-4	高抗Highly resistant	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2015
春夏王-20-1-2-3-1 Chunxiawang-20-1-2-3-1	高抗Highly resistant	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2015
533	易感Susceptible	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2015
PB-3-1-4-4-3-1老 PB-3-1-4-4-3-1 Old	易感Susceptible	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2015
C24	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a；王丽丽等,2008b；王丽丽,2009；刘东等,2009,2010；郭莹等,2010,2011,2014；陈启武,2014
M36-2	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2005,2006b；郭建慧,2006；于业志等,2007；王丽丽,2009
87-114	易感Susceptible	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2005,2006b；郭建慧,2006；杨晓云等,2006b
P15-1	易感Susceptible	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	郭建慧,2006
鲁白15 Lubai 15	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006b；郭建慧,2006；于业志等,2007
新B-1-4 Xin B-1-4	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
^mc北京新五号-1 ^mcBeijing Xinwuhao-1	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
03-7-6	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
P23-1-1-18	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a；王丽丽等,2008a
Cll-4-4	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
B7	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
P34-2-1-2	易感Susceptible	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
C26-4-5	易感Susceptible	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
C27-2	易感Susceptible	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
P15-1-1-14	易感Susceptible	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
E-12-3-7-1	易感Susceptible	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
琴萌春王Qinmengchunwang	高抗Highly resistant	中国海洋大学生命科学与技术学院College of Marine Life Sciences，Ocean University of China	高晓蓉等,2008
强势Qiangshi	易感Susceptible	中国海洋大学生命科学与技术学院College of Marine Life Sciences，Ocean University of China	高晓蓉等,2008
春丰王Chunfengwang	易感Susceptible	中国海洋大学生命科学与技术学院College of Marine Life Sciences，Ocean University of China	高晓蓉等,2008
P20-1	高抗Highly resistant	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽等,2008b
586-1	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽等,2008b；王丽丽,2009
1-6-4-2-2-3-10	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽等,2008b；王丽丽,2009
M-36-1	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽等,2008b
C26	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽等,2008b
8-4-2-2-3-3-5	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽等,2008b；王丽丽,2009
P8-1	高抗Highly resistant	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	刘东等,2009,2010；郭莹等,2011
P8-2	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	刘东等,2009,2010；郭莹等,2011
P15-1	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽,2009；王丽丽等,2010
C26	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽,2009；王丽丽等,2010
M36-1	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽,2009
优夏王-s-s-4-1-1 Youxiawang-s-s-4-1-1	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽,2009
P20	高抗Highly resistant	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽,2009；王丽丽等,2010
C11	高抗Highly resistant	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽,2009；王丽丽等,2010
秋绿75 Qiulü 75	高抗Highly resistant	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽,2009
中国快车China Express	高抗Highly resistant	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998；Cantwell & Kasmire,2002
中国闪光China Flash	高抗Highly resistant	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998
XPH-5575	高抗Highly resistant	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998
金叶Gold Leaf	高抗Highly resistant	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998；Cantwell & Kasmire,2002
纪念碑Monument	高抗Highly resistant	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Daly & Tomkins,1995；Jimenez et al.,1998；Cantwell & Kasmire,2002
早美穗Early Meeho	易感Susceptible	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998；Cantwell & Kasmire,2002
骄傲2号Pride #2	易感Susceptible	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998；Cantwell & Kasmire,2002
FMX-425	易感Susceptible	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998；Cantwell & Kasmire,2002
Optiko	易感Susceptible	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998；Cantwell & Kasmire,2002
蓝Blue	易感Susceptible	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998；Cantwell & Kasmire,2002
WR Green 60	高抗Highly resistant	西澳大利亚州Western Australia	Dimsey & Bairnsdale,1997；Daly & Tomkins,1995；John et al.,2006
Green Rocket	高抗Highly resistant	西澳大利亚州Western Australia	Dimsey & Bairnsdale,1997；Daly & Tomkins,1995；John et al.,2006
Ming Emperor	易感Susceptible	西澳大利亚州Western Australia	Daly & Tomkins,1995；John et al.,2006
Kasumi II	高抗Highly resistant	西澳大利亚州Western Australia	Dimsey & Bairnsdale,1997；Daly & Tomkins,1995；John et al.,2006
Ohken 75	高抗Highly resistant	加拿大安大略省Ontario，Canada	Warner et al.,2003,2004
Akala	高抗Highly resistant	加拿大安大略省Ontario，Canada	Warner et al.,2003,2004
Spring Flavor	高抗Highly resistant	加拿大安大略省Ontario，Canada	Warner et al.,2003,2004
Yuki	高抗Highly resistant	加拿大安大略省Ontario，Canada	Daly & Tomkins,1995；Warner et al.,2003,2004
Kasumi	易感Susceptible	加拿大安大略省Ontario，Canada	Warner et al.,2003,2004
PSR4894	高抗Highly resistant	—	Cantwell & Kasmire.,2002
Treasure Island	高抗Highly resistant	—	Dimsey & Bairnsdale,1997；Daly & Tomkins,1995
Hong Kong	易感Susceptible	—	Dimsey & Bairnsdale,1997
WR 70 days	高抗Highly resistant	—	Daly & Tomkins,1995
RS1446	高抗Highly resistant	—	Daly & Tomkins,1995
China Pride	高抗Highly resistant	—	Daly & Tomkins,1995
RS1446	高抗Highly resistant	—	Daly & Tomkins,1995
Hector	高抗Highly resistant	—	Daly & Tomkins,1995

品种 Cultivar	抗性水平 Resistance level	测试单位，来源 Leading unit or location	文献 Reference
韩春娃C8-1 Hanchunwa C8-1	高抗Highly resistant	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	Mei et al.,2024；雷娟利等,2017b,2019,2021,2024,2025
韩春娃-4-2-3-4 Hanchunwa C8-1	易感Susceptible	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	Mei et al.,2024；雷娟利等,2015,2017b,2019,2021,2023,2024,2025
福山82 Fushan 82	高抗Highly resistant	山东烟台农科院Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences	张丽莉等,2021
福东2号 Fudong 2	高抗Highly resistant	山东烟台农科院Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences	张丽莉等,2021
皱福 Zhoufu	易感Susceptible	山东烟台农科院Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences	张丽莉等,2021
福小87-12-13 Fuxiao 87-12-13	易感Susceptible	山东烟台农科院Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences	张丽莉等,2021
福小-2 Fuxiao-2	易感Susceptible	山东烟台农科院Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences	张丽莉等,2021
SD-1-12-3-1-6-3	高抗Highly resistant	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2019
PB-3-1-4-4-2-1	高抗Highly resistant	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2019
改良清杂3号 Gailiangqingza 3	易感Susceptible	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2015,2019
03B9	易感Susceptible	山东青岛农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	郭莹等,2010,2011,2014；陈启武,2014；刘东等,2009,2010,2014
德高16-7×-12-1 Degao 16-7×-12-1	高抗Highly resistant	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2015
韩春娃C8-1-②-4-14 x -15 Hanchunwa C8-1-②-4-14 x -15	高抗Highly resistant	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2015
PB-3-1-4-4-2-1-(11)-4	高抗Highly resistant	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2015
春夏王-20-1-2-3-1 Chunxiawang-20-1-2-3-1	高抗Highly resistant	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2015
533	易感Susceptible	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2015
PB-3-1-4-4-3-1老 PB-3-1-4-4-3-1 Old	易感Susceptible	浙江农科院Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences	雷娟利等,2015
C24	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a；王丽丽等,2008b；王丽丽,2009；刘东等,2009,2010；郭莹等,2010,2011,2014；陈启武,2014
M36-2	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2005,2006b；郭建慧,2006；于业志等,2007；王丽丽,2009
87-114	易感Susceptible	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2005,2006b；郭建慧,2006；杨晓云等,2006b
P15-1	易感Susceptible	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	郭建慧,2006
鲁白15 Lubai 15	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006b；郭建慧,2006；于业志等,2007
新B-1-4 Xin B-1-4	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
^mc北京新五号-1 ^mcBeijing Xinwuhao-1	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
03-7-6	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
P23-1-1-18	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a；王丽丽等,2008a
Cll-4-4	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
B7	高抗Highly resistant	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
P34-2-1-2	易感Susceptible	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
C26-4-5	易感Susceptible	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
C27-2	易感Susceptible	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
P15-1-1-14	易感Susceptible	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
E-12-3-7-1	易感Susceptible	山东青岛农科院Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences	杨晓云等,2006a
琴萌春王Qinmengchunwang	高抗Highly resistant	中国海洋大学生命科学与技术学院College of Marine Life Sciences，Ocean University of China	高晓蓉等,2008
强势Qiangshi	易感Susceptible	中国海洋大学生命科学与技术学院College of Marine Life Sciences，Ocean University of China	高晓蓉等,2008
春丰王Chunfengwang	易感Susceptible	中国海洋大学生命科学与技术学院College of Marine Life Sciences，Ocean University of China	高晓蓉等,2008
P20-1	高抗Highly resistant	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽等,2008b
586-1	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽等,2008b；王丽丽,2009
1-6-4-2-2-3-10	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽等,2008b；王丽丽,2009
M-36-1	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽等,2008b
C26	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽等,2008b
8-4-2-2-3-3-5	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽等,2008b；王丽丽,2009
P8-1	高抗Highly resistant	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	刘东等,2009,2010；郭莹等,2011
P8-2	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	刘东等,2009,2010；郭莹等,2011
P15-1	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽,2009；王丽丽等,2010
C26	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽,2009；王丽丽等,2010
M36-1	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽,2009
优夏王-s-s-4-1-1 Youxiawang-s-s-4-1-1	易感Susceptible	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽,2009
P20	高抗Highly resistant	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽,2009；王丽丽等,2010
C11	高抗Highly resistant	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽,2009；王丽丽等,2010
秋绿75 Qiulü 75	高抗Highly resistant	青岛农业大学Qingdao Agricultural University	王丽丽,2009
中国快车China Express	高抗Highly resistant	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998；Cantwell & Kasmire,2002
中国闪光China Flash	高抗Highly resistant	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998
XPH-5575	高抗Highly resistant	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998
金叶Gold Leaf	高抗Highly resistant	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998；Cantwell & Kasmire,2002
纪念碑Monument	高抗Highly resistant	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Daly & Tomkins,1995；Jimenez et al.,1998；Cantwell & Kasmire,2002
早美穗Early Meeho	易感Susceptible	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998；Cantwell & Kasmire,2002
骄傲2号Pride #2	易感Susceptible	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998；Cantwell & Kasmire,2002
FMX-425	易感Susceptible	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998；Cantwell & Kasmire,2002
Optiko	易感Susceptible	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998；Cantwell & Kasmire,2002
蓝Blue	易感Susceptible	加州大学戴维斯分校University of California，Davis	Jimenez et al.,1998；Cantwell & Kasmire,2002
WR Green 60	高抗Highly resistant	西澳大利亚州Western Australia	Dimsey & Bairnsdale,1997；Daly & Tomkins,1995；John et al.,2006
Green Rocket	高抗Highly resistant	西澳大利亚州Western Australia	Dimsey & Bairnsdale,1997；Daly & Tomkins,1995；John et al.,2006
Ming Emperor	易感Susceptible	西澳大利亚州Western Australia	Daly & Tomkins,1995；John et al.,2006
Kasumi II	高抗Highly resistant	西澳大利亚州Western Australia	Dimsey & Bairnsdale,1997；Daly & Tomkins,1995；John et al.,2006
Ohken 75	高抗Highly resistant	加拿大安大略省Ontario，Canada	Warner et al.,2003,2004
Akala	高抗Highly resistant	加拿大安大略省Ontario，Canada	Warner et al.,2003,2004
Spring Flavor	高抗Highly resistant	加拿大安大略省Ontario，Canada	Warner et al.,2003,2004
Yuki	高抗Highly resistant	加拿大安大略省Ontario，Canada	Daly & Tomkins,1995；Warner et al.,2003,2004
Kasumi	易感Susceptible	加拿大安大略省Ontario，Canada	Warner et al.,2003,2004
PSR4894	高抗Highly resistant	—	Cantwell & Kasmire.,2002
Treasure Island	高抗Highly resistant	—	Dimsey & Bairnsdale,1997；Daly & Tomkins,1995
Hong Kong	易感Susceptible	—	Dimsey & Bairnsdale,1997
WR 70 days	高抗Highly resistant	—	Daly & Tomkins,1995
RS1446	高抗Highly resistant	—	Daly & Tomkins,1995
China Pride	高抗Highly resistant	—	Daly & Tomkins,1995
RS1446	高抗Highly resistant	—	Daly & Tomkins,1995
Hector	高抗Highly resistant	—	Daly & Tomkins,1995

Research Advances on Black Speck in Chinese Cabbage

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