Genetic & Breeding · Germplasm Resources · Molecular Biology

• Identification and Expressional Analysis of MGT Gene Family in Prunus persica
• ZHOU Ping, YAN Shaobin, GUO Rui, and JIN Guang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 463-478. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0056
• Abstract ( 252 ) HTML ( 235 ) PDF (5378KB) ( 235 ) 　　　
• To investigate the roles of magnesium transporters（MGTs）in magnesium transportation，the genome-wide identification of peach（Prunus persica）MGTs（PpMGTs）was performed and their effects in exogenous magnesium application on peach tree were studied. A total of eight PpMGTs，which were unevenly distributed in four chromosomes（Chr1，Chr3，Chr6 and Chr8），were identified based on protein homology searches and conserved domain analyses. System evolution analysis results suggested that plant MGTs could be grouped into five different clades which show quantitative differences in species-specific MGTs. PpMGTs had 4–13 exons，ten conserved motifs in protein sequence，and diverse cis-elements of stress response，transcriptional regulation，circadian rhythm，phytohormone response and developmental growth in their upstream promoters. All PpMGTs were transcribed in flowers，fruits，leaves and roots with their unique tissue specific expression pattern. The distinct transcriptional changes of PpMGTs could be observed after exogenous magnesium spraying. Differentially expressed genes found before and after exogenous magnesium application were discrepant in peach leaves and peels，but some of them were commonly involved in the photosynthesis pathway. The transcriptional profile and correlation analysis results suggested that expressional changes of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein complex genes were positively corelated with transcriptional levels of PpMGT4，PpMGT6 and PpMGT8. Heterologous expression of PpMGT4，PpMGT6 and PpMGT8 were able to rescue growth defects of magnesium transport mutant MM281（Salmonella typhimurium mutant），suggesting these three proteins were serving important magnesium transport functions. Thus，the results from sequence characteristics，expressional profiles and exogenous magnesium application showed that PpMGTs had potential functional diversity and synergistic effects in magnesium transport and utilization. The expressional changes of PpMGT4，PpMGT6 and PpMGT8 may associate with exogenous magnesium intake and magnesium utilization.
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• CclSAUR49 Affects Growth and Limonoids Metabolism in Citrus
• YI Qian, ZHANG Manman, WANG Xiaoli, FENG Jipeng, ZHU Shiping, WANG Fusheng, and ZHAO Xiaochun
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 479-494. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0117
• Abstract ( 111 ) HTML ( 119 ) PDF (2428KB) ( 119 ) 　　　
• SAUR（Small auxin up-regulated RNA） is a plant-specific early auxin response gene. In order to study the function of CclSAUR49 in regulating limonoid metabolism in citrus，six CclSAUR49 overexpression plants（OE1–OE6）and two RNA interference plants（Ri1 and Ri2）were generated through genetic transformation with epicotyl of Poncirus trifoliata Raf. The growth performance of transgenic and wild type plants was observed and compared. The epidermal microstructure and tissue structure of leaves were observed by electron microscopy and semi-thin sections，respectively. The contents of auxin and limonoids in the leaves were also detected. The morphological performance of the six overexpression plants was different. Compared with the wild type，the shoot length of OE2 increased by 23.21%，the number of internodes increased，and the leaf length increased by 17.97%. The branch growth of two RNA interference expression plants（Ri1 and Ri2）was less than 23.95% and 46.82%. The main leaf vein diameter of 2/3 overexpression plants increased，while Ri2 decreased. The expressions level of CclSAUR49 in the leaves of six overexpression plants were significantly up-regulated，which was 2.47–73.29 times of the wild type. The expression of CclSAUR49 in the leaves of two RNA interference expression plants were significantly inhibited，and the expression levels were 22.66% and 47.22% of the wild type. The expression level of CclSAUR49 in the leaves of transgenic plants was significantly positively correlated with its auxin content，and was significantly positively correlated with the expression levels of auxin biosynthesis（YUC6 and YUC10），transport（PIN3）and signal transduction（CiARF7 and CiARF9）genes in the transgenic plants. The content of limonoids in the leaves of four overexpression plants decreased，and the content of limonoids in the leaves of one RNA interference expression plant（Ri1）increased significantly. In the RNA interference expression plants，the content of limonoids was significantly negatively correlated with the content of auxin. The above results indicate that CclSAUR49 can promote the growth and development of citrus plants，and regulate the auxin level in plant tissues by affecting the expression of genes in auxin biosynthesis，transport and signal transduction pathways，thereby affecting the metabolism of limonoids.
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• Cloning and Functional Analysis of Pineapple AcZFP1 Gene Under Low Temperature Stress
• LUO Jiandong, QIU Mengqing, ZHOU Huimin, XIE Weiwei, Huang Haixin, LIU Jieqi, ZHANG Zimin, XU Jian, CHEN Chengjie, HE Yehua, and LIU Chaoyang,
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 495-508. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0089
• Abstract ( 121 ) HTML ( 133 ) PDF (3415KB) ( 133 ) 　　　
• In this study，a C2H2 zinc finger proteins gene，named AcZFP1，was obtained from ‘Shenwan’pineapple. The open reading frame of AcZFP1 was 816 bp，which encoded 271 amino acids，and contained two typical zinc finger protein domains. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that AcZFP1 shared the closest relationship with OsZFP252 and OsMSR15. Gene expression pattern analysis showed that AcZFP1 could be induced by several kinds of stress and hormonal treatment like cold，NaCl，PEG，ABA，SA and MeJA. Subcellular localization assays showed that AcZFP1 located in the nucleus. The AcZFP1-overexpressing（OE）Arabidopsis lines have higher survival rate and Fv/Fm under low temperature stress compared to wild type Arabidopsis. Moreover，the OE lines also showed higher level of soluble protein content，higher activity of superoxide dismutase（SOD）and peroxidase（POD），lower level of malondialdehyde（MDA）content. Further qRT-PCR analysis indicated that AcZFP1 could promote the expression of four typical Arabidopsis endogenous cold-responsive genes such as AtRD29A and AtCOR47，and play a positive regulatory role in low temperature stress.
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• Creation of Self-compatible Broccoli Lines by Knocking out BoSP11 Gene Through CRISPR/Cas9 Technology
• MA Cunfa, WU Ting, ZHAO Hui, ZHANG Tianpei, ZHAO Lijian, YU Yonghui, XIAO Jiancheng, LI Jun, and WU Shuiqin,
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 509-519. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0065
• Abstract ( 96 ) HTML ( 111 ) PDF (4056KB) ( 111 ) 　　　
• By using CRISPR/Cas9 technology to knock out SRK gene or SP11 gene，the self- incompatible Brassica oleracea vegetables can be directly transformed into self-compatible materials. In this study，a double target CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing vector was constructed based on the sequence of broccoli（Brassica oleracea var. italic）BoSP11 gene obtained by whole genome sequencing，and then used Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation to knock out the BoSP11 gene. The results showed that 23 of the 29 transgenic plants had gene mutation，and the editing efficiency was 79.3%. The results of TA clone sequencing showed that there were four homozygous mutations and 19 heterozygous mutations. The statistics of the seed setting of T0 generation of homozygous mutant plants showed that the self-compatibility index at flowering stage was as high as 6.82，which was the highest compatibility index increase reported so far. The T1 generation plants were pollinated by bees in the isolated greenhouses, and the average seed yield per plant was 24.8 g，which completely conducted the self-pollination of parent materials for seed production without any manual involvement.
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• Variation Characteristics of Insertion-Deletion（InDel）and Molecular Markers Development and Application in Eggplant Based on Whole Genome Re-sequencing Data
• YOU Yuanyuan, WANG Shuai, FANG Yingying, QI Cheng, LI Shupei, ZHANG Ying, CHEN Yuhui, LIU Wei, LIU Fuzhong, and SHU Jinshuai,
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 520-532. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-1176
• Abstract ( 103 ) HTML ( 86 ) PDF (1054KB) ( 86 ) 　　　
• Four high generation inbred lines of eggplant（Solanum melongena L.）were selected for whole genome re-sequencing，and 145 407 InDels were identified. The number of InDel on chromosome 12 was the least（7 752）and on chromosome 1 was the most（19 738）. There were 7 959 InDel with a length greater than 10 bp，and 144 InDels loci uniformly distributed on the genome were selected to be designed as InDel primers and verified. A total of 144 InDel primers were screened using 26 eggplant samples，63 primers showed stable polymorphism，and the polymorphism ratio was 43.75%. The main allele frequencies ranged from 0.4038 to 0.9808，with an average of 0.7659. Genetic diversity index（Hs）ranged from 0.0377 to 0.6501，with an average of 0.3217. The polymorphism information content（PIC）ranged from 0.0370 to 0.5750，with an average of 0.2663，and the PIC of 43 markers was greater than 0.200，indicating good polymorphism. When the genetic distance was 0.235，26 different types of eggplant materials were divided into two groups. The DNA fingerprints of 26 eggplant materials were constructed using the first ten InDel markers with high polymorphism information content. In addition，InDel markers with polymorphism among parents were selected for F1 generation authenticity identification of four hybrid combinations，and three real hybrids were identified. The results from purity test of four hybrid combinations from InDel markers matched well with those from field experiments.
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• Identification of Pepper CaSYT1 and Its Function in Phytophthora capsici Infection
• LIU Yanyan, DING Ying, LIU Xinghua, ZHENG Jiaqiu, and LIU Zhiqin,
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 533-544. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0113
• Abstract ( 66 ) HTML ( 58 ) PDF (2410KB) ( 58 ) 　　　
• In order to clarify whether the gene CaSYT1 encoding Synaptotagmin（SYT）protein in pepper may play an important role in pepper’s response to Phytophthora capsici infection. The expression pattern and function of CaSYT1 were preliminarily studied by protein conserved structure prediction，subcellular localization，P. capsici and exogenous hormone treatments，transient expression and virus-induced gene silencing. The results showed that CaSYT1 contained one transmembrane helix domain and two C2 domains，which were located to the plasma membrane. The transcript levels of CaSYT1 were induced by P. capsici infection and exogenous hormone SA，and the CaSYT1 promoter activities were activated and trigger the expression of downstream genes under P. capsici infection and exogenous SA treatment. The transient expression of CaSYT1 can induce the accumulation of H2O2 in pepper leaves and trigger obvious hypersensitive response（HR）-like cell death. CaSYT1 silencing enhanced pepper resistance to P. capsici infection，accompanied by up- regulated expression of resistance-related genes，including CaPR1，NPR1，and CaDEF1，suggesting CaSYT1 plays a negative regulatory role in pepper response to P. capsici infection. CaSYT1 transient expression can trigger H2O2 accumulation and cell death，indicating that CaSYT1 plays a negative regulatory role in pepper response to P. capsici infection in a manner independent of cell death and H2O2 accumulation.
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• Identification of SLAC Gene Family in Phyllostachys edulis and Characterization of PheSLAC1
• LIU Jinhong, WANG Zheng, YU Hao, XIN Yirui, QI Guoning, LIU Shenkui, and REN Huimin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 545-559. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0098
• Abstract ( 79 ) HTML ( 78 ) PDF (6634KB) ( 78 ) 　　　
• To investigate the function of slow anion channel（SLAC）protein of Phyllostachys edulis in response to drought stress，genes encoding slow anion channel proteins in moso bamboo genome were identified by TBtools software based on SLAC/SLAH genes from Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa，respectively. Phylogenetic relationship，conserved region and motif，and gene expression pattern were investigated. Moreover，the function of PheSLAC1 in response to drought stress was verified by transgenic method. There were 15 members in SLAC family in bamboo，and the expression of PheSLAC1.1（PH02Gene01933.t1）and PheSLAC1.2（PH02Gene00592.t1）were the highest in leaves. The coding sequence（CDS）of PheSLAC1.1 and PheSLAC1.2 were 1 716 and 1 677 bp in length，encoding 572 and 559 amino acids，respectively. Subcellular localization exhibited that PheSLAC1.1 and PheSLAC1.2 were mainly located in cell membrane. Transgenic plants expressing PheSLAC1.1 and PheSLAC1.2 in slac1-3 mutants showed that PheSLAC1.1 and PheSLAC1.2 were able to restore the drought-sensitive phenotype of slac1-3. These results indicated that both PheSLAC1.1 and PheSLAC1.2 played important roles in response to drought stress by regulating stomatal closure.
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Cultivation Physiology & Biochemistry

• Effects of f-Shaped Tree Shape on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Fruit Quality in‘Shine Muscat’Grapevines with Rain-Shelter Cultivation
• XIA Hongyi, LIU Qiao, PENG Jiaqing, WU Wei, and GONG Linzhong
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 560-570. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0043
• Abstract ( 116 ) HTML ( 192 ) PDF (1312KB) ( 192 ) 　　　
• In order to investigate the effects of f-shaped tree shape on photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of‘Shine Muscat’grapevines under simple single arch shed，the four-year-old‘Shine Muscat’grapevines were used as experimental material，and Y-shaped and T-shaped trees were used as the control. The canopy structure，light energy interception area，leaf chlorophyll content，leaf photosynthetic capacity，fruit yield，and fruit quality of f，Y，and T-shaped tree shape were measured. The results showed that the f-shaped tree shape has advantages in terms of increasing in the actual light energy interception area，chlorophyll content and photosynthesis of the leaves，and improvement in the fruit yield，fruit quality，and color of the peel under simple single arch shed in comparison with Y and T-shaped tree shape.
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Cultivation·Physiology & Biochemistry

• Effect of Exogenous Water-Soluble β-Glucans Application on Glycosidase Activity and Aroma Quality of‘Italian Riesling’Grape
• WANG Haixia, JIANG Yaping, FANG Yan, YANG Xueshan, and ZHU Xia,
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 571-586. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-1237
• Abstract ( 94 ) HTML ( 69 ) PDF (3136KB) ( 69 ) 　　　
• To investigate the effect of water-soluble β-glucans on the fruit quality of‘Italian Riesling’grape，aqueous solutions of β-glucans at different doses（0，300，400 and 500 mg ∙ L-1）were sprayed at 53 and 63 days after flowering. Grape berries were randomly collected at the 60，67，and 95 days after flowering respectively to investigate the dynamic changes in basic physicochemical parameters，glycosidase activities and volatile compounds during fruits ripening. Results showed that the application of exogenous water-soluble β-glucans improved the content of pH，soluble solids，total sugar，total polyphenols，total free amino acids and yeast assimilable nitrogen，especially in 400 mg ∙ L-1 water-soluble β-glucans treated mature grapes，and was 7.02%，18.99%，18.75%，8.55%，35.96% and 17.05% higher than those observed in the control sample. Meanwhile，β-glucans spraying on grapevines significantly increased the activity of β-D-glucosidase，disaccharidases，as well as the contents and types of volatile compounds in grape skins collected at different sampling periods（P < 0.05）. Compared to the control，the activity of β-D-glucosidase，the total activity of three disaccharidases and concentrations of aroma compounds in grapes that received 400 mg ∙ L-1 β-glucans increased by 38.01%，28.72% and 31.18%，respectively. Except for n-hexanal and 2-hexenal，the content of other marker differential volatile compounds showed a positive correlation with glycosidase activity. Additionally，grapes treated with 400 mg ∙ L-1 β-glucans presented an advantage of development of fruity，flowery and sweet flavour. Taken together，applying 400 mg ∙ L-1 water-soluble β-glucans to the whole vine canopy had positive effects on berry quality of Italian Riesling grape.
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• Effects of Black Nonwovens and Herb Residue Mulching on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Microorganisms in the Apple Orchard
• GAO Yongchen, SU Xinjian, YU Cheng, LIU Zhu, MAO Ke, ZOU Yangjun, and GONG Xiaoqing
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 587-600. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0194
• Abstract ( 80 ) HTML ( 93 ) PDF (2348KB) ( 93 ) 　　　
• The 5-year-old‘Yanfu 10’apple（Malus × domestica）trees were differently mulched with black nonwovens and herb residue. The effects of different mulching materials on soil nutrients，soil enzyme activities，and microbial communities in the apple orchard were studied. The results showed that the soil temperature changed under the two different mulching treatments. The soil moisture contents increased during the early stage of fruit tree development under mulching treatments. The soil nutrient contents and the activities of catalase，urease，and sucrase were also elevated by the mulching treatments， especially by the herb residue mulching，comparing with the control. Under the herb residue mulching，the organic matters contents increased by 27.7%，32.1%，and 34.3%，available phosphorus increased by 19.6%，53.8%，and 81.9%，and available potassium increased by 19.1%，35.0%，and 167.4% at different stages of fruit development，respectively. 16S rRNA sequencing of soil bacteria showed that both the black nonwovens mulching and the herb residue mulching increased the α diversity of soil bacteria，especially for the herb residue mulching. Moreover，the β diversity of soil bacteria was more similar under the two kinds of mulch，which was obviously different from the control. In terms of bacterial community distribution，the community abundance of Actinobacteriota，Bacteroidota，and Firmicutes increased by 44.7%，65.7% and 79.7% under black nonwovens mulching，respectively. The community abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota increased by 15.5% and 54.5% under herb residue mulching，respectively. In conclusion，the herb residue mulching can significantly improve soil moisture contents and soil temperature，increase soil nutrient contents，and enhance soil bacterial community diversity，which is more favorable to the growth and development of apple fruit tree roots.
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• Storage with Climacteric Fruits Improves Color and Quality of Citrus Fruit
• SUN Quan, HE Zhengchen, YE Junli, WEI Ranran, YIN Yingzi, CHAI Lijun, XIE Zongzhou, XU Qiang, XU Juan, GUO Wenwu, CHENG Yunjiang, and DENG Xiuxin
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 601-615. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-1203
• Abstract ( 89 ) HTML ( 75 ) PDF (4671KB) ( 75 ) 　　　
• Nine common horticultural fruits were selected for postharvest co-storage with citrus fruits，respectively. The results showed that storage with climacteric fruits（fragrant pear，kiwifruit，tomato，and banana）significantly promoting the citrus peel redden，especially storage with fragrant pear. High performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）analysis revealed that storage with climacteric fruits（SWCF）stimulated an approximately 3-fold increase in the content of total carotenoid，β-citraurin，β-cryptoxanthin，and violaxanthin. Especially，the accumulation of β-citraurin mainly responsible for SWCF-induced citrus peel redden. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR（qRT-PCR）results showed that SWCF dramatically activated the expressions of carotenogenic genes，among which，carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4b（CsCCD4b）transcript was enhanced about 20 folds，thereby directly resulting in β-citraurin accumulation. Furthermore，SWCF treatment has wide applicability in promoting citrus peel coloration. In addition，SWCF obviously maintained the storage performances of citrus fruit by alleviating the calyx senescence，weight loss，and wax degradation than ethylene treatment. Moreover，the contents of volatile substances in SWCF-treated fruit were higher than control and ethylene treatments. SWCF provides a new idea for green and efficient improvement of citrus fruit quality.
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• Study on the Quality Characteristics of Fresh and Immature Pepper
• FU Wen, ZHU Chenghong, LAN Jiayi, LI Shi, ZHANG Zheng, LIU Feng, and DAI Xiongze,
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 616-630. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0837
• Abstract ( 117 ) HTML ( 125 ) PDF (3280KB) ( 125 ) 　　　
• Using‘Zhangshugang’pepper suitable for fresh and immature fruits as experimental material the changes of shape，firmness，tissue structure，main nutrients，cell wall substances，capsaicinoids and volatile components of fruit during fruit development were investigated，and the correlation analysis and principal component analysis of quality characteristics was carried out to clarify the key factors affecting the quality. The results showed that the longitudinal diameter，transverse diameter，single fruit weight，flesh thickness，fruit firmness and cuticle thickness of fruit increased gradually from the development of pepper fruits to the colour change stage. The number of pericarp cell layers did not change，and the volume of parenchyma cells increased resulting in the thickening of flesh. The contents of soluble protein showed a‘U-shaped’change with fruit development；soluble sugar and vitamin C showed an overall increasing trend；the total pectin content increased first and then decreased. The content of cellulose and hemicellulose showed a decreasing-rising-decreasing-rising trend，and the content of cellulose and hemicellulose was the lowest at 15 days after flowering. Capsaicinoids content increased rapidly in the early stage of development. A total of 158 volatile constituents were detected during pepper fruit development，dominated by terpenes，esters，heterocyclic compounds，hydrocarbons，ketones，alcohols，and aldehydes，with an increase in terpenes，esters，hydrocarbons，ketones，and aldehydes， from 10 to 25 d after flowering. Therefore，low fruit firmness，thin cuticle，moderate spiciness，low content of cellulose and total pectin content，and relatively high volatile componentsmay be the main reasons for the excellent taste of fresh and immature pepper. In addition，the results of principal component analysis showed that soluble protein content was also one of the important factors affecting the quality of ‘Zhangshugang’ pepper.
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Plant Protection

• Analysis of the Control Effect of Biocontrol Fungus Strain Fusarium nematophilum NQ8GⅡ4 on Chinese Wolfberry Root Rot and Its Resistance Induction Mechanism
• JIA Shuxin, LI Jin, YAN Siyuan, GUO Miaomiao, WANG Ruotong, and GU Peiwen
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 631-643. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-1173
• Abstract ( 59 ) HTML ( 31 ) PDF (3127KB) ( 31 ) 　　　
• To clarify the efficacy and mechanism of action of Fusarium nematophilum NQ8GⅡ4 on Chinese wolfberry root rot，the inhibitory effect of F. nematophilum NQ8GⅡ4 on the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycium barbarum was determined by the plate standoff method，and its effect on the control of chinese wolfberry root rot was determined by pot test，and the mechanism of action was analyzed by histochemical staining，the mechanism of action was analyzed by defense enzyme activity assay and histochemical staining. The results showed that pre-inoculation of strain NQ8GⅡ4 for 3 d significantly inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum mycelium with an inhibition rate of 70.07%. The inoculation of NQ8GⅡ4 strain with soil mixing method can significantly reduce the occurrence of Chinese wolfberry root rot in greenhouse，with 76.38% effectiveness，which is comparable to that of chemical carbendazim. Compared with the blank control，the agronomic traits of L. barbarum such as plant height，number of side branches，leaf width，stem diameter and root length increased by 37.61%，90.56%，52.50%，32.35% and 44.69% respectively after inoculation with NQ8GⅡ4 strain，which could significantly promote the growth of L. barbarum. Under F. oxysporum stress，leaf POD，SOD，PAL and CAT increased by 33.92%，65.64%，57.96% and 41.59%，respectively，while MDA content decreased significantly by 44.23% 21 days after inoculation with NQ8GⅡ4 compared to the control without NQ8GⅡ4. Inoculation of strain NQ8GⅡ4 promoted the growth of L. barbarum seedlings and stimulated the activity of defense enzymes in L. barbarum，and it stimulates the defense enzyme activity in L. barbarum and alleviates the membrane lipid peroxidation stress caused by F. oxysporum，thus improving the resistance of Chinese wolfberry root rot，which has good potential and application.
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• Isolation，Identification and Functional Analysis of Symbiotic Bacteria of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerium
• LIU Meng, JIA Huiting, and ZHOU Xingang
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 643-655. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0001
• Abstract ( 56 ) HTML ( 66 ) PDF (1637KB) ( 66 ) 　　　
• In this experiment，Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerium was used as the research object. The presence of symbiotic bacteria outside and inside the hyphae of F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerium was determined by fluorescent nucleic acid staining and electron microscopy. The symbiotic bacteria were successfully isolated by plate culture method and dentified by 16S rDNA sequencing. It was determined that it belonged to Achromobacter spp. The analysis of carbon source utilization showed that compared with F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerium without symbiotic bacteria，the Shannon index and anti-Simpson index of F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerium with symbiotic bacteria were significantly increased by 2.18% and 1.67% respectively，and the utilization ability of sugars，carboxylic acids，amines，polymers and other carbon sources was strong，while the utilization ability of amino acids was weak. The results showed that there was symbiotic bacteria of Achromobacter spp. in F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerium，and it may affect the growth and metabolic capacity of the host fungus.
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New Technology and New Mathod

• Development of a Quantification Method for“Golden WUE”Trait and Its Application in Common Beans
• SUN Ting, JIANG Rujia, SHI Zheng, MENACHEM Moshelion, SUN Yudong, CHENG Rui, and XU Pei,
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 656-668. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0106
• Abstract ( 36 ) HTML ( 39 ) PDF (3406KB) ( 39 ) 　　　
• Plant water use efficiency（water use Efficiency，WUE）varies with environmental conditions and peaks during the“golden hour”（GH）. During this time，plants were able to produce more dry matter with the consumption of less water. The traits related to WUE at the golden hours were referred to as“golden WUE”traits（GHW）. This study used a WUE model to derive that canopy conductance，the ratio of transpiration rate to saturation vapor pressure deficit，can be used to infer photosynthetic rate，and was confirmed through conventional measurements of low-flux canopy gas exchange parameters. A method based on high-throughput physiological phenotyping to define GHW traits were developed. This method uses cumulative canopy conductance during the GHW period（AccGHW），the proportion of AccGHW to the entire day（fGHW），and estimated WUE（WUEe）as the comprehensive quantification parameters. Using this method，24 varieties of common bean（Phaseolus vulgaris L.）collected from the globe and successfully identified a set of elite/poor lines were screened.
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Review

• Advances in Genetic Mapping and Candidate Gene Analysis of Important Traits in Pepper（Capsicum spp.）
• ZHANG Zhenghai, WANG Yongfu, WU Huamao, YU Hailong, CAO Yacong, FENG Xigang, and WANG Lihao
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 669-696. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0014
• Abstract ( 93 ) HTML ( 97 ) PDF (1017KB) ( 97 ) 　　　
• In this paper，the research progress of pepper（Capsicum spp.）after whole genome sequencing in the past ten years were summarized，including the construction of intraspecific and interspecific genetic maps，whole genome association analysis，and genetic mapping and candidate gene analysis of horticultural traits，fruit traits and disease resistance.
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New Cultivars

• A Late Ripening and High Quality Castanea mollissima Cultivar‘Yanbao’
• GUO Chunlei, CAO Fei, WANG Dongsheng, ZHANG Jingzheng, QI Yongshun, WANG Tongkun, CAI Deyi, and TONG Jingmei
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 697-698. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0780
• Abstract ( 70 ) HTML ( 23 ) PDF (1377KB) ( 23 ) 　　　
• The late ripening new chestnut cultivar‘Yanbao’was selected from the wild seedlings in Yanshan region. It has excellent characteristics such as high yield，high quality，big nut and good color. The average nut weight is 9.0 g，with purplish brown and glossy shell. The density of pubescence is sparse and the tendon lines are inapparent. The nut is ellipse with uniform size and milk yellow flesh，which stir-fry delicate，sweet and waxy. The nuts mature period is late September，with yield per tree 6.73 kg，equivalent to 5 604 kg • hm-2.‘Yanbao’has strong drought and cold resistance，and appropriate to be planted in hilly region of Mount Yanshan，the appropriate pollination cultivars are‘Yanshan Zaofeng’‘Yanlong’and‘Yanli’.
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• A New Netted Melon Cultivar‘Lühua 18’
• ZHANG Yongping, DIAO Qiannan, CAO Yanyan, LU Shijun, and YAO Dongwei
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 699-700. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0751
• Abstract ( 57 ) HTML ( 57 ) PDF (2243KB) ( 57 ) 　　　
• ‘Lühua 18’is a new middle early-maturing melon hybrid cultivar by crossing 16159B as female parent and 11B-1 as male parent. The fruit is high round shaped with gray-green peel，evenly and netty streaks. The flesh is green and white，the single fruit weight is above 1.8 kg，the central soluble solids content is above 16%. The whole growth period is about 105 d and fruit developing period is about 45 d of protected spring cultivation in shanghai，the fruit is tolerant to storage and not easy to ferment，and the output is 36 750–39 150 kg • hm-2. It is suitable for facilities cultivation in spring and autumn in Shanghai and Shandong province.
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• A New Phalaenopsis Cultivar‘Jiaohong’
• LÜ Fubing , CHEN Heming, XIAO Wenfang, and LI Zuo
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 701-702. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0530
• Abstract ( 52 ) HTML ( 53 ) PDF (1231KB) ( 53 ) 　　　
• The Phalaenopsis cultivar‘Jiaohong’of purple flower is a new cultivar bred by crossing female Phal. Frigdaas Spring Rose‘Hongguan’and male Phal.‘Red Glow’.The plant width is 28.4 cm and the leaf length is 16.8 cm and the leaf width is 6.4 cm. There are 8.2 flowers in the inflorescence which the length of flower branch was 45.6 cm，the diameter of flower was 7.0 cm with round and good design and the flower color is purple，RHS colorimetric card value of sepals and petals was 57B and RHS colorimetric card value of lips was 57A. The flowering lasted for 2–3 months.
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• A New Syringa Cultivar‘Wuxia’
• LIU Jianbin and ZHANG Yan
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 703-704. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0723
• Abstract ( 29 ) HTML ( 27 ) PDF (1458KB) ( 27 ) 　　　
• The new Syringa cultivar‘Wuxia’was selected from the natural hybrid seedling of S. oblata var. alba. White corolla lobes（RHS，White group NN155D），and the periphery of corolla lobes preformed wavy，the lobes spread obliquely at the early stage of flowering，and turned outward and twisted at the full flowering stage with high ornamental value. The initial flowering period starts from April 1–5 and ends on April 15. The height of mature trees can reach up to four meters，and preformed robust growth，adaptability，cold and drought resistance.‘Wuxia’is suitable for planting in most parts of North China.
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• A New Cerasus campanulata Cultivar‘Zongruying’
• ZHANG Wei, ZHU Jun, HU Xiaomin, YE Xiaoling, GAO Shan, LI Yuanfeng, and XIONG Haijian
• Acta Horticulturae Sinica. 2024, 51(3): 705-706. DOI:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0749
• Abstract ( 60 ) HTML ( 70 ) PDF (1585KB) ( 70 ) 　　　
• Cerasus campanulata‘Zongruying’is a new cultivar selected from the seedlings of C. campanulata. The flowers are dense and pink，open widely like disc-shape. The stigma is exposed before the flower opens. The flowering period is very early.
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