Association Analysis of Cattleya DUS Test Characteristics and SSR Markers

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0196

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (4): 787-803.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0196

• Genetic & Breeding · Germplasm Resources · Molecular Biology • Previous Articles Next Articles

Association Analysis of Cattleya DUS Test Characteristics and SSR Markers

YANG Xi¹, RAO Dehua¹, LIU Hong¹, YANG Zhe¹, SU Zhenzhu², JIANG Yuan¹, YIN Jiwei¹, XU Zhenjiang¹^,^**()

¹ Guangzhou Sub-Center for New Plant Variety Tests，Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs，College of Agriculture，South China Agricultural University，Guangzhou 510642，China
² Guangzhou Time Wegland Industry，Guangzhou 510000，China

Received:2023-07-26 Revised:2023-11-20 Online:2024-04-25 Published:2024-04-26
Contact: XU Zhenjiang

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to discover the molecular markers potentially associated to the phenotypic traits of Cattleya，63 DUS（Distinctness，Uniformity and Stability）characteristics of 160 Cattleya varieties were identified and described. The genetic diversity of these varieties were analyzed with 22 selected core SSR primers. Moreover，the General Linear Model（GLM）and Mixed Linear Model（MLM）of TASSEL2.1 software were used to analyze the correlation of eight main ornamental characteristics and the core SSR primers of different Cattleya varieties. The results presented that 293 alleles were obtained by the 22 pairs of core primers in Cattleya varieties，with a variation range of 3-28. The average PIC value was 0.8531，with 2.3280 average Shannon’s information index. The Cattleya varieties were divided into two main populations based on Nei’s genetic distance cluster analysis. However，GLM model analysis identified 17 markers associated with four different characteristics，whereas 15 markers associated with six characteristics identified by MLM model analysis. Total of 15 loci were identified by both models to be associated with phenotypic characteristics of Cattleya. In addition，two markers SSR42 and SSR9 appeared repeatedly in both models，and may associated with several characteristics such as flower length，flower color，and mid sepal characteristics，reflecting the phenomenon of“one cause multiple effects”.

Key words: Cattleya, DUS characteristic, SSR marker, association

YANG Xi, RAO Dehua, LIU Hong, YANG Zhe, SU Zhenzhu, JIANG Yuan, YIN Jiwei, XU Zhenjiang. Association Analysis of Cattleya DUS Test Characteristics and SSR Markers[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(4): 787-803.

Figures/Tables 10

References 32

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编号 Code	品种名称 Cultivar	原生品种产地或杂交亲本 Native variety origin or hybrid parent	编号 Code	品种名称 Cultivar	原生品种产地或杂交亲本 Native variety origin or hybrid parent
1	C. angereri-rupestris	巴西 Brazil	81	C. trianaei fma. coerulea-splash ‘Casblanca’	哥伦比亚 Colombia
2	C. anceps var. lineata‘Splashii’	加利福尼亚 California	82	C. trianaei fma. Suave‘Sweet’	哥伦比亚 Colombia
3	C. Brazillian jewel tipo Pink Dlamond	C. loddigesii × C. harrisoniana	83	C. valentime fma. caerulea	巴西 Brazil
4	C. Button Top‘Tokyo’	RLC. Angelwalker × C. lundii	84	C. walkeriana × C. lueddemannaiana	巴西 Brazil
5	C. Chan Hsiu Jewel	RLC. Moscombe × RLC. Wayndora.	85	C. walkeriana fma. Perfecta	巴西 Brazil
6	C. China-T2y. Mildcompton	RLC. Mildred Rives × C. Shellie Compton	86	C. walkeriana fma. perola-falme	巴西 Brazil
7	C. quadricolor fma. tipo	哥伦比亚 Colombia	87	C. walkeriana fma. Tipo ‘Feitieira’	巴西 Brazil
8	C. crispa fma. flamea wenzel stripe	巴西 Brazil	88	C. warscenwicizii var. coerulea Ituango	巴西 Brazil
9	C. dowaiana Aurea‘Karen’	哥斯达黎加 Costa Rica	89	C. warneri fma.‘#v1218’	巴西 Brazil
10	C. eldorado fma. concolor	巴西 Brazil	90	C. warneri fma. Amesiana ‘Buenos’	巴西 Brazil
11	C. guttata‘Spot Self’	巴西 Brazil	91	C. White Bridal‘YuKi’	RLC. Angelwalker × Ctt. Candy Tuft
12	C. Clark Hauserman‘Carl’	RLC. Marjorie Hausermann × RLC. Fred Cole	92	C. Yuan Dung swee theart	RLC. Monte Elegante × RLC. Yen Redface
13	C. Hawaiian wedding Song	RLC. Angel Bells × RLC. Claesiana	93	C. Yuan Dung sweet Dragon Fruit	RLC. Monte Elegante × RLC. Yen Redface
14	C. Haw Yuan Angel‘Little Beauty’	RLC. Lemon Tree × RLC. Tassie Barbero	94	Bct. Little Marmaid‘Janet’	C. walkeriana × Bsn. Maikai
15	C. intermedia var. orlata aquinii Coerulea‘Angel Smile’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	95	Bc. Hawaiian Star	B. Little Stars × RLC. Memoria Robert Strait
16	C. intermedia var. venosa	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	96	RLC. Alma kee‘Tipmalee’	RLC. Alma × RLC. Cheah Bean-Kee
17	C. jenmanii fma. concolor ‘Canaima’s Smuggler’	原生品种 Native variety 委内瑞拉 Venezuela	97	RLC. Amy Wakasugi × RLC. Chia Li	RLC. Haw Yuan Angel × RLC. Hsinying Excell.
18	C. jenmanii fma. rosea‘Elizabeth’	原生品种 Native variety 委内瑞拉 Venezuela	98	RLC. Alpha Plus Voirgin	RLC. Donna Kimura × RLC. Sylvia
19	C. labiata Tipo‘#5911’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	99	RLC. Burdekin Wonder ‘Lakeland’	C. Pastoral Symphony × C. walkeriana
20	C. labiata fma. semi-alba‘Caesar’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	100	RLC.‘Clear Butterfly’	RLC. Tassie Barbero × RLC. Kuan-Miao Chen
21	C. labiata fma. Coerulea‘Kumiko’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	101	RLC.‘Chunyeah #8’	RLC. Tassie Barbero × RLC. Kuan-Miao Chen
22	C. labiata fma. Amesiana‘Buenos’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	102	RLC. Chinese Beauty‘Phoenix’	RLC. Moscombe × RLC. Sunset Bay（Miyamoto）.
23	C. labiata fma‘Peggy’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	103	RLC. Chomthong Fancy Huge	RLC. Laddawan Beauty × RLC. Haadyai Delight
24	C. labiata fma.‘RedLipperola’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	104	RLC. Cornerstone	RLC. Bryce Canyon × RLC. Memoria Crispin Rosales
25	C. labiata fma. rubra-splash. ‘Dark Killer’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	105	RLC. Chief sweet orange	Ctt. Tutankamen × RLC. Chyong Guu Chaffinch.
26	C. labiate fma. Amoena‘Ptolemy’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	106	RLC. Cute Lady‘Chirstmas Candy’	Lnt. Bowri-Albida × RLC. Mellowglow
27	C. labiata fma. Rubra‘CH#1’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	107	RLC. Dabbie Miyao	RLC. Memoria Crispin Rosales × Ctt. Porcia
28	C. labiata‘Beta’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	108	RLC. Elegant Dancer‘Rouge’	RLC. Don De Mochaels × RLC. Dark Eyes
29	C. labiata fma. Able‘Princess’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	109	RLC. Golf Green	RLC. Moscombe × RL. digbyana
30	C. lobata fma. Coerulea‘Paul’s hope’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	110	RLC. Taida Eagle Eye	RLC. Meditation × RLC. Madeleine Knowlton.
31	C. luteola（Ecaudor species）	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	111	RLC. Fong Yuan Beauty Red unibow	RLC. Haw Yuan × RLC. Memoria So Lien.
32	C.（loddigesii × dolosa）× Hawaiian wedding song	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar	112	RLC. Lais. Phonix Angel	RLC. Anna-Married Oberholzer × RLC. Chunyeah
33	C. lueddemanniana fma. semi-alba ‘Cerroverde’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	113	RLC. Li Jiuan Dancer	RLC. Time Finney × RLC. Elegant Dancer
34	C. lueddemanniana fma. alba	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	114	RLC. Yuanxiao	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar
35	C. lueddemanniana var. Venous	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	115	RLC. Merry Green‘Emerald’	Cyth. Vienna Woods × C. Ann Follis
36	C. lueddemanniana fma. rubra	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	116	RLC. Jungle Elf	C. esalqueana × C. aclandiae
37	C. luddemanniana fma. Coerule ‘Mieko’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	117	RLC. Chian-Tzy Lass	RLC. Mount Hood × C. Shellie Compton
38	C. luddemannlana fima. Coerulea‘Tina’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	118	RLC. Mem. Anna Baluores × Benaty oirl‘Convex’	C. Memoeia Robert Strait × RLC. Good Newa
39	C. luddemanniana fma. tipo	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	119	RLC. Mystic Isle‘Harrmonicus’	RLC. Memoria Helen Brown × RLC. Destiny.
40	C. mantlquelrae‘Wasen’	原生品种 Native variety 佛罗里达 Florida	120	RLC. Machina Yahiro	RLC. Meditation × RLC. Donna Kimura.
41	C. maxima fma. sLC‘Vigour Rainbow’	原生品种 Native variety 厄瓜多尔 Ecuador	121	RLC. Mr. Chang‘Coach’	RLC. Chief Bride × C. Memoria Robert Strait.
42	C. maxima var. Tipo	原生品种 Native variety 厄瓜多尔 Ecuador	122	RLC. （milleri × Aloha Case）‘Mars’	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar
43	C. maxima seni-aibo‘CH-3’	原生品种 Native variety 厄瓜多尔 Ecuador	123	RLC. Pamela Finney‘Little Cattle’	C. Irene Finney × RLC. Pamela Hetherington
44	C. maxima‘#1201’	原生品种 Native variety 厄瓜多尔 Ecuador	124	RLC. Vigour Pinky Empress ‘Ju-Sen’	RLC. Mount hood × RLC. Bryce Canyon
45	C. maxima fma. Tipo ‘Ecaudor’ select #2’	原生品种 Native variety 厄瓜多尔 Ecuador	125	RLC. Vigour Mina‘Selected Gold’	RLC. Wei Sheng Gold × C. Peckaviensis
46	C. maxima fma. Coerulea ‘Hector’ SM/JOGA/AOS	原生品种 Native variety 厄瓜多尔 Ecuador	126	RLC. Vigour Jade‘Green Jade’	RLC. Ports of Paradise × RLC. Sweet Envy.
47	C.（maxima × dayana）‘Vigour’	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar	127	RLC. Vigour‘Pecach’	RLC. Elegant Dancer × RLC. Li Cheng Star
48	C. maxima‘Pink Queen’	原生品种 Native variety 厄瓜多尔 Ecuador	128	RLC. Vigour Red Grape	RLC. Lucky Strike × C. Albert Hollingsworth
49	C. Maikai‘Mayumi’	B. nodosa × Gur. bowringiana	129	RLC. Vigour Greensplash	RLC. Greenwich × RLC. Suan Puttan.
50	C. Mona Pink‘Hiromi’	Laeliocattleya Pri Pri × Laelia Mini Purple	130	RLC. Vigour joyana Yellow River	RLC. Liu’s Joyance × Rl. digbyana.
51	C. mossiae‘vz#1103’	原生品种 Native variety 委内瑞拉 Venezuela	131	RLC. Vigour Dargon Cat‘Totoro’	RLC. Memoria Anna Balmores × RLC. Beauty Girl
52	C. mossiae‘vz#1106’	原生品种 Native variety 委内瑞拉 Venezuela	132	RLC. Vigour‘Venus’	C. Aloha Case × C. violacea.
53	C. mossiae Aguinii‘San Joe’	原生品种 Native variety 委内瑞拉 Venezuela	133	RLC. Vigour Greenrama‘Mina’	RLC. Greenwich × C. Colorama.
54	C. mossiae fma. alba	原生品种 Native variety 委内瑞拉 Venezuela	134	RLC. Vigour Elecorn	RLC. Elegant Dancer × RLC. Cornerstone.
55	C. mossiae fma. coerulea	原生品种 Native variety 委内瑞拉 Venezuela	135	RLC. Sanyang Ruby‘XingMei’	RLC. Waianae Coast × RLC. Chia Lin
56	C. Memorial Crispin Rosales ‘Victory’	RLC. Bonanza × RLC. Norman’s Bay	136	RLC. Kat Green Power‘Big 3G’	RLC. Waianae Coast × RLC. Chia Lin
57	C. nobilior fma. semi-alba‘160402’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	137	RLC. Siao-cing Beauty‘Vicky’	RLC. Ching Hua Flame × RLC. Sanyung Ruby
58	C. nobilior Tipo‘Selected Shonan’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	138	RLC. Samantha Dunan	C. Little Precious × RLC. Hawaiian Porminence
59	C. nobilior Coerulea × Sib	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	139	RLC. Super Storm	RLC. Shinfong Green × RLC. Apricot Flare
60	C. Orglade’s Grand‘Tian Mu’	RLC. Mildred Rives × C. Persepolis	140	RLC. Spanish Eyes Golden Mine	RLC. Apricot Flare × C. Memoria Wang Tzu-Chang
61	C. percivalliana‘Paolo’	原生品种 Native variety 委内瑞拉 Venezuela	141	RLC.‘Taichung Beauty’	RLC. Pamela Finney × RLC. Elegant Dancer
62	C. perrinii Zephyr’s Blue	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	142	RLC. Taiwan Ruby‘Chang Lu’	C. Bonanza × RLC. Norman’s Bay
63	C. Portia fma. coerulea	Gur. bowringiana × C. labiata	143	RLC. Lucky Strike‘Stone’	RLC. Memoria × C. Bonanza（Bracey）
64	C. Portia‘Karizona’	Gur. Bowringiana × C. labiata	144	Ctyh. Greenbird‘Brillants’	C. Luata × Epi. cinnabarinum
65	C. purpurata fma. Werkhanseri ‘Chinghua’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	145	Cyth. Siam jade AVO	B. nodosa × C. milleri
66	C. purpurata fma. carnea	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	146	Ctt. Chief. Berry	Ctt. Sunrise Doll × C. Love Castle. Mericlone
67	C. purpurata fma. Carnea‘Sabrina’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	147	BC. Richard. Muller	C. Penny Kuroda × Ctyh. Vienns Woods
68	C. purpurata fma. virginalis	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	148	Ctt. Little Falry	C. Netrasiri Beauty × Ctt. Kauai Starbright.
69	C. purpurata fma. ‘Werkhauserii flamea Brasilia’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	149	Ctt. Chief Dancing‘Red Dream’	C. Love Castle × Ctt. Dancing Ruby.
70	C. purpurata fma. Sanguinea‘s615’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	150	Ctt. Sakura Candy OG	C. Starry Sky × Ctt. Candy Tuft.
71	C. speciosa fma. semi-alba	原生品种 Native variety 墨西哥 Mexico	151	Ctt. Tiny Treasure	Ctt. Porcia × C. lucasiana
72	C. schroederae‘SCOII’	原生品种 Native variety 哥伦比亚 Colombia	152	C.（loddigesii × Alohcase）	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar
73	C. shieilie Compton‘21129’	原生品种 Native variety 佛罗里达 Florida	153	BL. Morning Glory‘Velentine Kiss’× C. walkeriania‘Edward’	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar
74	C. Spuersomic‘Striking Lip’	RLC. Little Oliver × C. purpurata	154	RLC. Hua Yuan Gold	RLC. Lemon Tree × RLC. Tassie Barbero
75	C. tenebrosa‘Kathleen’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	155	RLC. Oconee × RLC. Coldeneelle Red Dragon	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar
76	C. tenebrosa‘Kingbrown’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	156	C. crispate × L. jongheane	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar
77	C. trianaei var. mooreana‘Sammit’	原生品种 Native variety 哥伦比亚 Colombia	157	Rl. digbyana × slb	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar
78	C. trianaei fma. Coerulea ‘Long tongue’	原生品种 Native variety 哥伦比亚 Colombia	158	Ctt. Blue‘Angel Glove’	Ctt. Blue Boy × C. Mini Purple
79	C. trianaei fma. Albescens‘Qandro’	原生品种 Native variety 哥伦比亚 Colombia	159	Gur. patiniir #5	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar
80	C. trianaei Concolor‘CH.10’	原生品种 Native variety 哥伦比亚 Colombia	160	RLC. Sung Ya Green	RLC. Ports of Paradise × RLC. Meadow Morn

编号 Code	品种名称 Cultivar	原生品种产地或杂交亲本 Native variety origin or hybrid parent	编号 Code	品种名称 Cultivar	原生品种产地或杂交亲本 Native variety origin or hybrid parent
1	C. angereri-rupestris	巴西 Brazil	81	C. trianaei fma. coerulea-splash ‘Casblanca’	哥伦比亚 Colombia
2	C. anceps var. lineata‘Splashii’	加利福尼亚 California	82	C. trianaei fma. Suave‘Sweet’	哥伦比亚 Colombia
3	C. Brazillian jewel tipo Pink Dlamond	C. loddigesii × C. harrisoniana	83	C. valentime fma. caerulea	巴西 Brazil
4	C. Button Top‘Tokyo’	RLC. Angelwalker × C. lundii	84	C. walkeriana × C. lueddemannaiana	巴西 Brazil
5	C. Chan Hsiu Jewel	RLC. Moscombe × RLC. Wayndora.	85	C. walkeriana fma. Perfecta	巴西 Brazil
6	C. China-T2y. Mildcompton	RLC. Mildred Rives × C. Shellie Compton	86	C. walkeriana fma. perola-falme	巴西 Brazil
7	C. quadricolor fma. tipo	哥伦比亚 Colombia	87	C. walkeriana fma. Tipo ‘Feitieira’	巴西 Brazil
8	C. crispa fma. flamea wenzel stripe	巴西 Brazil	88	C. warscenwicizii var. coerulea Ituango	巴西 Brazil
9	C. dowaiana Aurea‘Karen’	哥斯达黎加 Costa Rica	89	C. warneri fma.‘#v1218’	巴西 Brazil
10	C. eldorado fma. concolor	巴西 Brazil	90	C. warneri fma. Amesiana ‘Buenos’	巴西 Brazil
11	C. guttata‘Spot Self’	巴西 Brazil	91	C. White Bridal‘YuKi’	RLC. Angelwalker × Ctt. Candy Tuft
12	C. Clark Hauserman‘Carl’	RLC. Marjorie Hausermann × RLC. Fred Cole	92	C. Yuan Dung swee theart	RLC. Monte Elegante × RLC. Yen Redface
13	C. Hawaiian wedding Song	RLC. Angel Bells × RLC. Claesiana	93	C. Yuan Dung sweet Dragon Fruit	RLC. Monte Elegante × RLC. Yen Redface
14	C. Haw Yuan Angel‘Little Beauty’	RLC. Lemon Tree × RLC. Tassie Barbero	94	Bct. Little Marmaid‘Janet’	C. walkeriana × Bsn. Maikai
15	C. intermedia var. orlata aquinii Coerulea‘Angel Smile’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	95	Bc. Hawaiian Star	B. Little Stars × RLC. Memoria Robert Strait
16	C. intermedia var. venosa	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	96	RLC. Alma kee‘Tipmalee’	RLC. Alma × RLC. Cheah Bean-Kee
17	C. jenmanii fma. concolor ‘Canaima’s Smuggler’	原生品种 Native variety 委内瑞拉 Venezuela	97	RLC. Amy Wakasugi × RLC. Chia Li	RLC. Haw Yuan Angel × RLC. Hsinying Excell.
18	C. jenmanii fma. rosea‘Elizabeth’	原生品种 Native variety 委内瑞拉 Venezuela	98	RLC. Alpha Plus Voirgin	RLC. Donna Kimura × RLC. Sylvia
19	C. labiata Tipo‘#5911’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	99	RLC. Burdekin Wonder ‘Lakeland’	C. Pastoral Symphony × C. walkeriana
20	C. labiata fma. semi-alba‘Caesar’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	100	RLC.‘Clear Butterfly’	RLC. Tassie Barbero × RLC. Kuan-Miao Chen
21	C. labiata fma. Coerulea‘Kumiko’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	101	RLC.‘Chunyeah #8’	RLC. Tassie Barbero × RLC. Kuan-Miao Chen
22	C. labiata fma. Amesiana‘Buenos’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	102	RLC. Chinese Beauty‘Phoenix’	RLC. Moscombe × RLC. Sunset Bay（Miyamoto）.
23	C. labiata fma‘Peggy’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	103	RLC. Chomthong Fancy Huge	RLC. Laddawan Beauty × RLC. Haadyai Delight
24	C. labiata fma.‘RedLipperola’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	104	RLC. Cornerstone	RLC. Bryce Canyon × RLC. Memoria Crispin Rosales
25	C. labiata fma. rubra-splash. ‘Dark Killer’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	105	RLC. Chief sweet orange	Ctt. Tutankamen × RLC. Chyong Guu Chaffinch.
26	C. labiate fma. Amoena‘Ptolemy’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	106	RLC. Cute Lady‘Chirstmas Candy’	Lnt. Bowri-Albida × RLC. Mellowglow
27	C. labiata fma. Rubra‘CH#1’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	107	RLC. Dabbie Miyao	RLC. Memoria Crispin Rosales × Ctt. Porcia
28	C. labiata‘Beta’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	108	RLC. Elegant Dancer‘Rouge’	RLC. Don De Mochaels × RLC. Dark Eyes
29	C. labiata fma. Able‘Princess’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	109	RLC. Golf Green	RLC. Moscombe × RL. digbyana
30	C. lobata fma. Coerulea‘Paul’s hope’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	110	RLC. Taida Eagle Eye	RLC. Meditation × RLC. Madeleine Knowlton.
31	C. luteola（Ecaudor species）	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	111	RLC. Fong Yuan Beauty Red unibow	RLC. Haw Yuan × RLC. Memoria So Lien.
32	C.（loddigesii × dolosa）× Hawaiian wedding song	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar	112	RLC. Lais. Phonix Angel	RLC. Anna-Married Oberholzer × RLC. Chunyeah
33	C. lueddemanniana fma. semi-alba ‘Cerroverde’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	113	RLC. Li Jiuan Dancer	RLC. Time Finney × RLC. Elegant Dancer
34	C. lueddemanniana fma. alba	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	114	RLC. Yuanxiao	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar
35	C. lueddemanniana var. Venous	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	115	RLC. Merry Green‘Emerald’	Cyth. Vienna Woods × C. Ann Follis
36	C. lueddemanniana fma. rubra	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	116	RLC. Jungle Elf	C. esalqueana × C. aclandiae
37	C. luddemanniana fma. Coerule ‘Mieko’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	117	RLC. Chian-Tzy Lass	RLC. Mount Hood × C. Shellie Compton
38	C. luddemannlana fima. Coerulea‘Tina’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	118	RLC. Mem. Anna Baluores × Benaty oirl‘Convex’	C. Memoeia Robert Strait × RLC. Good Newa
39	C. luddemanniana fma. tipo	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	119	RLC. Mystic Isle‘Harrmonicus’	RLC. Memoria Helen Brown × RLC. Destiny.
40	C. mantlquelrae‘Wasen’	原生品种 Native variety 佛罗里达 Florida	120	RLC. Machina Yahiro	RLC. Meditation × RLC. Donna Kimura.
41	C. maxima fma. sLC‘Vigour Rainbow’	原生品种 Native variety 厄瓜多尔 Ecuador	121	RLC. Mr. Chang‘Coach’	RLC. Chief Bride × C. Memoria Robert Strait.
42	C. maxima var. Tipo	原生品种 Native variety 厄瓜多尔 Ecuador	122	RLC. （milleri × Aloha Case）‘Mars’	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar
43	C. maxima seni-aibo‘CH-3’	原生品种 Native variety 厄瓜多尔 Ecuador	123	RLC. Pamela Finney‘Little Cattle’	C. Irene Finney × RLC. Pamela Hetherington
44	C. maxima‘#1201’	原生品种 Native variety 厄瓜多尔 Ecuador	124	RLC. Vigour Pinky Empress ‘Ju-Sen’	RLC. Mount hood × RLC. Bryce Canyon
45	C. maxima fma. Tipo ‘Ecaudor’ select #2’	原生品种 Native variety 厄瓜多尔 Ecuador	125	RLC. Vigour Mina‘Selected Gold’	RLC. Wei Sheng Gold × C. Peckaviensis
46	C. maxima fma. Coerulea ‘Hector’ SM/JOGA/AOS	原生品种 Native variety 厄瓜多尔 Ecuador	126	RLC. Vigour Jade‘Green Jade’	RLC. Ports of Paradise × RLC. Sweet Envy.
47	C.（maxima × dayana）‘Vigour’	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar	127	RLC. Vigour‘Pecach’	RLC. Elegant Dancer × RLC. Li Cheng Star
48	C. maxima‘Pink Queen’	原生品种 Native variety 厄瓜多尔 Ecuador	128	RLC. Vigour Red Grape	RLC. Lucky Strike × C. Albert Hollingsworth
49	C. Maikai‘Mayumi’	B. nodosa × Gur. bowringiana	129	RLC. Vigour Greensplash	RLC. Greenwich × RLC. Suan Puttan.
50	C. Mona Pink‘Hiromi’	Laeliocattleya Pri Pri × Laelia Mini Purple	130	RLC. Vigour joyana Yellow River	RLC. Liu’s Joyance × Rl. digbyana.
51	C. mossiae‘vz#1103’	原生品种 Native variety 委内瑞拉 Venezuela	131	RLC. Vigour Dargon Cat‘Totoro’	RLC. Memoria Anna Balmores × RLC. Beauty Girl
52	C. mossiae‘vz#1106’	原生品种 Native variety 委内瑞拉 Venezuela	132	RLC. Vigour‘Venus’	C. Aloha Case × C. violacea.
53	C. mossiae Aguinii‘San Joe’	原生品种 Native variety 委内瑞拉 Venezuela	133	RLC. Vigour Greenrama‘Mina’	RLC. Greenwich × C. Colorama.
54	C. mossiae fma. alba	原生品种 Native variety 委内瑞拉 Venezuela	134	RLC. Vigour Elecorn	RLC. Elegant Dancer × RLC. Cornerstone.
55	C. mossiae fma. coerulea	原生品种 Native variety 委内瑞拉 Venezuela	135	RLC. Sanyang Ruby‘XingMei’	RLC. Waianae Coast × RLC. Chia Lin
56	C. Memorial Crispin Rosales ‘Victory’	RLC. Bonanza × RLC. Norman’s Bay	136	RLC. Kat Green Power‘Big 3G’	RLC. Waianae Coast × RLC. Chia Lin
57	C. nobilior fma. semi-alba‘160402’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	137	RLC. Siao-cing Beauty‘Vicky’	RLC. Ching Hua Flame × RLC. Sanyung Ruby
58	C. nobilior Tipo‘Selected Shonan’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	138	RLC. Samantha Dunan	C. Little Precious × RLC. Hawaiian Porminence
59	C. nobilior Coerulea × Sib	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	139	RLC. Super Storm	RLC. Shinfong Green × RLC. Apricot Flare
60	C. Orglade’s Grand‘Tian Mu’	RLC. Mildred Rives × C. Persepolis	140	RLC. Spanish Eyes Golden Mine	RLC. Apricot Flare × C. Memoria Wang Tzu-Chang
61	C. percivalliana‘Paolo’	原生品种 Native variety 委内瑞拉 Venezuela	141	RLC.‘Taichung Beauty’	RLC. Pamela Finney × RLC. Elegant Dancer
62	C. perrinii Zephyr’s Blue	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	142	RLC. Taiwan Ruby‘Chang Lu’	C. Bonanza × RLC. Norman’s Bay
63	C. Portia fma. coerulea	Gur. bowringiana × C. labiata	143	RLC. Lucky Strike‘Stone’	RLC. Memoria × C. Bonanza（Bracey）
64	C. Portia‘Karizona’	Gur. Bowringiana × C. labiata	144	Ctyh. Greenbird‘Brillants’	C. Luata × Epi. cinnabarinum
65	C. purpurata fma. Werkhanseri ‘Chinghua’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	145	Cyth. Siam jade AVO	B. nodosa × C. milleri
66	C. purpurata fma. carnea	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	146	Ctt. Chief. Berry	Ctt. Sunrise Doll × C. Love Castle. Mericlone
67	C. purpurata fma. Carnea‘Sabrina’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	147	BC. Richard. Muller	C. Penny Kuroda × Ctyh. Vienns Woods
68	C. purpurata fma. virginalis	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	148	Ctt. Little Falry	C. Netrasiri Beauty × Ctt. Kauai Starbright.
69	C. purpurata fma. ‘Werkhauserii flamea Brasilia’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	149	Ctt. Chief Dancing‘Red Dream’	C. Love Castle × Ctt. Dancing Ruby.
70	C. purpurata fma. Sanguinea‘s615’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	150	Ctt. Sakura Candy OG	C. Starry Sky × Ctt. Candy Tuft.
71	C. speciosa fma. semi-alba	原生品种 Native variety 墨西哥 Mexico	151	Ctt. Tiny Treasure	Ctt. Porcia × C. lucasiana
72	C. schroederae‘SCOII’	原生品种 Native variety 哥伦比亚 Colombia	152	C.（loddigesii × Alohcase）	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar
73	C. shieilie Compton‘21129’	原生品种 Native variety 佛罗里达 Florida	153	BL. Morning Glory‘Velentine Kiss’× C. walkeriania‘Edward’	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar
74	C. Spuersomic‘Striking Lip’	RLC. Little Oliver × C. purpurata	154	RLC. Hua Yuan Gold	RLC. Lemon Tree × RLC. Tassie Barbero
75	C. tenebrosa‘Kathleen’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	155	RLC. Oconee × RLC. Coldeneelle Red Dragon	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar
76	C. tenebrosa‘Kingbrown’	原生品种 Native variety 巴西 Brazil	156	C. crispate × L. jongheane	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar
77	C. trianaei var. mooreana‘Sammit’	原生品种 Native variety 哥伦比亚 Colombia	157	Rl. digbyana × slb	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar
78	C. trianaei fma. Coerulea ‘Long tongue’	原生品种 Native variety 哥伦比亚 Colombia	158	Ctt. Blue‘Angel Glove’	Ctt. Blue Boy × C. Mini Purple
79	C. trianaei fma. Albescens‘Qandro’	原生品种 Native variety 哥伦比亚 Colombia	159	Gur. patiniir #5	杂交品种 Hybrid cultivar
80	C. trianaei Concolor‘CH.10’	原生品种 Native variety 哥伦比亚 Colombia	160	RLC. Sung Ya Green	RLC. Ports of Paradise × RLC. Meadow Morn

引物名称 SSR locus	等位基因数 N_a	有效等位基因 N_e	观察杂合度 H_o	期望杂合度 H_e	Shannon’s信息指数 I	多态性信息量 PIC
SSR1	17	4.9315	0.1983	0.8017	2.0427	0.8022
SSR2	15	5.2073	0.2889	0.8125	1.9563	0.8029
SSR3	22	6.3540	0.0930	0.8475	2.2273	0.8079
SSR4	26	5.9016	0.0778	0.8352	2.2879	0.8247
SSR5	10	4.4878	0.2184	0.7816	1.8135	0.8285
SSR6	25	6.2718	0.1778	0.8453	2.2713	0.8322
SSR7	25	7.9373	0.2556	0.8789	2.5125	0.8374
SSR8	14	5.6643	0.1719	0.8281	2.0585	0.8387
SSR9	25	7.5000	0.1000	0.8715	2.5188	0.8451
SSR10	18	6.9767	0.1111	0.8615	2.2085	0.8490
SSR11	28	9.0604	0.3333	0.8946	2.6569	0.8506
SSR12	20	6.0651	0.1236	0.8398	2.1680	0.8521
SSR13	20	5.9378	0.1236	0.8363	2.1015	0.8527
SSR14	24	5.9669	0.2222	0.8371	2.1559	0.8562
SSR15	24	8.2025	0.0778	0.8830	2.4961	0.8616
SSR16	19	7.6850	0.1667	0.8747	2.3045	0.8634
SSR17	18	7.3237	0.2556	0.8683	2.2771	0.8723
SSR18	27	10.4113	0.2333	0.9090	2.7054	0.8884
SSR19	27	9.5204	0.2472	0.9000	2.6187	0.8952
SSR20	19	9.2519	0.0111	0.8969	2.4897	0.8989
SSR21	25	11.3889	0.0562	0.9173	2.7150	0.9020
SSR22	17	12.2727	0.0764	0.9236	2.6292	0.9065
平均 Mean	21.14	7.4690	0.1645	0.8611	2.3280	0.8531

引物名称 SSR locus	等位基因数 N_a	有效等位基因 N_e	观察杂合度 H_o	期望杂合度 H_e	Shannon’s信息指数 I	多态性信息量 PIC
SSR1	17	4.9315	0.1983	0.8017	2.0427	0.8022
SSR2	15	5.2073	0.2889	0.8125	1.9563	0.8029
SSR3	22	6.3540	0.0930	0.8475	2.2273	0.8079
SSR4	26	5.9016	0.0778	0.8352	2.2879	0.8247
SSR5	10	4.4878	0.2184	0.7816	1.8135	0.8285
SSR6	25	6.2718	0.1778	0.8453	2.2713	0.8322
SSR7	25	7.9373	0.2556	0.8789	2.5125	0.8374
SSR8	14	5.6643	0.1719	0.8281	2.0585	0.8387
SSR9	25	7.5000	0.1000	0.8715	2.5188	0.8451
SSR10	18	6.9767	0.1111	0.8615	2.2085	0.8490
SSR11	28	9.0604	0.3333	0.8946	2.6569	0.8506
SSR12	20	6.0651	0.1236	0.8398	2.1680	0.8521
SSR13	20	5.9378	0.1236	0.8363	2.1015	0.8527
SSR14	24	5.9669	0.2222	0.8371	2.1559	0.8562
SSR15	24	8.2025	0.0778	0.8830	2.4961	0.8616
SSR16	19	7.6850	0.1667	0.8747	2.3045	0.8634
SSR17	18	7.3237	0.2556	0.8683	2.2771	0.8723
SSR18	27	10.4113	0.2333	0.9090	2.7054	0.8884
SSR19	27	9.5204	0.2472	0.9000	2.6187	0.8952
SSR20	19	9.2519	0.0111	0.8969	2.4897	0.8989
SSR21	25	11.3889	0.0562	0.9173	2.7150	0.9020
SSR22	17	12.2727	0.0764	0.9236	2.6292	0.9065
平均 Mean	21.14	7.4690	0.1645	0.8611	2.3280	0.8531

GLM（Q）				MLM（Q + K）
性状 Characteristic	标记 Marker	P值 P value	表型解释率/% Phenotypic interpretation rate	性状 Characteristic	标记 Marker	P值 P value	表型解释率/% Phenotypic interpr etation rate
花长 Flower length	SSR9	0.0035	37.16	花长 Flower length	SSR9	0.0138	21.08
	SSR7	0.0176	38.46		SSR6	0.0062	13.99
	SSR6	0.0082	21.14		SSR31	0.0192	15.47
	SSR48	0.0438	11.76	花宽度 Flower width	SSR20	0.0229	18.28
	SSR14	0.0240	20.19	花宽度 Flower width	SSR42	0.0283	12.58
花色 Flower color	SSR21	0.0331	42.50	花色 Flower color	SSR9	0.0373	19.08
花色 Flower color	SSR26	0.0386	34.44	花色 Flower color	SSR31	0.0268	14.98
萼片颜色分布 Sepal color distribution	SSR38	0.0095	34.13	萼片颜色分布 Sepal color distribution	SSR18	0.0341	18.24
萼片颜色分布 Sepal color distribution	SSR31	0.0390	23.00	中萼片形状 Mesosepal shape	SSR38	0.0200	19.70
中萼片形状 Mesosepal shape	SSR37	0.0189	34.53	中萼片形状 Mesosepal shape	SSR42	0.0046	18.14
	SSR38	0.0291	31.24	侧萼片形状 Lateral sepal shape	SSR3	0.0385	8.59
	SSR42	0.0061	28.31
	SSR17	0.0439	14.16

Association Analysis of Cattleya DUS Test Characteristics and SSR Markers

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[1]	TIAN Wen, LI Zichen, WANG Lin, WANG Dajiang, WANG Kun, SUN Simiao, WANG Guangyi, LIU Zhao, LU Xiang, FENG Jianrong, and GAO Yuan, . Advances in Genome-Wide Association Study Associated Important Traits in Apple [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(7): 1565-1579.
[2]	QIN Yu, GUO Rongkun, NONG Huilan, WANG Yan, CUI Kai, DONG Ningguang. Using the Fluorescent Labeled SSR Markers to Establish Molecular Identity of Hawthorn [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(6): 1227-1240.
[3]	ZHANG Zhenghai, WANG Yongfu, WU Huamao, YU Hailong, CAO Yacong, FENG Xigang, WANG Lihao. Advances in Genetic Mapping and Candidate Gene Analysis of Important Traits in Pepper（Capsicum spp.） [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(3): 669-696.
[4]	DONG Shuchao, HONG Jun, LING Jiayi, XIE Zixin, ZHANG Shengjun, ZHAO Liping, SONG Liuxia, WANG Yinlei, ZHAO Tongmin. Genome-wide Association Studies of Drought Tolerance in Tomato [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(2): 229-238.
[5]	XU Qin, WANG Jiaying, ZHANG Mannan, XIAO Zhihao, ZHENG Hankai, LU Yong'en, WANG Taotao, ZHANG Yuyang, ZHANG Junhong, YE Zhibiao, YE Jie. Identification of Genetic Loci and Molecular Marker Development of Salt Tolerance in Tomato Seedlings [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(2): 239-252.
[6]	YUE Linqing, WU Yichao, HE Xingxing, XIANG Mingyan, WANG Jin, WU Zheng, ZHU Shiguo, DING Mengqi, ZHANG Jian, FANG Xiaomei, YI Zelin. SSR Marker Association Analysis and Fingerprint Construction of Main Traits of Plum Fruit [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(11): 2495-2509.
[7]	ZHANG Lilan, YANG Jun, WANG Rangjian. Mining of Genetic Locus of Phenylethyl Alcohol Primrose Glycoside Abundance in Tea Plants [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(1): 77-90.
[8]	KAN Zhiyong, ZHANG Dehui, LI Zhongxing, YU Sisi, QIAN Qian, FAN Tianle, LI Xuewei, MA Fengwang, GUAN Qingmei. Evaluation of Cold Tolerance of 90 Apple Cultivars and Genome Wide Association Analysis [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(5): 921-932.
[9]	LIU Yiping, NI Menghui, WU Fangfang, LIU Hongli, HE Dan, KONG Dezheng. Association Analysis of Organ Traits with SSR Markers in Lotus（Nelumbo nucifera） [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(1): 103-115.
[10]	ZHAO Yujing, LU Yin, FENG Daling, LUO Lei, WU Fang, YANG Rui, CHEN Yueqi, SUN Xiaoxue, WANG Yanhua, CHEN Xueping, SHEN Shuxing, LUO Shuangxia, ZHAO Jianjun. Association Analysis Between Background Selection InDel Markers and Important Agronomic Traits in Inbred Lines of Chinese Cabbage [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(7): 1282-1294.
[11]	LIU Genzhong, SHI Chunmei, YU Huiyang, WANG Ying, CHEN Weifang, SHANG Lele, ZHANG Yuyang, YE Zhibiao. Identification and Functional Verification of Tomato Stem Internode Length Genes IL10 and IL11 [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(7): 1340-1348.
[12]	JIA Huixia, LI Xixiang, SONG Jiangping, LIN Yu’e, ZHANG Xiaohui, QIU Yang, YANG Wenlong, LOU Qunfeng, WANG Haiping. Genome-Wide Association Study of Powdery Mildew Resistance of Cucumber Core Germplasms [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(7): 1371-1385.
[13]	JIANG Xibing, ZHANG Pingsheng, XU Yang, WU Conglian, ZHANG Dongbei, GONG Bangchu, WU Kaiyun, LAI Junsheng. Genetic Diversity of F₁ Hybrids of Chestnut Based on SSR Markers [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(5): 897-907.
[14]	DONG Yi, FENG Yufei, XU Zhongmin, WANG Shimin, TANG Honglü, HUANG Wei. Analysis of the Relationship Between Genetic Distance and Heterosis by SSR Markers in Cabbage(Brassica oleracea var. capitata) [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(5): 934-946.
[15]	JIANG Shuang, ZHANG Xueying, AN Haishan, XU Fangjie, ZHANG Jiaying. Development and Analysis of Polymorphism of SSR Markers in the Whole Genome of Loquat [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(5): 1013-1022.