Analysis of the Relationship Between Genetic Distance and Heterosis by SSR Markers in Cabbage(Brassica oleracea var. capitata)

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0772

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (5): 934-946.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0772

• Research Papers • Previous Articles Next Articles

Analysis of the Relationship Between Genetic Distance and Heterosis by SSR Markers in Cabbage(Brassica oleracea var. capitata)

DONG Yi, FENG Yufei, XU Zhongmin^*(), WANG Shimin, TANG Honglü, HUANG Wei

College of Horticulture,Northwest A & F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China

Received:2020-11-12 Revised:2021-03-24 Online:2021-05-25 Published:2021-06-07
Contact: XU Zhongmin E-mail:xuzhongmin2003@126.com

Abstract

Abstract:

SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 23 spring cabbage and 29 autumn cabbage inbred lines. The results showed that the 23 spring cabbage inbred lines were classified into two major groups,namely the extremely early maturing group and the early maturing group at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.61. Meanwhile,twenty-nine inbred lines of autumn cabbage were classified into three groups,namely middle-late maturing,middle-early maturing,and middle maturing group. Fifteen inbred lines were selected to make 105 hybrid combinations with complete diallel method to analyze their heterosis and explore the relationship between genetic distance and heterosis by SSR markers. At the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.58,the heterosis analysis of 105 hybrid combinations obtained from 15 parental materials meant that the offspring produced by crosses among different groups or between different subgroups of the same group had stronger heterosis. Coefficient among genetic distance based on polymorphism of SSR markers and gross weight mid-parental heterosis was significant at 0.01 level. Thus,the classification based on SSR markers had a certain value for heterosis prediction. In addition,this study also found that among 105 hybrid combinations,the 10 combinations with the strongest mid-parental heterosis among gross weight was spring cabbage × autumn cabbage,indicating that the combination of spring cabbage × autumn cabbage had a potential utilization on heterosis breeding.

Key words: cabbage, SSR marker, heterosis, genetic distance, cluster analysis, prediction

CLC Number:

S635.1

DONG Yi, FENG Yufei, XU Zhongmin, WANG Shimin, TANG Honglü, HUANG Wei. Analysis of the Relationship Between Genetic Distance and Heterosis by SSR Markers in Cabbage(Brassica oleracea var. capitata)[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(5): 934-946.

Figures/Tables 8

References 39

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亲本代号 Parent code	自交系名称 Line name	群 Group	球形 Spherical	熟性 Maturity	外叶叶色 Outer leaf color	蜡粉 Wax powder	来源 Origin
AD01	XFM01	秋Ⅰ-1 AutumnⅠ-1	扁圆Oblate	中晚熟Mid-late maturity	灰绿 Gray green	较多 More	中国China
AD02	DH13EC-5	秋Ⅰ-1 AutumnⅠ-1	扁圆Oblate	中晚熟Mid-late maturity	灰绿Gray green	多 Many	小孢子培养 Double haploid
AD03	DH12-LY	秋Ⅲ Autumn Ⅲ	圆Round	中熟Mid-maturity	灰绿 Gray green	较多 More	小孢子培养 Double haploid
AD04	YZ06-81	秋Ⅲ Autumn Ⅲ	圆 Round	中熟Mid-maturity	灰绿Gray green	较多 More	荷兰Netherlands
AD05	YP07	秋Ⅰ-2 AutumnⅠ-2	扁圆Oblate	中晚熟Mid-late maturity	绿Green	少Least	中国China
AD06	Y03	秋Ⅱ-1 AutumnⅡ-1	扁圆Oblate	中早熟Mid-early maturity	灰绿Gray green	多Many	中国China
AD07	HM1720-1	秋Ⅰ-1 AutumnⅠ-1	扁圆Oblate	中晚熟 Mid-late maturity	灰绿Gray green	多Many	中国China
AD08	GW2003-583	春Ⅱ SpringⅡ	圆Round	早熟Early maturity	灰绿Gray green	较少Less	中国China
AD09	HF98-1	春Ⅰ-2 SpringⅠ-2	圆Round	极早熟Earliest maturity	黄绿Yellow green	少Least	中国China
AD10	MP01	春Ⅰ-3 SpringⅠ-3	圆Round	极早熟Earliest maturity	绿Green	少Least	中国China
AD11	DHB02	春Ⅰ-1 SpringⅠ-1	圆Round	极早熟Earliest maturity	黄绿Yellow green	少Least	小孢子培养 Double haploid
AD12	DH12-3	春Ⅰ-1 SpringⅠ-1	圆Round	极早熟Earliest maturity	黄绿Yellow green	少Least	小孢子培养 Double haploid
AD13	DHB1510	春Ⅰ-4 SpringⅠ-4	圆Round	极早熟Earliest maturity	绿Green	少Least	小孢子培养 Double haploid
AD14	S3-7	春Ⅰ-3 SpringⅠ-3	圆Round	极早熟 Earliest maturity	绿Green	少Least	日本Japan
AD15	S3-23	春Ⅰ-3 SpringⅠ-3	圆Round	极早熟 Earliest maturity	绿Green	少Least	日本Japan

亲本代号 Parent code	自交系名称 Line name	群 Group	球形 Spherical	熟性 Maturity	外叶叶色 Outer leaf color	蜡粉 Wax powder	来源 Origin
AD01	XFM01	秋Ⅰ-1 AutumnⅠ-1	扁圆Oblate	中晚熟Mid-late maturity	灰绿 Gray green	较多 More	中国China
AD02	DH13EC-5	秋Ⅰ-1 AutumnⅠ-1	扁圆Oblate	中晚熟Mid-late maturity	灰绿Gray green	多 Many	小孢子培养 Double haploid
AD03	DH12-LY	秋Ⅲ Autumn Ⅲ	圆Round	中熟Mid-maturity	灰绿 Gray green	较多 More	小孢子培养 Double haploid
AD04	YZ06-81	秋Ⅲ Autumn Ⅲ	圆 Round	中熟Mid-maturity	灰绿Gray green	较多 More	荷兰Netherlands
AD05	YP07	秋Ⅰ-2 AutumnⅠ-2	扁圆Oblate	中晚熟Mid-late maturity	绿Green	少Least	中国China
AD06	Y03	秋Ⅱ-1 AutumnⅡ-1	扁圆Oblate	中早熟Mid-early maturity	灰绿Gray green	多Many	中国China
AD07	HM1720-1	秋Ⅰ-1 AutumnⅠ-1	扁圆Oblate	中晚熟 Mid-late maturity	灰绿Gray green	多Many	中国China
AD08	GW2003-583	春Ⅱ SpringⅡ	圆Round	早熟Early maturity	灰绿Gray green	较少Less	中国China
AD09	HF98-1	春Ⅰ-2 SpringⅠ-2	圆Round	极早熟Earliest maturity	黄绿Yellow green	少Least	中国China
AD10	MP01	春Ⅰ-3 SpringⅠ-3	圆Round	极早熟Earliest maturity	绿Green	少Least	中国China
AD11	DHB02	春Ⅰ-1 SpringⅠ-1	圆Round	极早熟Earliest maturity	黄绿Yellow green	少Least	小孢子培养 Double haploid
AD12	DH12-3	春Ⅰ-1 SpringⅠ-1	圆Round	极早熟Earliest maturity	黄绿Yellow green	少Least	小孢子培养 Double haploid
AD13	DHB1510	春Ⅰ-4 SpringⅠ-4	圆Round	极早熟Earliest maturity	绿Green	少Least	小孢子培养 Double haploid
AD14	S3-7	春Ⅰ-3 SpringⅠ-3	圆Round	极早熟 Earliest maturity	绿Green	少Least	日本Japan
AD15	S3-23	春Ⅰ-3 SpringⅠ-3	圆Round	极早熟 Earliest maturity	绿Green	少Least	日本Japan

性状 Trait	超亲优势High-parent heterosis				中亲优势Mid-parent heterosis
性状 Trait	正向优势/个 Positive heterosis	负向优势/个 Negative heterosis	变幅/% Range	平均值/% Mean	正向优势/个 Positive heterosis	负向优势/个 Negative heterosis	变幅/% Range	平均值/% Mean
株高PH	57	48	-22.23 ~ 44.45	3.01 ± 14.71	88	17	-19.31 ~ 48.28	13.81 ± 13.99
株幅PW	72	33	-30.88 ~ 35.78	4.37 ± 13.45	90	15	-25.62 ~ 61.00	16.58 ± 15.09
中心柱长CL	81	23	-45.62 ~ 57.35	14.18 ± 20.85	101	4	-32.82 ~ 76.59	26.17 ± 19.90
外叶数NOL	4	100	-53.09 ~ 8.54	-23.98 ± 12.63	16	87	-35.00 ~ 25.29	-12.14 ± 12.73
外叶质量WOL	45	56	-61.76 ~ 69.84	-4.54 ± 29.07	83	22	-41.57 ~ 102.22	28.20 ± 31.02
单球质量HW	90	14	-36.34 ~ 172.15	53.01 ± 52.34	101	4	-36.34 ~ 225.56	80.37 ± 52.37
全株质量GW	88	17	-39.84 ~ 123.25	30.69 ± 35.98	100	5	-17.81 ~ 161.14	63.27 ± 39.43

性状 Trait	超亲优势High-parent heterosis				中亲优势Mid-parent heterosis
性状 Trait	正向优势/个 Positive heterosis	负向优势/个 Negative heterosis	变幅/% Range	平均值/% Mean	正向优势/个 Positive heterosis	负向优势/个 Negative heterosis	变幅/% Range	平均值/% Mean
株高PH	57	48	-22.23 ~ 44.45	3.01 ± 14.71	88	17	-19.31 ~ 48.28	13.81 ± 13.99
株幅PW	72	33	-30.88 ~ 35.78	4.37 ± 13.45	90	15	-25.62 ~ 61.00	16.58 ± 15.09
中心柱长CL	81	23	-45.62 ~ 57.35	14.18 ± 20.85	101	4	-32.82 ~ 76.59	26.17 ± 19.90
外叶数NOL	4	100	-53.09 ~ 8.54	-23.98 ± 12.63	16	87	-35.00 ~ 25.29	-12.14 ± 12.73
外叶质量WOL	45	56	-61.76 ~ 69.84	-4.54 ± 29.07	83	22	-41.57 ~ 102.22	28.20 ± 31.02
单球质量HW	90	14	-36.34 ~ 172.15	53.01 ± 52.34	101	4	-36.34 ~ 225.56	80.37 ± 52.37
全株质量GW	88	17	-39.84 ~ 123.25	30.69 ± 35.98	100	5	-17.81 ~ 161.14	63.27 ± 39.43

亲本代号 Parent code	超亲优势 High-parent heterosis							中亲优势 Mid-parent heterosis
亲本代号 Parent code	株高/% PH	株幅/% PW	中心柱长/% CL	外叶数/% NOL	外叶质量/% WOL	单球质量/% HW	全株质量/% GW	株高/% PH	株幅/% PW	中心柱长/% CL	外叶数/% NOL	外叶质量/% WOL	单球质量/% HW	全株质量/% GW
AD01	1.65	4.07	20.59	-24.97	-21.80	25.52	5.01	11.76	17.74	44.61	-14.90	13.53	61.85	44.97
AD02	9.75	13.25	29.07	-12.39	10.33	91.06	58.26	18.55	23.63	39.13	-0.10	46.83	117.25	88.90
AD03	-3.69	8.11	32.07	-42.68	-22.77	77.48	27.25	9.86	18.72	48.07	-24.23	8.71	101.79	55.56
AD04	2.27	6.55	17.69	-23.27	-2.86	9.72	7.37	12.80	18.77	26.26	-13.12	27.22	39.79	38.56
AD05	16.68	9.73	14.25	-18.38	0.52	70.63	42.28	28.86	19.67	22.73	-6.30	33.88	95.36	71.92
AD06	5.25	12.00	22.01	-27.81	13.69	80.68	51.25	13.93	23.27	30.70	-17.51	42.60	106.02	82.77
AD07	6.97	10.71	17.67	-17.60	15.84	56.00	48.89	19.60	20.42	26.59	-6.49	47.38	85.33	76.25
AD08	-8.43	4.63	19.55	-25.75	-3.87	54.70	31.82	1.45	13.44	30.00	-17.34	20.93	75.59	57.09
AD09	6.03	3.61	15.14	-25.48	-9.84	58.21	29.67	14.61	16.39	24.46	-10.34	21.81	83.25	62.20
AD10	3.25	-9.41	-17.66	-22.33	-19.06	12.01	10.84	11.66	-1.81	4.08	-8.36	5.08	38.17	30.02
AD11	5.52	0.26	11.77	-22.66	-8.54	59.14	30.95	16.02	28.37	25.12	-4.18	39.35	60.33	74.87
AD12	-7.39	7.09	11.92	-26.65	1.35	63.14	40.56	3.43	16.41	19.97	-18.53	27.80	86.23	66.84
AD13	-8.79	-12.68	-0.57	-28.65	-31.26	3.63	-6.07	-0.25	-3.35	16.26	-20.63	-12.88	28.66	16.05
AD14	8.31	-0.62	6.64	-25.01	-2.24	66.59	37.60	20.46	11.63	22.69	-16.72	35.17	111.92	82.18
AD15	7.79	8.21	12.54	-16.08	12.44	66.76	44.71	22.08	23.27	23.65	-6.25	50.33	96.29	81.50

Analysis of the Relationship Between Genetic Distance and Heterosis by SSR Markers in Cabbage(Brassica oleracea var. capitata)

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类别 Category	杂交组合 Hybrid combination	全株质量中亲优势/% GW-MPH	全株质量超亲优势/% GW-HPH	单球质量中亲优势/% HW-MPH	单球质量超亲优势/% HW-HPH	杂交模式 Combining pattern
春甘蓝 × 春甘蓝 Spring cabbage × Spring cabbage	AD14(Ⅰ-3)× AD11(Ⅰ-1)	99.48	96.41	111.35	94.77	亚群间杂交 Intersubgroup hybridization
	AD15(Ⅰ-3)× AD09(Ⅰ-2)	97.15	94.78	106.56	103.23	亚群间杂交 Intersubgroup hybridization
	AD14(Ⅰ-3)× AD12(Ⅰ-1)	92.24	46.51	115.54	66.67	亚群间杂交 Intersubgroup hybridization
	AD15(Ⅰ-3)× AD11(Ⅰ-1)	91.20	69.96	82.22	82.22	亚群间杂交 Intersubgroup hybridization
	AD15(Ⅰ-3)× AD08(Ⅱ)	86.00	56.30	108.57	82.50	群间杂交 Intergroup hybridization
秋甘蓝 × 秋甘蓝 Autumn cabbage × Autumn cabbage	AD07(Ⅰ-1)× AD05(Ⅰ-2)	109.64	96.92	135.53	116.82	亚群间杂交 Intersubgroup hybridization
	AD06(Ⅱ)× AD05(Ⅰ-2)	97.85	59.54	150.53	118.52	群间杂交 Intergroup hybridization
	AD06(Ⅱ)× AD02(Ⅰ-1)	84.62	55.84	129.52	120.09	群间杂交 Intergroup hybridization
	AD06(Ⅱ)× AD03(Ⅲ)	83.11	43.73	153.92	150.24	群间杂交 Intergroup hybridization
	AD07(Ⅰ-1)× AD03(Ⅲ)	61.74	46.95	105.30	68.85	群间杂交 Intergroup hybridization

序号 Code	杂交组合 Hybrid combination	全株质量中亲优势/% GW-MPH	全株质量超亲优势/% GW-HPH	单球质量中亲优势/% HW-MPH	单球质量超亲优势/% HW-HPH	杂交模式 Combining pattern
1	AD11 × AD02	161.14	83.98	167.58	167.58	春Ⅰ× 秋Ⅰ SpringⅠ× AutumnⅠ
2	AD15 × AD06	150.98	121.38	174.02	159.70	春Ⅰ× 秋Ⅱ SpringⅠ× AutumnⅡ
3	AD14 × AD02	150.84	78.35	225.56	167.58	春Ⅰ× 秋Ⅰ SpringⅠ× AutumnⅠ
4	AD14 × AD06	149.12	100.94	180.70	138.81	春Ⅰ× 秋Ⅱ SpringⅠ× AutumnⅡ
5	AD12 × AD07	145.89	123.25	172.54	145.79	春Ⅰ× 秋Ⅰ SpringⅠ× AutumnⅠ
6	AD09 × AD02	139.10	83.98	194.32	172.15	春Ⅰ× 秋Ⅰ SpringⅠ× AutumnⅠ
7	AD11 × AD05	135.03	60.31	121.48	121.48	春Ⅰ× 秋Ⅰ SpringⅠ× AutumnⅠ
8	AD12 × AD03	120.65	83.87	199.35	169.77	春Ⅰ× 秋 Ⅲ SpringⅠ× Autumn Ⅲ
9	AD08 × AD02	119.78	94.81	171.90	160.00	春Ⅱ× 秋Ⅰ SpringⅡ× AutumnⅠ
10	AD10 × AD02	119.56	113.50	150.49	93.98	春Ⅰ× 秋Ⅰ SpringⅠ× AutumnⅠ

遗传距离Genetic distance	株高PH		株幅PW		中心柱长CL		外叶数NOL		外叶质量WOL		单球质量HW		全株质量GW
遗传距离Genetic distance	中亲 MPH	超亲 HPH	中亲 MPH	超亲 HPH	中亲 MPH	超亲 HPH	中亲 MPH	超亲 HPH	中亲 MPH	超亲 HPH	中亲 MPH	超亲 HPH	中亲 MPH	超亲 HPH
分子遗传距离	0.048	0.038	0.278^**	0.246^*	0.142	0.121	0.079	-0.047	0.285^**	0.152	0.15	0.13	0.230^*	0.165
MGD	0.048	0.038	0.278^**	0.246^*	0.142	0.121	0.079	-0.047	0.285^**	0.152	0.15	0.13	0.230^*	0.165

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