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园艺学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (1): 11-22.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0040

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

膨大期干旱对温州蜜柑品质形成的影响及复水后树体水分吸收转运规律

周铁1, 潘斌2, 李菲菲3, 马小川1, 汤孟婧1, 廉雪菲1, 常媛媛1, 陈岳文1, 卢晓鹏1,*()   

  1. 1湖南农业大学园艺学院,国家柑橘改良中心长沙分中心,长沙 410128
    2怀化职业技术学院,湖南怀化 418000
    3湖南省科学院园艺研究所,长沙 410128
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-10 修回日期:2021-12-14 出版日期:2022-01-25 发布日期:2022-01-24
  • 通讯作者: 卢晓鹏 E-mail:x1678@hunau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31872044);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-26)

Effects of Drought Stress at Enlargement Stage on Fruit Quality Formation of Satsuma Mandarin and the Law of Water Absorption and Transportation in Tree After Re-watering

ZHOU Tie1, PAN Bin2, LI Feifei3, MA Xiaochuan1, TANG Mengjing1, LIAN Xuefei1, CHANG Yuanyuan1, CHEN Yuewen1, LU Xiaopeng1,*()   

  1. 1National Center of Citrus Improvement Changsha,College of Horticulture and Landscape,Hunan Agriculture University,Changsha 410128,China
    2Huaihua Vocational and Technical College,Huaihua,Hunan 418000
    3Hunan Horticultural Research Institute,Changsha 410128,China
  • Received:2021-06-10 Revised:2021-12-14 Online:2022-01-25 Published:2022-01-24
  • Contact: LU Xiaopeng E-mail:x1678@hunau.edu.cn

摘要:

以温州蜜柑膨大期果实为材料,设置基质相对含水量为40%、30%和20%的3个胁迫处理,研究干旱对果实品质形成特点和柠檬酸调控相关转录因子表达模式变化;利用氘水(D2O)示踪法明确柑橘干旱复水后的水分吸收运输和分配规律。温州蜜柑果实膨大期干旱严重抑制果实外在品质的形成,干旱胁迫10 d后,果实横径、纵径、单果质量均显著下降,40 d时各处理横、纵径较对照减少18.33% ~ 23.82%,单果质量降低45.17% ~ 48.67%,各干旱处理间无显著差异。各处理干旱胁迫40 d时果实可溶性固形物显著增加47.7% ~ 59.3%,果糖升高63.25% ~ 78.77%,但蔗糖和葡萄糖增量不大,处理间糖组分差异不大。对照果实柠檬酸含量随生长发育逐渐递减,但干旱胁迫20 d后果实中柠檬酸含量显著上升,最高约为对照的2倍,苹果酸显著高于对照14.70% ~ 33.82%,干旱处理间酸组分含量差异不大。干旱胁迫下,调控柠檬酸积累的转录因子基因CitPH3WRKY)、CitPH4MYB)和CitAN1bHLH)表达量显著上调。复水后,温州蜜柑根系在4 ~ 8 h迅速吸水,主茎和多年生茎内的D2O含量在24 h达到最高,果实在24 ~ 48 h吸水量趋于稳定。本试验中,干旱持续时长对果实品质形成的影响较大,干旱程度影响较小;干旱胁迫下CitPH3CitPH4、和CitAN1上调表达促进了柠檬酸积累,可能是导致柑橘果实酸化的重要原因;果实膨大期持续干旱后,需维持24 ~ 48 h土壤湿润水分才能较大量运达果实。

关键词: 柑橘, 果实膨大期, 干旱, 果实品质, 基因表达, 水分转运, 复水, D2O

Abstract:

Using Satsuma mandarin fruits at enlargement stage as the material,three stress treatments with the substrate relative water content 40%,30% and 20% were set. Afterward,fruit quality changes and expression patterns of transcription factors regulating citrate accumulation were studied under drought conditions. Using deuterium water(D2O)tracer method,the law of water transportation and distribution in citrus tree after re-watering could be cleared. Drought stress at fruit enlargement stage inhibited fruit growth and fruit size severely. After ten days drought stress,fruit transverse diameter,longitudinal diameter and single fruit weight decreased significantly. After constant drought for 40 days,fruit diameter in treatment groups decreased by 18.33% to 23.82% comparing to the control nd single fruit weight decreased by 45.17% to 48.67%. No significant difference was found in fruit size between different drought-treatment groups. After 40 days of drought stress in each treatment,fruit total solid soluble increased significantly by 47.7% to 59.3% and fructose increased drastically by 63.25% to 78.77%,but sucrose and glucose in fruit did not change. No significant difference was found in fruit sugar components between different drought-treatment groups. Citrate content in control fruits decreased gradually with fruit development,but that increased significantly after 20 days drought stress with 1 fold higher to control at the peak. Fruit malate content was higher than that in control by 14.70% to 33.82% after drought stress. No significant difference was found in fruit acid components between different drought-treatment groups. Transcription factors CitPH3WRKY),CitPH4MYB)and CitAN1bHLH)which regulate citrate accumulaiton in citrus fruit expressed with up-regulation under drought stress. After rehydration,citrus roots absorbed water quickly in four to eight hours. Deuterium water content in main stems and perennial stems reached the highest in 24 hours. The water absorption of the fruit tended to be stable during 24 to 48 hours. In this experiment,drought duration affects fruit quality significantly while drought degree does slightly. The up-regulated expression of CitPH3,CitPH4,and CitAN1 under drought stress promotes the accumulation of citric acid,which may be an important reason for the acidification of citrus fruits. Orchard soil being moist for 24 to 48 hours after continuous drought is necessary for water reaching fruit massly.

Key words: citrus, fruit enlargement stage, drought, fruit quality, gene expression, water transportation, re-watering, D2O

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