Establishment of Evaluation System and Screening of Resistant Sources for Fusarium Root Rot in Bottle Gourd Rootstock

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0433

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (6): 1793-1802.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0433

• Plant Protection • Previous Articles Next Articles

Establishment of Evaluation System and Screening of Resistant Sources for Fusarium Root Rot in Bottle Gourd Rootstock

LIU Jinqiu¹, WEI Xiaoqian², LIU Guang¹, ZHANG Man¹, YAO Xiefeng¹, LOU Lina¹, XU Jian¹, ZHU Lingli¹, HOU Qian¹, XU Jinhua¹^,^*()

¹ Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic & Improvement， Institute of Vegetable，Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Nanjing 210014， China
² Horticultural Science and Technology College of Suzhou Agricultural Vocational and Technical College， Suzhou， Jiangsu 215008， China

Received:2025-08-18 Revised:2026-03-09 Online:2026-06-24 Published:2026-06-24
Contact: XU Jinhua

Abstract

Abstract:

To establish a precise system for identifying root rot resistance in bottle gourd rootstocks and enable efficient screening and evaluation of disease-resistant resources. This study utilized a Fusarium oxysporum strain causing root rot along with resistant and susceptible bottle gourd rootstock germplasms as experimental materials. The research clarified the pathogen’s host specificity and investigated the effects of inoculation methods，spore suspension concentrations，and environmental temperatures on the efficacy of seedling-stage resistance identification. Results showed that the pathogen exhibited no obvious host specificity，as it could infect multiple cucurbit crops including watermelon，bottle gourd，pumpkin，and melon. Among the three resistance identification methods tested，the root-dipping hydroponic method was optimal，with significantly superior performance in terms of disease onset time，disease index stability，and repeatability compared to the root irrigation and stem base injection methods. Under the conditions of a conidial suspension concentration of 1.2 × 10⁷ spores · mL^-1 and an environmental temperature of 20-25  ℃，root rot resistance identification could be completed 14 days post-inoculation. Using this optimized system，resistance assessment of 51 bottle gourd rootstock germplasms/varieties yielded 6 highly-resistant germplasms and 2 highly-resistant cultivars.

Key words: cucurbits, bottle gourd, rootstock, Fusarium oxysporum, root rot, resistance identification

LIU Jinqiu, WEI Xiaoqian, LIU Guang, ZHANG Man, YAO Xiefeng, LOU Lina, XU Jian, ZHU Lingli, HOU Qian, XU Jinhua. Establishment of Evaluation System and Screening of Resistant Sources for Fusarium Root Rot in Bottle Gourd Rootstock[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(6): 1793-1802.

Figures/Tables 5

References 22

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浓度/（个 · mL^-1） Concentration	培养温度/℃ Cultivated temperature	浸根水培法Root soaking hydroponic		灌根法Root irrigation		茎基部注射法Stem base injection
浓度/（个 · mL^-1） Concentration	培养温度/℃ Cultivated temperature	病情指数 Disease index	抗病等级Disease resistance grade	病情指数 Disease index	抗病等级Disease resistance grade	病情指数 Disease index	抗病等级Disease resistance grade
1.0 × 10⁶	20	6.27 ± 3.64 a	HR	3.47 ± 1.21 a	HR	8.37 ± 3.64 a	HR
	25	4.17 ± 0.00 a	HR	3.47 ± 1.21 a	HR	8.37 ± 3.64 a	HR
	30	8.37 ± 3.64 a	HR	8.37 ± 3.64 a	HR	10.47 ± 0.00 a	HR
1.2 × 10⁷	20	4.17 ± 0.00 a	HR	3.47 ± 1.21 a	HR	6.27 ± 3.64 a	HR
	25	2.78 ± 1.21 a	HR	3.47 ± 1.21 a	HR	6.27 ± 3.64 a	HR
	30	8.37 ± 3.64 a	HR	8.37 ± 3.64 a	HR	10.47 ± 0.00 a	HR
1.0 × 10⁸	20	13.89 ± 1.20 a	R	14.58 ± 0.00 a	R	15.96 ± 1.21 a	R
	25	14.58 ± 0.00 a	R	15.96 ± 1.21 a	R	16.67 ± 0.00 a	R
	30	8.37 ± 3.64 b	HR	8.37 ± 3.64 b	HR	10.47 ± 0.00 b	HR

浓度/（个 · mL^-1） Concentration	培养温度/℃ Cultivated temperature	浸根水培法Root soaking hydroponic		灌根法Root irrigation		茎基部注射法Stem base injection
浓度/（个 · mL^-1） Concentration	培养温度/℃ Cultivated temperature	病情指数 Disease index	抗病等级Disease resistance grade	病情指数 Disease index	抗病等级Disease resistance grade	病情指数 Disease index	抗病等级Disease resistance grade
1.0 × 10⁶	20	6.27 ± 3.64 a	HR	3.47 ± 1.21 a	HR	8.37 ± 3.64 a	HR
	25	4.17 ± 0.00 a	HR	3.47 ± 1.21 a	HR	8.37 ± 3.64 a	HR
	30	8.37 ± 3.64 a	HR	8.37 ± 3.64 a	HR	10.47 ± 0.00 a	HR
1.2 × 10⁷	20	4.17 ± 0.00 a	HR	3.47 ± 1.21 a	HR	6.27 ± 3.64 a	HR
	25	2.78 ± 1.21 a	HR	3.47 ± 1.21 a	HR	6.27 ± 3.64 a	HR
	30	8.37 ± 3.64 a	HR	8.37 ± 3.64 a	HR	10.47 ± 0.00 a	HR
1.0 × 10⁸	20	13.89 ± 1.20 a	R	14.58 ± 0.00 a	R	15.96 ± 1.21 a	R
	25	14.58 ± 0.00 a	R	15.96 ± 1.21 a	R	16.67 ± 0.00 a	R
	30	8.37 ± 3.64 b	HR	8.37 ± 3.64 b	HR	10.47 ± 0.00 b	HR

浓度/（个 · mL^-1） Concentration	培养温度/℃ Cultivated temperature	浸根水培法Root soaking hydroponic		灌根法Root irrigation		茎基部注射法Stem base injection
浓度/（个 · mL^-1） Concentration	培养温度/℃ Cultivated temperature	病情指数 Disease index	抗病等级Disease resistance grade	病情指数 Disease index	抗病等级Disease resistance grade	病情指数 Disease index	抗病等级Disease resistance grade
1.0 × 10⁶	20	71.53 ± 2.41 a	S	67.36 ± 1.20 a	S	48.52 ± 2.33 a	MR
	25	66.67 ± 2.09 a	S	68.75 ± 0.00 a	S	47.13 ± 2.25 a	MR
	30	67.36 ± 3.18 a	S	47.13 ± 2.25 b	MR	49.91 ± 0.16 a	MR
1.2 × 10⁷	20	90.28 ± 1.21 a	HS	94.44 ± 1.20 a	HS	65.97 ± 1.21 a	S
	25	91.67 ± 20.9 a	HS	95.14 ± 1.20 a	HS	68.75 ± 0.00 a	S
	30	66.67 ± 2.09 b	S	68.06 ± 1.20 b	S	49.81 ± 0.16 b	MR
1.0 × 10⁸	20	91.67 ± 20.9 a	HS	96.53 ± 1.21 a	HS	72.22 ± 1.21 a	S
	25	95.14 ± 1.20 a	HS	97.22 ± 1.21 a	HS	72.92 ± 0.00 a	S
	30	68.75 ± 2.08 b	S	71.53 ± 2.41 b	S	49.72 ± 0.00 b	MR

浓度/（个 · mL^-1） Concentration	培养温度/℃ Cultivated temperature	浸根水培法Root soaking hydroponic		灌根法Root irrigation		茎基部注射法Stem base injection
浓度/（个 · mL^-1） Concentration	培养温度/℃ Cultivated temperature	病情指数 Disease index	抗病等级Disease resistance grade	病情指数 Disease index	抗病等级Disease resistance grade	病情指数 Disease index	抗病等级Disease resistance grade
1.0 × 10⁶	20	71.53 ± 2.41 a	S	67.36 ± 1.20 a	S	48.52 ± 2.33 a	MR
	25	66.67 ± 2.09 a	S	68.75 ± 0.00 a	S	47.13 ± 2.25 a	MR
	30	67.36 ± 3.18 a	S	47.13 ± 2.25 b	MR	49.91 ± 0.16 a	MR
1.2 × 10⁷	20	90.28 ± 1.21 a	HS	94.44 ± 1.20 a	HS	65.97 ± 1.21 a	S
	25	91.67 ± 20.9 a	HS	95.14 ± 1.20 a	HS	68.75 ± 0.00 a	S
	30	66.67 ± 2.09 b	S	68.06 ± 1.20 b	S	49.81 ± 0.16 b	MR
1.0 × 10⁸	20	91.67 ± 20.9 a	HS	96.53 ± 1.21 a	HS	72.22 ± 1.21 a	S
	25	95.14 ± 1.20 a	HS	97.22 ± 1.21 a	HS	72.92 ± 0.00 a	S
	30	68.75 ± 2.08 b	S	71.53 ± 2.41 b	S	49.72 ± 0.00 b	MR

编号 No.	来源 Source	材料 Material	世代 Generation	病情指数 Disease index	抗病等级 Disease resistance grade
1	江苏省农业科学院 Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences	BG-45	自交系Inbred line	68.75 ± 3.13	感病 Susceptible
2		BG-46	自交系Inbred line	92.71 ± 1.80	高感High susceptible
3		BG-47	自交系Inbred line	1.04 ± 1.81	高抗High resistance
4		BG-48	自交系Inbred line	5.21 ± 1.80	高抗High resistance
5		BG-49	自交系Inbred line	95.84 ± 1.81	高感High susceptible
6		BG-50	自交系Inbred line	66.67 ± 1.80	感病 Susceptible
7		BG-51	自交系Inbred line	1.04 ± 1.81	高抗High resistance
8		BG-52	自交系Inbred line	5.21 ± 1.80	高抗High resistance
9		BG-53	自交系Inbred line	94.79 ± 1.81	高感High susceptible
10		BG-54	自交系Inbred line	1.04 ± 1.81	高抗High resistance
11		BG-55-2	自交系Inbred line	14.59 ± 1.81	抗病Resistance
12		BG-56	自交系Inbred line	95.84 ± 1.81	高感High susceptible
13		BG-57	自交系Inbred line	85.42 ± 1.80	高感High susceptible
14		BG-58	自交系Inbred line	88.54 ± 1.81	高感High susceptible
15		BG-59	自交系Inbred line	66.67 ± 1.80	感病 Susceptible
16		BG-60	自交系Inbred line	19.79 ± 1.81	抗病Resistance
17		BG-61	自交系Inbred line	70.84 ± 1.81	感病 Susceptible
18		BG-62	自交系Inbred line	16.67 ± 1.80	抗病Resistance
19		BG-63	自交系Inbred line	69.79 ± 1.81	感病 Susceptible
20		BG-64	自交系Inbred line	80.21 ± 1.80	高感High susceptible
21		BG-65	自交系Inbred line	79.17 ± 1.80	高感High susceptible
22		BG-66	自交系Inbred line	94.79 ± 1.81	高感High susceptible
23		BG-67	自交系Inbred line	90.63 ± 0.00	高感High susceptible
24		BG-68	自交系Inbred line	61.46 ± 1.80	感病 Susceptible
25		BG-70	自交系Inbred line	57.29 ± 1.81	感病 Susceptible
26		BG-71	自交系Inbred line	66.67 ± 3.61	感病 Susceptible
27		BG-72	自交系Inbred line	20.84 ± 1.81	抗病Resistance
28		BG-74	自交系Inbred line	20.84 ± 1.81	抗病Resistance
29		BG-75	自交系Inbred line	70.84 ± 1.81	感病 Susceptible
30		BG-76	自交系Inbred line	67.71 ± 1.80	感病 Susceptible
31		BG-77	自交系Inbred line	60.42 ± 1.80	感病 Susceptible
32		BG-78	自交系Inbred line	91.67 ± 1.80	高感High susceptible
33		BG-79	自交系Inbred line	92.71 ± 1.80	高感High susceptible
34		BG-80-2	自交系Inbred line	87.50 ± 0.00	高感High susceptible
35	江苏省农业科学院 Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences	BG-81	自交系Inbred line	5.21 ± 1.80	高抗High resistance
36		BG-83	自交系Inbred line	85.42 ± 1.80	高感High susceptible
37		BG-84-2	自交系Inbred line	69.79 ± 1.81	感病 Susceptible
38		BG-111	自交系Inbred line	88.54 ± 1.81	高感High susceptible
39		BG-112	自交系Inbred line	95.84 ± 1.81	高感High susceptible
40	江苏省农业科学院 Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences	BG-113	自交系Inbred line	68.75 ± 0.00	感病 Susceptible
41	江苏省农业科学院 Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences	BG-114	自交系Inbred line	92.71 ± 3.61	高感High susceptible
42	米可多（公司）MIKADO	相生Xiangsheng	杂交种Hybird	96.88 ± 0.00	高感High susceptible
43	米可多（公司）MIKADO	FR不死鸟FR Businiao	杂交种Hybird	54.17 ± 1.80	感病 Susceptible
44	郑州果树研究所 Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute	超丰F₁ Chaofeng F₁	杂交种Hybird	41.67 ± 1.80	中抗Middle resistance
45	郑州果树研究所 Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute	超丰抗生王Kangshengwang	杂交种Hybird	3.13 ± 0.00	高抗High resistance
46	先正达（公司）Syngenta AG	强根Qianggen	杂交种Hybird	70.84 ± 1.81	感病 Susceptible
47	京研益农（公司）Jingyan Yinong	京欣砧1号Jingxinzhen 1	杂交种Hybird	36.46 ± 1.80	中抗Middle resistance
48	江苏省农业科学院 Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences	苏砧1号Suzhen 1	杂交种Hybird	17.71 ± 1.80	抗病Resistance
49	江苏省农业科学院 Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences	苏砧3号Suzhen 3	杂交种Hybird	45.84 ± 1.81	中抗Middle resistance
50	宁波市农业科学院 Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences	^a甬砧1号Yongzhen 1	杂交种Hybird	7.29 ± 1.81	高抗High resistance
51	宁波市农业科学院 Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences	甬砧5号Yongzhen 5	杂交种Hybird	36.46 ± 1.80	中抗Middle resistance

Establishment of Evaluation System and Screening of Resistant Sources for Fusarium Root Rot in Bottle Gourd Rootstock

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[2]	JIANG Yan, NI Zhangguang, LUO Xinping, ZHANG Cuixian, CHEN Yufu, XIE Dehong, ZHANG Yong, YI Huaifeng, BAI Tianqi, YANG Linyuan, WANG Tieyun, ZHAO Aiqiu, WANG Meicun. The Elite Family of New Mango Cultivar‘Dongfei’as Rootstock [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(S1): 103-104.
[3]	YU Jiangtao, YE Xialin, LI Haozhen, KANG Qingxuan, YU Xinyi, QU Shenchun. Research on Grafting Compatibility Between of Taishuu Persimmon on Suzhen 1 and Other Rootstocks [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(6): 1709-1721.
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[5]	YANG Jiani, MA Qiaonü, GU Xin, JIANG Tong, SU Xiaofen. Screening of Biocontrol Bacteria Against Fusarium Wilt in Watermelon and Study on Their Biocontrol Mechanisms [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(5): 1521-1534.
[6]	REN Jiaxuan, ZHANG Fan, WANG Chenbing. Identification of the Peach SAP Gene Family and Alleviative Response in Rootstocks Under Abiotic Stress [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(3): 635-652.
[7]	ZHANG Jiaqi, DONG Lihong, FU Yifan, WANG Peipei, GUO Qinggang, MA Ping. Establishment of a TaqMan Real-Time Fluorescence Quantitative PCR Detection Method for Strawberry Root Rot Pathogen Dactylonectria spp. [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(3): 857-866.
[8]	LIU Chenwei, WANG Fan, BIAN Xiaochun, XU Renchao, LU Hongchen, WU Chunfang. Identification of Talaromyces Against Broad Bean Root Rot and Its Disease-Resistant and Growth-Promoting Effects [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(1): 244-256.
[9]	ZHANG Junpei, MENG Bingnan, XU Huzhi, GUO Zhimin, XU Huimin, PEI Dong. A New Walnut Rootstock Cultivar‘Zhongningyi’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(S2): 65-66.
[10]	XIONG Zili, SU Shiwen, SHI Jianlei, ZHANG Haili, ZAI Wenshan, CUI Lili. A New Tomato Rootstock Cultivar‘Ouzhen 1’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(S2): 137-138.
[11]	SHUAI Zhengbin, GUO Jianghong, CHAI Dan, XIAN Bengang. A New Luffa Cultivar‘Rongzhen 4’on Balsam Pear Rootstock [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(S2): 169-170.
[12]	HU Aishuang, GUO Wenjing, XING Chunqiang, MENG Jie, SONG Shuang, YAO Yutao, LI Xiaoxue, SUN Yu, WANG Wencheng. A New Salt-Tolerant Malus Crabapple Cultivar‘Yanxing’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(S1): 11-12.
[13]	ZHANG Ruifen, ZHANG Cuiling, LIU Zhizhou, WANG Zhengxin, LIU Fangxin, YIN Tao, WANG Nannan, JIANG Lin. A New Cultivar of Prunus sogdiana‘Huazhen 1’Used as Peach Rootstock [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(S1): 33-34.
[14]	CAI Yuliang, YIN Xin, SHAN Dongqian, WAN Tian, LI Baoyan, AN Feng. A New Cherry Dwarf Rootstock Cultivar‘Mahaleb CDR-2’ [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(S1): 43-44.
[15]	WU Zhuangsheng, LI Xueqiao, WANG Xiaojuan, LIAO Daolong, FENG Hongyu, WU Yueyan, GAO Fanghua, CHEN Yisong. A New Eggplant Rootstock Cultivar‘Nanqiezhen 5’with High Resistance to Bacterial Wilt [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(S1): 107-108.