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Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (6): 1363-1370.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-1057

• Research Notes • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Comparison of Growth and Secondary Metabolites of Purple and White Flower Dracocephalum moldavica Under Field,Greenhouse and Greenhouse Shading Conditions

LI Xiaoming(), YU Junchi, WANG Chunxia   

  1. College of Horticulture,Shenyang Agricultural University,Demonstration Center of Undergraduate Experimental Teaching in Colleges and Universities of Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110866,China
  • Received:2021-03-02 Revised:2021-08-20 Online:2022-06-25 Published:2022-07-05
  • Contact: LI Xiaoming E-mail:lixm@syau.edu.cn

Abstract:

Dracocephalum moldavica is an annual herb of Labiatae,which is used for Mongolian and Uyghur medicine in China. The growth characteristics and the secondary metabolites content of purple and white flower D. moldavica under three cultivation conditions of field,greenhouse and greenhouse shading were compared. The results showed that the plant height,internode length,leaf area and specific leaf area increased significantly under the three cultivation conditions; Leaf,palisade tissue(P)and sponge tissue(S)thickness,stomatal index and stomatal density decreased significantly,and P/S increased significantly. The increase of leaf area of purple flower D. moldavica was significantly higher than that of white D. moldavica,and the decrease of leaf thickness,palisade tissue thickness,sponge tissue thickness and stomatal density were lower than that of white D. moldavica. Under field conditions,the contents of chlorophyll,carotenoid and anthocyanin in purple flower D. moldavica were significantly higher than that in the white one,and the content of total flavonoids was significantly lower than that in the white one. Under greenhouse conditions,the anthocyanin content of stem epidermis of purple flower D. moldavica was significantly lower than that under open ground conditions,and the chlorophyll and carotenoid content of white flower D. moldavica were significantly lower. The anthocyanin content in leaves increased significantly. Under greenhouse shading conditions,the contents of chlorophyll,carotenoid and anthocyanin in the leaves of the purple and white flower D. moldavica were significantly higher than those in the greenhouse. Anthocyanins are almost free in the white flower D. moldavica,which is not affected by cultivation conditions. The main volatile components in the fresh samples are nerol,geraniol,nerolaldehyde and geraniol. The relative contents of nerolaldehyde and geraniol in white flower D. moldavica are higher than those in purple flower one. The yield of crude essential oil from the purple and white flower D. moldavica was 0.25%-0.27%,and there was no significant difference between them.

Key words: Dracocephalum moldavica, purple and white flower, anatomical structure, anthocyanin, total flavonoid, volatile component

CLC Number: