Change of Sugar in Grafted Tomato Fruit and Correlation Analysis with Nitrogen and Phosphorus Content

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0850

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (2): 361-371.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0850

• Cultivation·Physiology&Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

Change of Sugar in Grafted Tomato Fruit and Correlation Analysis with Nitrogen and Phosphorus Content

WANG Lei¹^,², GAO Fangsheng³, ZHANG Zhihuan⁴, LI Weiqiang⁵, CAO Bili²^,^*(), XU Kun²

¹ College of Life Science，Dezhou University，Dezhou，Shandong 253035，China
² College of Horticultural Science and Engineering，Shandong Agricultural University，Tai’an，Shandong 271018，China
³ College of Ecology，Resources and Environment，Dezhou University，Dezhou，Shandong 253035，China
⁴ Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Science，Qingdao，Shandong 266000，China
⁵ Shandong Agricultural Technology Promotion Center，Jinan 250013，China

Received:2023-10-27 Revised:2023-12-20 Online:2024-02-25 Published:2024-02-26
Contact: CAO Bili

Abstract

Abstract:

The changes of sugar content，sucrose metabolism related enzyme activities and mineral elements in tomato fruits at different developmental stages were studied. Red fruit tomato‘Davis’(Dv) and pink fruit tomato‘Rolla’(La) were used as scions，and tomato‘Anta-T’(At) and‘Midako’(Md) were used as rootstocks. Regulation of the content of fructose，glucose and sucrose by scion and rootstock in tomato fruits at different developmental stages were found，and there was a significant interaction between scion and rootstock. At 30 d after flowering，sucrose content in fruit of Dv/At was 8.06% higher than that of Dv/Md，but there was no significant difference between La/At and La/Md. Meanwhile fructose content (16.44 mg · g^-1FW) in Dv/Md was 20.66% lower than Dv/Dv at 110 d after flowering，but there was no significant difference between La/Md and La/La. The difference of sugar content in tomato fruit with different grafting combinations was closely related to the activity of sucrose metabolic enzyme. The difference of sugar content in the early stage of fruit development of grafted tomato was mainly regulated the activity of acid invertase (AI) by scion in fruit. The difference in sugar content at late development stage was mainly due to the influence of rootstock on the activity of sucrose phosphate synthetase (SPS) and neutral invertase (NI). At the same time，nitrogen (N)，phosphorus (P)，potassium (K)，calcium (Ca)，magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) in tomato fruits with different grafting combinations were significantly different. Curve estimation analysis showed that N and P content in fruit were significantly negatively correlated with invertase activity (AI and NI)，fructose and glucose，and significantly positively correlated with sucrose content. Therefore，in the process of tomato grafting to promote the quality and yield of tomato，the management of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients after grafting should be coordinated with the absorption characteristics of rootstocks，so as to avoid the decrease of sugar content and flavor of tomato fruits caused by increase of nitrogen and phosphorus absorption.

Key words: tomato, rootstock, scion, sugar accumulation, nitrogen and phosphorus

WANG Lei, GAO Fangsheng, ZHANG Zhihuan, LI Weiqiang, CAO Bili, XU Kun. Change of Sugar in Grafted Tomato Fruit and Correlation Analysis with Nitrogen and Phosphorus Content[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(2): 361-371.

Figures/Tables 9

References 38

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穗/砧 Scion/ Rootstock	果糖/（mg · g^-1FW） Fructose			葡萄糖/（mg · g^-1FW） Glucose			蔗糖/（mg · g^-1FW） Sucrose
穗/砧 Scion/ Rootstock	30 d	70 d	110 d	30 d	70 d	110 d	30 d	70 d	110 d
Dv/At	14.89 ± 1.12 a	14.37 ± 0.37 c	19.46 ± 0.65 c	20.71 ± 1.02 a	21.11 ± 0.84 b	22.58 ± 1.26 b	14.74 ± 0.42 a	8.04 ± 0.10 b	0.93 ± 0.11 e
Dv/Md	9.68 ± 0.26 c	16.23 ± 0.20 c	16.44 ± 0.85 d	15.61 ± 1.50 b	19.28 ± 0.20 c	25.37 ± 0.74 a	13.64 ± 0.51 b	9.48 ± 0.13 a	1.76 ± 0.12 d
Dv/Dv	11.72 ± 0.72 b	17.20 ± 0.15 b	20.72 ± 0.52 b	13.84 ± 0.20 c	24.27 ± 0.64 a	22.56 ± 0.87 b	10.53 ± 0.12 d	6.67 ± 0.20 c	2.76 ± 0.33 c
La/At	9.41 ± 0.21 c	12.45 ± 0.13 e	22.23 ± 1.10 a	15.87 ± 1.43 b	16.88 ± 0.82 d	21.92 ± 1.23 c	12.01 ± 0.38 c	5.86 ± 0.12 d	1.58 ± 0.14 d
La/Md	11.34 ± 0.50 b	15.42 ± 0.59 d	19.77 ± 0.65 c	16.42 ± 1.01 b	18.71 ± 0.64 c	17.53 ± 1.05 d	12.39 ± 0.16 c	6.90 ± 0.58 c	3.99 ± 0.23 b
La/La	7.34 ± 0.62 d	18.59 ± 0.48 a	19.83 ± 0.51 c	12.99 ± 0.70 c	21.75 ± 1.34 b	21.53 ± 1.25 c	10.86 ± 0.14 d	8.06 ± 0.31 b	4.83 ± 0.19 a
方差分析Variance analysis
接穗S	**	**	**	**	**	**	**	**	**
砧木R	**	**	**	**	**	ns	**	**	**
穗 × 砧 S × R	**	**	**	**	**	**	**	**	**

穗/砧 Scion/ Rootstock	果糖/（mg · g^-1FW） Fructose			葡萄糖/（mg · g^-1FW） Glucose			蔗糖/（mg · g^-1FW） Sucrose
穗/砧 Scion/ Rootstock	30 d	70 d	110 d	30 d	70 d	110 d	30 d	70 d	110 d
Dv/At	14.89 ± 1.12 a	14.37 ± 0.37 c	19.46 ± 0.65 c	20.71 ± 1.02 a	21.11 ± 0.84 b	22.58 ± 1.26 b	14.74 ± 0.42 a	8.04 ± 0.10 b	0.93 ± 0.11 e
Dv/Md	9.68 ± 0.26 c	16.23 ± 0.20 c	16.44 ± 0.85 d	15.61 ± 1.50 b	19.28 ± 0.20 c	25.37 ± 0.74 a	13.64 ± 0.51 b	9.48 ± 0.13 a	1.76 ± 0.12 d
Dv/Dv	11.72 ± 0.72 b	17.20 ± 0.15 b	20.72 ± 0.52 b	13.84 ± 0.20 c	24.27 ± 0.64 a	22.56 ± 0.87 b	10.53 ± 0.12 d	6.67 ± 0.20 c	2.76 ± 0.33 c
La/At	9.41 ± 0.21 c	12.45 ± 0.13 e	22.23 ± 1.10 a	15.87 ± 1.43 b	16.88 ± 0.82 d	21.92 ± 1.23 c	12.01 ± 0.38 c	5.86 ± 0.12 d	1.58 ± 0.14 d
La/Md	11.34 ± 0.50 b	15.42 ± 0.59 d	19.77 ± 0.65 c	16.42 ± 1.01 b	18.71 ± 0.64 c	17.53 ± 1.05 d	12.39 ± 0.16 c	6.90 ± 0.58 c	3.99 ± 0.23 b
La/La	7.34 ± 0.62 d	18.59 ± 0.48 a	19.83 ± 0.51 c	12.99 ± 0.70 c	21.75 ± 1.34 b	21.53 ± 1.25 c	10.86 ± 0.14 d	8.06 ± 0.31 b	4.83 ± 0.19 a
方差分析Variance analysis
接穗S	**	**	**	**	**	**	**	**	**
砧木R	**	**	**	**	**	ns	**	**	**
穗 × 砧 S × R	**	**	**	**	**	**	**	**	**

穗/砧 Scion/Rootstock	SS/（μmol · h^-1· g^-1FW）			SPS/（μmol · h^-1· g^-1FW）
穗/砧 Scion/Rootstock	30 d	70 d	110 d	30 d	70 d	110 d
Dv/At	7.52 ± 0.99 ab	12.01 ± 0.13 ab	12.94 ± 3.75 a	9.05 ± 0.25 a	11.83 ± 0.67 b	10.11 ± 0.43 bc
Dv/Md	8.87 ± 1.33 ab	10.07 ± 1.55 b	11.77 ± 0.98 a	9.35 ± 0.05 a	10.50 ± 0.17 c	11.37 ± 0.86 b
Dv/Dv	7.24 ± 0.02 b	11.73 ± 0.49 b	9.37 ± 0.33 b	7.53 ± 0.87 c	10.46 ± 1.39 c	8.48 ± 1.45 cd
La/At	8.93 ± 0.54 ab	9.82 ± 0.80 b	9.42 ± 1.36 b	8.89 ± 0.31 a	10.88 ± 0.10 bc	9.02 ± 0.72 cd
La/Md	7.98 ± 1.25 ab	11.53 ± 1.89 b	11.92 ± 0.20 a	8.13 ± 0.92 bc	10.48 ± 1.27 c	7.84 ± 0.89 d
La/La	9.32 ± 0.19 a	13.96 ± 1.85 a	11.03 ± 1.12 ab	8.73 ± 0.48 ab	13.79 ± 0.08 a	17.06 ± 1.34 a
方差分析Variance analysis
接穗Scion	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	*
砧木Rootstock	ns	*	ns	ns	*	**
穗 × 砧S × R	*	*	**	*	**	**

穗/砧 Scion/Rootstock	SS/（μmol · h^-1· g^-1FW）			SPS/（μmol · h^-1· g^-1FW）
穗/砧 Scion/Rootstock	30 d	70 d	110 d	30 d	70 d	110 d
Dv/At	7.52 ± 0.99 ab	12.01 ± 0.13 ab	12.94 ± 3.75 a	9.05 ± 0.25 a	11.83 ± 0.67 b	10.11 ± 0.43 bc
Dv/Md	8.87 ± 1.33 ab	10.07 ± 1.55 b	11.77 ± 0.98 a	9.35 ± 0.05 a	10.50 ± 0.17 c	11.37 ± 0.86 b
Dv/Dv	7.24 ± 0.02 b	11.73 ± 0.49 b	9.37 ± 0.33 b	7.53 ± 0.87 c	10.46 ± 1.39 c	8.48 ± 1.45 cd
La/At	8.93 ± 0.54 ab	9.82 ± 0.80 b	9.42 ± 1.36 b	8.89 ± 0.31 a	10.88 ± 0.10 bc	9.02 ± 0.72 cd
La/Md	7.98 ± 1.25 ab	11.53 ± 1.89 b	11.92 ± 0.20 a	8.13 ± 0.92 bc	10.48 ± 1.27 c	7.84 ± 0.89 d
La/La	9.32 ± 0.19 a	13.96 ± 1.85 a	11.03 ± 1.12 ab	8.73 ± 0.48 ab	13.79 ± 0.08 a	17.06 ± 1.34 a
方差分析Variance analysis
接穗Scion	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	*
砧木Rootstock	ns	*	ns	ns	*	**
穗 × 砧S × R	*	*	**	*	**	**

穗/砧 Scion/Rootstock	NI/（μmol · h^-1· g^{- 1}FW）			AI/（μmol · h^-1· g^-1FW）
穗/砧 Scion/Rootstock	30 d	70 d	110 d	30 d	70 d	110 d
Dv/At	29.78 ± 2.75 ab	30.35 ± 1.55 bc	49.35 ± 2.18 bc	25.29 ± 1.30 d	32.79 ± 2.88 c	264.52 ± 16.02 bc
Dv/Md	26.66 ± 3.00 b	32.42 ± 1.05 ab	63.87 ± 0.34 a	29.77 ± 2.29 c	34.22 ± 2.60 c	266.83 ± 13.71 bc
Dv/Dv	29.65 ± 1.39 ab	30.31 ± 2.57 bc	66.89 ± 3.17 a	32.06 ± 2.60 c	27.39 ± 2.60 d	295.63 ± 18.05 a
La/At	34.22 ± 2.88 a	27.04 ± 1.19 c	52.84 ± 3.25 b	41.63 ± 3.23 a	35.32 ± 0.91 bc	273.46 ± 18.11 ab
La/Md	26.51 ± 2.50 b	30.96 ± 2.31 b	45.04 ± 1.30 c	37.15 ± 0.66 b	39.82 ± 2.40 b	289.43 ± 3.92 ab
La/La	30.36 ± 2.57 ab	34.77 ± 0.86 a	52.08 ± 2.66 b	40.77 ± 2.93 ab	44.40 ± 2.00 a	247.23 ± 5.90 c
方差分析Variance analysis
接穗Scion	ns	ns	**	**	**	ns
砧木Rootstock	*	**	**	ns	ns	ns
穗 × 砧S × R	ns	**	**	*	**	*

Change of Sugar in Grafted Tomato Fruit and Correlation Analysis with Nitrogen and Phosphorus Content

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穗/砧Scion/ Rootstock	N/（mg · g^-1）			P/（mg · g^-1）			K/（mg · g^-1）
穗/砧Scion/ Rootstock	30 d	70 d	110 d	30 d	70 d	110 d	30 d	70 d	110 d
Dv/At	49.67 ± 2.28 c	51.59 ± 2.76 b	51.11 ± 1.00 a	8.81 ± 0.25 b	8.99 ± 0.30 a	5.60 ± 0.05 c	66.41 ± 1.85 e	150.75 ± 6.97 a	54.56 ± 0.97 e
Dv/Md	50.20 ± 1.64 c	58.88 ± 2.12 a	46.81 ± 0.50 c	8.99 ± 0.26 b	9.21 ± 0.12 a	6.76 ± 0.05 a	90.53 ± 3.30 d	137.51 ± 4.88 b	62.93 ± 1.99 d
Dv/Dv	65.68 ± 0.15 a	59.32 ± 2.11 a	34.61 ± 1.40 e	10.47 ± 0.13 a	7.91 ± 0.28 b	6.35 ± 0.02 b	122.18 ± 4.61 a	115.20 ± 5.82 c	69.90 ± 2.98 c
La/At	56.38 ± 0.90 b	56.59 ± 1.86 a	33.69 ± 0.50 e	8.57 ± 0.29 b	8.23 ± 0.22 b	6.19 ± 0.04 b	98.84 ± 4.39 c	85.23 ± 2.31 d	69.93 ± 0.45 c
La/Md	62.11 ± 3.57 a	55.33 ± 1.14 ab	43.59 ± 3.10 d	10.39 ± 0.27 a	9.02 ± 0.27 a	6.58 ± 0.03 a	107.54 ± 4.85 b	63.62 ± 2.09 e	104.75 ± 1.85 a
La/La	56.47 ± 3.02 b	55.61 ± 2.41 ab	49.15 ± 2.05 b	10.01 ± 0.01 a	8.06 ± 0.23 b	6.73 ± 0.03 a	103.36 ± 3.28 bc	57.35 ± 4.76 f	93.60 ± 2.20 b
方差分析Variance analysis
接穗S	*	ns	*	ns	*	**	**	**	**
砧木R	**	*	*	**	**	**	**	**	**
穗 × 砧 S × R	**	**	**	**	*	**	**	*	**

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