Effect of Exogenous Water-Soluble β-Glucans Application on Glycosidase Activity and Aroma Quality of‘Italian Riesling’Grape

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-1237

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (3): 571-586.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-1237

• Cultivation·Physiology & Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effect of Exogenous Water-Soluble β-Glucans Application on Glycosidase Activity and Aroma Quality of‘Italian Riesling’Grape

WANG Haixia¹, JIANG Yaping¹, FANG Yan¹, YANG Xueshan¹^,², ZHU Xia¹^,²^,^*()

¹ College of Food Science and Engineering，Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou 730070，China
² Gansu Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology，Lanzhou 730070，China

Received:2023-03-15 Revised:2023-11-13 Online:2024-03-25 Published:2024-03-22
Contact: ZHU Xia

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effect of water-soluble β-glucans on the fruit quality of‘Italian Riesling’grape，aqueous solutions of β-glucans at different doses（0，300，400 and 500 mg ∙ L^-1）were sprayed at 53 and 63 days after flowering. Grape berries were randomly collected at the 60，67，and 95 days after flowering respectively to investigate the dynamic changes in basic physicochemical parameters，glycosidase activities and volatile compounds during fruits ripening. Results showed that the application of exogenous water-soluble β-glucans improved the content of pH，soluble solids，total sugar，total polyphenols，total free amino acids and yeast assimilable nitrogen，especially in 400 mg ∙ L^-1water-soluble β-glucans treated mature grapes，and was 7.02%，18.99%，18.75%，8.55%，35.96% and 17.05% higher than those observed in the control sample. Meanwhile，β-glucans spraying on grapevines significantly increased the activity of β-D-glucosidase，disaccharidases，as well as the contents and types of volatile compounds in grape skins collected at different sampling periods（P < 0.05）. Compared to the control，the activity of β-D-glucosidase，the total activity of three disaccharidases and concentrations of aroma compounds in grapes that received 400 mg ∙ L^-1β-glucans increased by 38.01%，28.72% and 31.18%，respectively. Except for n-hexanal and 2-hexenal，the content of other marker differential volatile compounds showed a positive correlation with glycosidase activity. Additionally，grapes treated with 400 mg ∙ L^-1β-glucans presented an advantage of development of fruity，flowery and sweet flavour. Taken together，applying 400 mg ∙ L^-1water-soluble β-glucans to the whole vine canopy had positive effects on berry quality of Italian Riesling grape.

Key words: wine grape, water-soluble β-glucans, glycosidase, volatile compounds

WANG Haixia, JIANG Yaping, FANG Yan, YANG Xueshan, ZHU Xia. Effect of Exogenous Water-Soluble β-Glucans Application on Glycosidase Activity and Aroma Quality of‘Italian Riesling’Grape[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(3): 571-586.

Figures/Tables 14

References 33

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花后天数/d Day after flowering	水溶性β-葡聚糖/（mg ∙ L^-1） Water-soluble β-glucans	pH	总酸/（g ∙ L^-1） Total acid	可溶性固形物/°Brix Soluble solids	总糖/（g ∙ L^-1） Total sugar
60	0（对照Control）	3.06 ± 0.00 d	15.55 ± 0.18 a	9.13 ± 0.05 d	98.67 ± 0.94 d
	300	3.15 ± 0.00 c	15.05 ± 0.00 ab	10.07 ± 0.05 c	109.33 ± 0.94 c
	400	3.20 ± 0.00 a	13.93 ± 0.18 c	12.17 ± 0.05 a	122.40 ± 0.65 a
	500	3.19 ± 0.00 b	14.30 ± 0.17 bc	11.67 ± 0.05 b	117.60 ± 1.96 b
67	0（对照Control）	3.39 ± 0.01 d	11.63 ± 0.42 a	11.70 ± 0.00 d	117.33 ± 0.94 d
	300	3.41 ± 0.00 c	11.05 ± 0.18 ab	13.43 ± 0.05 c	131.33 ± 0.94 c
	400	3.48 ± 0.01 a	10.18 ± 0.09 c	14.47 ± 0.12 a	145.33 ± 0.47 a
	500	3.46 ± 0.00 b	10.68 ± 0.18 bc	13.80 ± 0.00 b	135.67 ± 0.47 b
95	0（对照Control）	3.42 ± 0.01 d	10.55 ± 0.18 a	17.17 ± 0.05 d	173.05 ± 0.00 d
	300	3.44 ± 0.01 c	10.18 ± 0.18 a	18.23 ± 0.09 c	185.50 ± 0.71 c
	400	3.66 ± 0.01 a	6.43 ± 0.18 c	20.43 ± 0.09 a	205.50 ± 0.00 a
	500	3.48 ± 0.01 b	7.30 ± 0.18 b	18.40 ± 0.00 b	188.00 ± 0.71 b

花后天数/d Day after flowering	水溶性β-葡聚糖/（mg ∙ L^-1） Water-soluble β-glucans	pH	总酸/（g ∙ L^-1） Total acid	可溶性固形物/°Brix Soluble solids	总糖/（g ∙ L^-1） Total sugar
60	0（对照Control）	3.06 ± 0.00 d	15.55 ± 0.18 a	9.13 ± 0.05 d	98.67 ± 0.94 d
	300	3.15 ± 0.00 c	15.05 ± 0.00 ab	10.07 ± 0.05 c	109.33 ± 0.94 c
	400	3.20 ± 0.00 a	13.93 ± 0.18 c	12.17 ± 0.05 a	122.40 ± 0.65 a
	500	3.19 ± 0.00 b	14.30 ± 0.17 bc	11.67 ± 0.05 b	117.60 ± 1.96 b
67	0（对照Control）	3.39 ± 0.01 d	11.63 ± 0.42 a	11.70 ± 0.00 d	117.33 ± 0.94 d
	300	3.41 ± 0.00 c	11.05 ± 0.18 ab	13.43 ± 0.05 c	131.33 ± 0.94 c
	400	3.48 ± 0.01 a	10.18 ± 0.09 c	14.47 ± 0.12 a	145.33 ± 0.47 a
	500	3.46 ± 0.00 b	10.68 ± 0.18 bc	13.80 ± 0.00 b	135.67 ± 0.47 b
95	0（对照Control）	3.42 ± 0.01 d	10.55 ± 0.18 a	17.17 ± 0.05 d	173.05 ± 0.00 d
	300	3.44 ± 0.01 c	10.18 ± 0.18 a	18.23 ± 0.09 c	185.50 ± 0.71 c
	400	3.66 ± 0.01 a	6.43 ± 0.18 c	20.43 ± 0.09 a	205.50 ± 0.00 a
	500	3.48 ± 0.01 b	7.30 ± 0.18 b	18.40 ± 0.00 b	188.00 ± 0.71 b

挥发性香气物质 VOC	VIP	挥发性香气物质 VOC	VIP
柠檬烯 Limonene	2.29940	乙酸叶醇酯（3Z）-3-Hexen-1-yl acetate	1.28337
2-已烯醛 2-Hexenal	2.09885	庚醛 Heptanal	1.21336
香叶醇 Geraniol	1.89891	（E）-2-庚烯醛 Heptenal	1.18945
3-蒈烯Crene	1.77009	2-己烯醛 2-Hexen-1-al	1.16014
正庚醇 Heptan-1-ol	1.71916	苯乙醛 Phenylacetaldehyde	1.14430
乙酸乙酯 Ethyl acetate	1.55693	反式-2-己烯-1-醇（E）-2-Hexen-1-ol	1.13439
反式-2-己烯乙酸酯 Hex-2-enyl acetate	1.49466	（E,E）-2,4-庚二烯醛（E,E）-2,4-Heptadienal	1.12304
叶醇 cis-3-Hexen-1-ol	1.41633	β-蒎烯β-Pinene	1.11425
乙酸己酯 Hexyl acetate	1.34585	正己醛 Hexanal	1.09048
甲基庚烯酮 6-Methylhept-5-en-2-one	1.32159	癸酸乙酯 Ethyl caprate	1.01254
肉豆蔻酸异丙酯 Isopropyl myristate	1.29190	苯甲醇 Benzyl alcohol	1.00957

挥发性香气物质 VOC	VIP	挥发性香气物质 VOC	VIP
柠檬烯 Limonene	2.29940	乙酸叶醇酯（3Z）-3-Hexen-1-yl acetate	1.28337
2-已烯醛 2-Hexenal	2.09885	庚醛 Heptanal	1.21336
香叶醇 Geraniol	1.89891	（E）-2-庚烯醛 Heptenal	1.18945
3-蒈烯Crene	1.77009	2-己烯醛 2-Hexen-1-al	1.16014
正庚醇 Heptan-1-ol	1.71916	苯乙醛 Phenylacetaldehyde	1.14430
乙酸乙酯 Ethyl acetate	1.55693	反式-2-己烯-1-醇（E）-2-Hexen-1-ol	1.13439
反式-2-己烯乙酸酯 Hex-2-enyl acetate	1.49466	（E,E）-2,4-庚二烯醛（E,E）-2,4-Heptadienal	1.12304
叶醇 cis-3-Hexen-1-ol	1.41633	β-蒎烯β-Pinene	1.11425
乙酸己酯 Hexyl acetate	1.34585	正己醛 Hexanal	1.09048
甲基庚烯酮 6-Methylhept-5-en-2-one	1.32159	癸酸乙酯 Ethyl caprate	1.01254
肉豆蔻酸异丙酯 Isopropyl myristate	1.29190	苯甲醇 Benzyl alcohol	1.00957

香气化合物 Aroma compounds	60 d				67 d				95 d
香气化合物 Aroma compounds	β-D- Glu	β-D- Xyl	α-L- Rha	α-L- Ara	β-D- Glu	β-D- Xyl	α-L- Rha	α-L- Ara	β-D- Glu	β-D- Xyl	α-L- Rha	α-L- Ara
柠檬烯Limonene	0.89	1.00^**	0.98^*	0.87	0.90	0.81	0.93	0.86	0.68	0.61	0.65	0.62
（E）-2-己烯醛（E）2-Hexenal	0.62	0.39	0.36	0.56	0.41	0.61	0.17	0.54	0.28	0.18	0.18	0.23
正庚醇Heptan-1-ol	0.81	0.97^*	0.95	0.80	0.82	0.60	0.94	0.69	0.53	0.63	0.59	0.60
反式-2-己烯乙酸酯 Hex-2-enyl acetate	0.77	0.96^*	0.92	0.75	0.79	0.55	0.92	0.65	0.60	0.70	0.67	0.67
乙酸己酯Hexyl acetate	0.75	0.95^*	0.90	0.72	0.97^*	0.83	1.00^**	0.89	0.89	0.94	0.93	0.93
肉豆蔻酸异丙酯 Isopropyl myristate	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.61	0.63	0.59	0.64
乙酸叶醇酯（3Z）-3-Hexen-1-yl acetate	0.47	0.07	0.19	0.50	0.87	0.66	0.96^*	0.75	0.93	0.94	0.92	0.95
（E）-2-庚烯醛（E）-2-Heptenal	0.88	0.96^*	0.99^*	0.89	0.95	0.82	0.99^*	0.88	0.72	0.79	0.76	0.77
（E,E）-2,4-庚二烯醛（E,E）-2,4-Heptadienal	0.83	0.98^*	0.94	0.80	0.93	0.77	0.97^*	0.84	0.70	0.76	0.72	0.76
β-蒎烯β-pinene	0.95^*	1.00^**	0.99^*	0.93	0.94	0.78	1.00^**	0.85	0.88	0.93	0.91	0.91
叶醇cis-3-Hexen-1-ol	0.45	0.14	0.34	0.53	0.76	0.81	0.71	0.80	0.70	0.71	0.74	0.69
正己醛Hexanal	-0.41	-0.12	-0.32	-0.49	-0.87	-0.94	-0.77	-0.93	-0.90	-0.90	-0.92	-0.89
2-己烯醛2-Hexenal	-0.70	-0.62	-0.53	-0.63	-0.88	-0.98^*	-0.72	-0.96^*	-0.27	-0.21	-0.19	-0.25
反式-2-己烯-1-醇（E）-2-Hexen-1-ol	0.59	0.27	0.44	0.66	0.78	0.83	0.73	0.82	0.83	0.84	0.86	0.83
庚醛Heptanal	0.83	0.81	0.91	0.88	0.84	0.68	0.93	0.75	0.61	0.70	0.67	0.67
甲基庚烯酮 6-Methylhept-5-en-2-one	0.91	0.98^*	1.00^**	0.91	0.86	0.65	0.95	0.74	0.77	0.84	0.83	0.81
乙酸乙酯Ethyl acetate	0.93	1.00^**	0.98^*	0.91	1.00^**	0.95	0.96^*	0.98^*	0.89	0.94	0.93	0.93
癸酸乙酯Ethyl caprate	0.64	0.81	0.85	0.67	0.89	0.69	0.98^*	0.78	0.63	0.70	0.66	0.69
苯乙醛Phenylacetaldehyde	0.98^*	0.93	0.98^*	0.99^*	0.89	0.70	0.96^*	0.78	0.67	0.76	0.72	0.73
苯甲醇Benzyl alcohol	0.75	0.96^*	0.90	0.72	0.87	0.67	0.97^*	0.76	0.75	0.83	0.80	0.81

Effect of Exogenous Water-Soluble β-Glucans Application on Glycosidase Activity and Aroma Quality of‘Italian Riesling’Grape

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