文心兰β-胡萝卜素羟化酶基因家族鉴定与表达分析

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0745

园艺学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (6): 1637-1651.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0745

• 遗传育种·种质资源·分子生物学 • 上一篇下一篇

文心兰β-胡萝卜素羟化酶基因家族鉴定与表达分析

陈燕¹, 郑金璇², 罗远华¹, 陈艺荃¹, 方能炎¹, 钟淮钦¹^,^*()

¹ 福建省农业科学院作物研究所（福建省种质资源中心），福建省特色花卉工程技术研究中心，福州 350013
² 福建农林大学园艺植物生物工程研究所，福州 350002

收稿日期:2025-12-21 修回日期:2026-03-19 出版日期:2026-06-24 发布日期:2026-06-24
通讯作者:
^* E-mail：zhqeast@163.com
基金资助:
福建省自然科学基金项目(2024J08092); 国家自然科学基金项目(32502761); 福建省农业科学院自由探索科技创新项目(ZYTS202405); 国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFD1600505); 福建省农业科学院优秀科技创新人才专项(YCZX202502); 福建省人民政府与中国农业科学院高质量发展超越“5511”协同创新工程项目(XTCXGC2021016); 省级财政花卉产业发展项目(闽林文[2023]107号)

Identification and Expression Analysis of the β-Carotene Hydroxylase Gene Family of Oncidium hybridum

CHEN Yan¹, ZHENG Jinxuan², LUO Yuanhua¹, CHEN Yiquan¹, FANG Nengyan¹, ZHONG Huaiqin¹^,^*()

¹ Institute of Crop Sciences， Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences（Fujian Germplasm Resources Center）/Fujian Engineering Research Center for Characteristic Floriculture， Fuzhou 350013， China
² Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology， Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University， Fuzhou 350002， China

Received:2025-12-21 Revised:2026-03-19 Published:2026-06-24 Online:2026-06-24
Contact:
^* E-mail：zhqeast@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

β-胡萝卜素羟化酶（β-carotene hydroxylase，BCH）是类胡萝卜素合成代谢通路中的关键限速酶。以文心兰基因组数据为基础，对BCH家族进行鉴定，并对其基因结构、染色体定位、理化性质、系统发育及共线性关系等进行分析，同时分析它们在文心兰‘XM-1’花色变化的不同阶段以及文心兰不同品种中的表达情况。结果表明，在文心兰基因组中共鉴定到9个BCH成员，分布于8条染色体上，且存在片段复制事件。系统进化树表明，OnBCH主要聚类在2个分支。上游启动子上分布多种光信号、胁迫反应、生长发育和激素调节元件。qRT-PCR结果表明，OnBCH1/3/4在文心兰‘XM-1’半开放期（S2，黄色）至盛花期（S4，白色）表达量显著下调，与叶黄素、玉米黄质和β-隐黄质含量变化趋势一致，推测OnBCH1/3/4在文心兰‘XM-1’花色变化中发挥重要作用。12份黄色系列文心兰品种的类胡萝卜素含量具有显著差异，结合qRT-PCR结果推测基因OnBCH1/3/4、OnBCH6/7/8/9，在调控类胡萝卜素介导的文心兰呈色功能上具有相似性。通过构建OnBCH的转录因子调控网络，推测MYB-related转录因子evm.model.Chr084.732与BCH3调控模块在文心兰类胡萝卜素介导的花色变化过程中发挥重要作用。

关键词: 文心兰, β-胡萝卜素羟化酶, BCH基因家族, 类胡萝卜素

Abstract:

β-Carotene Hydroxylase（BCH）is a key rate limiting enzyme in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. Based on the genome data of Oncidium hybridum，the BCH family was identified. The gene structure，chromosome localization，physicochemical properties，phylogenetic and collinear relationships of the BCH family were analyzed. The BCHs expression patterns were analyzed at different stages of flower color change in O. hybridum‘XM-1’and among different Oncidium cultivars. The results showed that nine BCH members were identified in the genome of O. hybridum，distributed on eight chromosomes，and there were fragment duplication events. The phylogenetic tree indicated that OnBCH mainly cluster in two branches. The upstream promoter region contained various regulatory elements involved in light signals，stress responses，growth and development，and hormone regulatory elements. The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of OnBCH1/3/4 were significantly down-regulated during the half flowering stage（S2，yellow）to the full flowering stage（S4，white）of‘XM-1’. This trend was consistent with the changes in lutein，zeaxanthin，and β-cryptoxanthin content. It was speculated that OnBCH1/3/4 play an important role in the color dynamics of‘XM-1’. There were significant differences in carotenoid content among 12 cultivars of yellow series O. hybridum. Based on qRT-PCR results，it was speculated that genes OnBCH1/3/4，as well as genes OnBCH6/7/8/9，have similarities in regulating carotenoid mediated coloration function in O. hybridum. An OnBCH transcription factor regulatory network was constructed. It was speculated that the MYB-related transcription factor evm.model.Chr084.732 and the BCH3 regulatory module play important roles in the carotenoid-mediated flower color change process of O. hybridum.

Key words: Oncidium hybridum, β-carotene hydroxylase, BCH gene family, carotenoid

陈燕, 郑金璇, 罗远华, 陈艺荃, 方能炎, 钟淮钦. 文心兰β-胡萝卜素羟化酶基因家族鉴定与表达分析[J]. 园艺学报, 2026, 53(6): 1637-1651.

CHEN Yan, ZHENG Jinxuan, LUO Yuanhua, CHEN Yiquan, FANG Nengyan, ZHONG Huaiqin. Identification and Expression Analysis of the β-Carotene Hydroxylase Gene Family of Oncidium hybridum[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(6): 1637-1651.

图/表 10

图1 文心兰‘XM-1’在开花过程中的花色变化（A）和12个黄色系列文心兰表型（B）

Fig. 1 Phenotype of flower color changes of Oncidium‘XM-1’during flowering（A）and 12 yellow cultivars of Oncidium hybridum（B）

表1 qRT-PCR引物序列

Table 1 The sequences of qRT-PCR primers

引物名称Primer name	上游引物（5′-3′）Forward primer	下游引物（5′-3′）Reverse primer
OnBCH1	GCCTTCGCTATGTCCTCTT	ACCGAGCAACCAATGGAT
OnBCH2	TCGCCAAAGTTGCTATGC	GCTTCTTCTTCTTCTCAGCG
OnBCH3	GCCTTTGCTATGTCCTCTTC	GCTACACCGAACAACCAAT
OnBCH4	CGTCCCGTATTTCCAATG	ATTCTTCCATCCCTCCCA
OnBCH5	ACGAGCAACAGGAGAAGAGC	CGATGGCAGGAGAAGAGAAC
OnBCH6	TTGTCTATCTGTGGGTGCTG	GCCTGTGATGCGATTCAT
OnBCH7	GCCATCATCGCAGTCTACT	GTCCCAAGCATTTCCGTAT
OnBCH8	CCACCATCTGCTTTCTCAT	AGTAGACTGCGATGATGGC
OnBCH9	GCAGCCGTTATGTCCAGTT	CAGCACCCACAGATAGACAA
OnActin	GGAGAAACTTGCTTATGTGGC	CGTAATGACTTGACCATCCG

表2 OnBCH家族基本理化性质

Table 2 Basic parameters analysis of OnBCH family

基因ID Gene ID	基因名称 Gene name	氨基酸数 Number of amino acids	分子量/Da Molecular weight	等电点 pI	不稳定系数 Instability coefficient	脂肪族指数 Aliphatic index	亲水性 Gravy	亚细胞定位 Subcellular localization
evm.model.Chr045.315	OnBCH1	410	46 174.80	6.99	43.42	68.56	-0.257	叶绿体 Chloroplast
evm.model.Chr046.218	OnBCH2	190	21 704.58	10.63	46.02	92.00	0.476	细胞质Cytoplasmic
evm.model.Chr047.194	OnBCH3	386	43 497.33	9.77	47.67	80.67	-0.084	叶绿体 Chloroplast
evm.model.Chr048.203	OnBCH4	171	19 273.15	7.25	45.75	78.77	0.084	叶绿体 Chloroplast
evm.model.Chr085.590	OnBCH5	597	66 523.38	8.71	66.65	76.33	-0.322	线粒体Mitochondrial
evm.model.Chr086.400	OnBCH6	280	31 010.88	6.93	70.10	84.43	0.096	叶绿体 Chloroplast
evm.model.Chr087.477	OnBCH7	304	33 796.12	4.69	60.51	85.76	0.020	叶绿体 Chloroplast
evm.model.Chr087.567	OnBCH8	300	33 436.60	5.22	66.71	84.93	-0.026	叶绿体 Chloroplast
evm.model.Chr088.437	OnBCH9	304	33 700.91	9.87	70.15	86.38	0.027	叶绿体 Chloroplast

图2 文心兰BCH家族的系统进化树（A）与复制事件分析（B）

Fig. 2 Chromosomal localization（A）and replication events（B）of the OnBCH family members in Oncidium hybridum

图3 文心兰BCH家族蛋白的保守基序（Motif）和基因结构分析

Fig. 3 Conservative motif and gene structure analysis of the BCH family proteins in Oncidium hybridum

图4 文心兰BCH家族基因的启动子元件分析

Fig. 4 Analysis of promoter elements of BCH family genes in Oncidium hybridum

图5 文心兰‘XM-1’OnBCH家族基因的表达分析 S1：开放初期；S2：半开放期；S3：开放期；S4：盛花期。不同小写字母表示不同样本间在P < 0.05水平差异显著

Fig. 5 Expression analysis of OnBCH family genes of Oncidium‘XM-1’ S1：Initial flowering stage；S2：Half flowering stage；S3：Flowering stage；S4：Full flowering stage. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different samples at the P < 0.05 level

图6 不同品种文心兰类胡萝卜素含量测定 BY：白玉；MT：蜜糖；SY：扇叶文心兰；JH：金辉；NML：柠檬绿；MS：门神；XS：香水；LH：老虎；CF：春枫；KK：可可；XJS：香吉士；HJL：黄精灵。不同小写字母表示不同样本间在P < 0.05水平差异显著。下同

Fig. 6 Carotenoid content determination of different cultivars of Oncidium hybridum BY：Oncidium Gower Ramsey‘White Jade’；MT：Oncidium Sweet Sugar‘Wide’；SY：Oncidium pusillum；JH：Oncidium Gower Ramsey‘Jinhui’；NML：Oncidium Sweet Sugar‘Lemon Drop’；MS：Oncidium Tropic Breeze‘Ever Glade’；XS：Oncidium Jairak Fragrance；LH：Willsonara Dandy‘Sundance’；CF：Odontocidium Spring Maple；KK：Oncidium Space Race‘CoCo’；XJS：Oncidium Gower Ramsey‘Sunkist’；HJL：Oncidium‘Golden Spirit’. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different samples at the P < 0.05 level. The same below

图7 OnBCH家族成员在文心兰不同品种的表达水平

Fig. 7 Expression levels of OnBCH family members in different cultivars of Oncidium hybridum

图8 文心兰BCH家族基因与转录因子的预测调控网络

Fig. 8 Predictive regulatory networks of BCH family genes and transcription factors in Oncidium hybridum

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文心兰β-胡萝卜素羟化酶基因家族鉴定与表达分析

Identification and Expression Analysis of the β-Carotene Hydroxylase Gene Family of Oncidium hybridum

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文心兰β-胡萝卜素羟化酶基因家族鉴定与表达分析

Identification and Expression Analysis of the β-Carotene Hydroxylase Gene Family of Oncidium hybridum

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