茉莉酸拮抗乙烯延缓文心兰花朵衰老的研究

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0732

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

文心兰（Oncidium hybridum）花朵的花药帽易脱落，导致切花加速衰老。以‘柠檬绿’文心兰为试验材料，研究脱药帽后花朵乙烯释放速率和茉莉酸（jasmonic acid，JA）含量变化，外源茉莉酸甲酯（methyl jasmonate，MeJA）及其抑制剂乙酰水杨酸（acetylsalicylic acid，ASA）对脱药帽文心兰花朵衰老、乙烯释放及乙烯合成关键基因OhACO1和OhACO2表达的影响，探究乙烯和JA在文心兰花朵衰老过程中的作用。研究结果表明：脱药帽处理会加速文心兰花朵衰老，脱药帽处理1 d时乙烯释放速率已达168.23 nL · g^-1 · h^-1，而同期未脱药帽对照没有乙烯释放，JA含量显著增加，但脱药帽处理比对照低57.86%。此外，外源MeJA处理显著抑制文心兰花朵衰老，而其抑制剂ASA处理则明显促进衰老，外源MeJA处理抑制了乙烯生物合成关键基因OhACO1和OhACO2的表达，而ASA不同程度地增加了其表达，说明JA可能通过抑制乙烯合成来延缓文心兰花朵衰老，在文心兰花朵脱药帽处理诱发的衰老过程中JA具有拮抗乙烯、延缓衰老的作用。

关键词: 文心兰, 切花, 衰老, 脱药帽, 乙烯, 茉莉酸

Abstract:

In this study，in order to explore the role of ethylene and jasmonic acid in the senescence of Oncidium hybridum ‘Honey Angle’ flowers，endogenous ethylene release rate，jasmonic acid content and senescence after anther cap shedding was investigated. In additon，senescence，endogenous ethylene release and the expression of OhACO1 and OhACO2（ethylene synthesis key genes）after methyl jasmonate and its inhibitors acetylsalicylic acid treatment were also observed. The results showed that anther cap shedding treatment could accelerate senescence of‘Honey Angle’flowers. The endogenous ethylene release rate had reached 168.23 nL · g^-1 · h^-1after 1 d of anther cap shedding treatment while the control had not yet released. Meanwhile，the endogenous jasmonic acid（JA）content in both treatment at 1 d was significantly higher than that at 0 d，but the content in the anther cap shedding treatment was 57.86% lower than that in the control. Moreover，exogenous methyl jasmonate treatment could significantly inhibited the senescence of flowers and reduced the expression of OhACO1 and OhACO2，while its inhibitors could promoted senescence and increased the expression of OhACO1 and OhACO2. These results indicated that JA could affect ethylene release by inhibiting ethylene synthesis，thereby delaying the senescence induced by anther cap shedding of O. hybridum‘Honey Angle’flowers.

Key words: Oncidium hybridum, cut flower, senescence, anther cap shedding, ethylene, jasmonic acid

欧阳萱玥, 曾思娴, 玉云祎, 王琴, 李昕悦, 岳跃冲, 余让才, 范燕萍. 茉莉酸拮抗乙烯延缓文心兰花朵衰老的研究[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(8): 1769-1778.

OUYANG Xuanyue, ZENG Sixian, YU Yunyi, WANG Qin, LI Xinyue, YUE Yuechong, YU Rangcai, FAN Yanping. Research of Jasmonic Acid Antagonize Ethylene to Delay the Flower Senescence of Oncidium hybridum[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(8): 1769-1778.

图/表 6

图1 ‘柠檬绿’文心兰花朵脱药帽处理对唇瓣衰老的影响

Fig. 1 Effect of anther cap removal on flower lip senescence of Oncidium hybridum‘Honey Angle’

图2 ‘柠檬绿’文心兰花朵脱药帽处理对唇瓣皱缩面积的影响 *表示处理与对照间差异显著（P ≤ 0.05）。下同。

Fig. 2 Effect of anther cap removal on flower lip shrinking area of Oncidium hybridum‘Honey Angle’ * represents significant difference at 0.05 level. The same below.

图3 ‘柠檬绿’文心兰脱药帽处理对花朵乙烯释放速率、含水量和JA含量的影响

Fig. 3 Effect of anther cap removal on ethylene release rate，water content and jasmonic acid content in flowers of Oncidium hybridum‘Honey Angle’

图4 茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）和乙酰水杨酸（ASA）处理对脱药帽处理的‘柠檬绿’文心兰花朵唇瓣衰老的影响

Fig. 4 Effect of methyl jasmonate（MeJA）and acetylsalicylic acid（ASA）treatment on the flower lip senescencen of Oncidium hybridum‘Honey Angle’induced by anther cap removal

图5 茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）和乙酰水杨酸（ASA）对脱药帽处理的‘柠檬绿’文心兰花朵唇瓣皱缩面积、含水量和乙烯释放速率的影响

Fig. 5 Effect of methyl jasmonate（MeJA）and acetylsalicylic acid（ASA）on flower lip shrinking area，water content and ethylene release rate in Oncidium hybridum‘Honey Angle’induced by anther cap removal

图6 茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）和乙酰水杨酸（ASA）对‘柠檬绿’文心兰乙烯生物合成关键基因ACO1和ACO2表达的影响

Fig. 6 Effect of methyl jasmonate（MeJA）and acetylsalicylic acid（ASA）on expression of key genes ACO1 and ACO2 in ethylene biosynthesis of Oncidium hybridum‘Honey Angle’

参考文献 33

[1]	Aalifar M, Aliniaeifard S, Arab M, Mehrjerdi M Z, Serek M. 2020. Blue light postpones senescence of carnation flowers through regulation of ethylene and abscisic acid pathway-related genes. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 151:103-112. doi: S0981-9428(20)30131-5 pmid: 32208322
[2]	Cao S, Zheng Y, Wang K, Jin P, Rui H. 2009. Methyl jasmonate reduces chilling injury and enhances antioxidant enzyme activity in postharvest loquat fruit. Food Chemistry, 115 (4):1458-1463. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.01.082 URL
[3]	Chen Hemin, Li Zuo, Ma Nan, Xiao Wenfang, Chen Heming, Lü Fubing, Li Zongyan, Zhu Genfa. 2022. Research advances on fresh-keeping technologies of orchid cut flowers and potted plants. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 49 (12):2743-2760. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0488
	陈和敏, 李佐, 马男, 肖文芳, 陈和明, 吕复兵, 李宗艳, 朱根发. 2022. 兰花切花保鲜及盆花品质保持技术研究进展. 园艺学报, 49 (12):2743-2760. doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0488
[4]	Cheng Yuxuan, Yang Cuiping, Tian Xiaoyan, Shi Lesong, Hu Jin, Yan Bingyu, Gong Xiaoxiao, Zhuang Yufen, Pan Yingwen, Liu Jinping. 2017. Effects of preservatives applied of at different flowering stages on cut flowers of Oncidium Gower Ramsey. Journal of Tropical Biology, 8 (1):48-51,57. (in Chinese)
	程裕轩, 杨翠萍, 田晓岩, 石乐松, 胡进, 闫冰玉, 巩笑笑, 庄玉粉, 潘英文, 刘进平. 2017. 在文心兰不同开花阶段施用保鲜剂对切花衰老的影响. 热带生物学报, 8 (1):48-51,57.
[5]	Ge Yunxia, Xu Jianqiu, Liu Yanji, Li Yang, Shi Zhensheng. 2008. Study the action of jasmonic acid in plant senescence. Anhui Agricultural Sciences, (22):9395-9396. (in Chinese)
	葛云侠, 许建秋, 刘延吉, 李阳, 史振声. 2008. 茉莉酸在植物衰老中的作用. 安徽农业科学,(22):9395-9396.
[6]	Ha S T T, Kim Y T, Jeon Y H, Choi H W, In B C. 2021. Regulation of Botrytis cinerea infection and gene expression in cut roses by using nano silver and salicylic acid. Plants, 10 (6):1241-1241.
[7]	Hu C, Wei C, Ma Q, Dong H, Shi K, Zhou Y, Foyer C H, Yu J. 2021. Ethylene response factors 15 and 16 trigger jasmonate biosynthesis in tomato during herbivore resistance. Plant Physiology, 185 (3):1182-1197. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa089 pmid: 33793934
[8]	Hu Y N, Sun H L, Han Z Y, Wang S, Wang T, Li Q Q, Tian J, Wang Y, Zhang X Z, Xu X F, Han Z H, Wu T. 2022. ERF 4 affects fruit ripening by acting as a JAZ interactor between ethylene and jasmonic acid hormone signaling pathways. Horticultural Plant Journal, 8 (6):689-699. doi: 10.1016/j.hpj.2022.01.002 URL
[9]	Khunmuang S, Kanlayanarat S, Wongs-Aree C, Meir S, Philosoph-Hadas S, Oren-Shamir M, Ovadia R, Buanong M. 2019. Ethylene induces a rapid degradation of petal anthocyanins in cut Vanda‘Sansai Blue’orchid flowers. Frontiers in Plant Science,(10):790-796.
[10]	Kondo S, Meemak S, Ban Y, Moriguchi T, Harada T. 2009. Effects of auxin and jasmonates on 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase and ACC oxidase gene expression during ripening of apple fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 51 (2):281-284.
[11]	Lezoul N E H, Serrano M, Ruiz-Aracil M C, Belkadi M, Castillo S, Valero D, Guillén F. 2022. Melatonin as a new postharvest treatment for increasing cut carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) vase life. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 184:111759. doi: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2021.111759 URL
[12]	Li Xin,Liu Liang,Yu Rangcai,Li Xinyue,Yu Yuyi,Yue Yuechong,Fan Yanping. 2021. Studies on the relationship of anther cap shedding and cut flower senescence in Oncidium flexuosum. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 48 ( 6):1163-1172. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0593
	李欣, 刘亮, 余让才, 李昕悦, 玉云祎, 岳跃冲, 范燕萍. 2021. 文心兰花药帽脱落与切花花朵衰老的关系研究. 园艺学报, 48 (6):1163-1172. doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0593
[13]	Liu Xin,Zhang Shuqiu. 2000. Relationships between jasmonic acid and salicylic acid in wounding signal transduction pathways. Chinese Bulletin of Botany,(2):133-136. (in Chinese)
	刘新, 张蜀秋. 2000. 在伤信号传导中茉莉酸与水杨酸的关系. 植物学通报,(2):133-136.
[14]	Lü Guosheng. 2011. Studies on the relationship between lignin and bent neck and aphidd resistance in spray cut chrysanthemum[Ph. D. Dissertation]. Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University. (in Chinese)
	吕国胜. 2011. 木质素与多头切花菊弯颈及蚜虫抗性的相关性研究[博士论文]. 南京: 南京农业大学.
[15]	Lü Jing. 2002. Effects of salicylic acid and methyl jasmonateon fruit senescence and mutual relationship between them[Ph. D. Dissertation]. Baoding:Agricultural University of Hebei. (in Chinese)
	吕静. 2002. 果实衰老中水杨酸和茉莉酸甲酯的生理效应及其关系研究[博士论文]. 保定: 河北农业大学.
[16]	Macnish A J, Leonard R T, Borda A M, Nell T A. 2010. Genotypic variation in the postharvest performance and ethylene sensitivity of cut rose flowers. HortScience, 45 (5):790-796. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI.45.5.790 URL
[17]	Pan Liuyi. 2019. Effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) induced resistance to soft rot and storage preservation in postharvest kiwifruit[Ph. D. Dissertation]. Nanchang:Jiangxi Agricultural University. (in Chinese)
	盘柳依. 2019. 茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)对猕猴桃诱导抗采后软腐病的机理及其保鲜效果的研究[博士论文]:南昌: 江西农业大学.
[18]	Shi Lesong, Sun Hui, Tian Xiaoyan, Wu Fanhua, Cai Xiuqing, Zhuang Yufen, Liu Jinping. 2016. Developmental stages of Oncidium Gower Ramsey flower. Journal of Tropical Biology, 7 (4):440-443. (in Chinese)
	石乐松, 孙慧, 田晓岩, 吴繁花, 蔡秀清, 庄玉粉, 刘进平. 2016. 文心兰南茜种花发育进程与分期. 热带生物学报, 7 (4):440-443.
[19]	Shoji T, Nakajima K, Hashimoto T. 2000. Ethylene suppresses jasmonate-induced gene expression in nicotine biosynthesis. Plant and Cell Physiology, 41 (9):1072-1076. pmid: 11100780
[20]	Soto A, Ruiz K B, Ziosi V, Costa G, Torrigiani P. 2012. Ethylene and auxin biosynthesis and signaling are impaired by methyl jasmonate leading to a transient slowing down of ripening in peach fruit. Journal of Plant Physiology, 169 (18):1858-1865. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2012.07.007 pmid: 22884412
[21]	Su Xinguo, Zheng Yonghua, Feng Lei, Zhang Lan, Wang Feng. 2003. Effects of exogenous MeJA on postharvest senescence and decay of vegetable soybean pods. Plant Physiology Journal,(1):52-58. (in Chinese)
	苏新国, 郑永华, 冯磊, 张兰, 汪峰. 2003. 外源MeJA对菜用大豆荚采后衰老和腐烂的影响. 植物生理与分子生物学学报,(1): 52-58.
[22]	Sun Jiamao, Cui Quanshi, Wang Yuqing, Si Yajing, Shi Yufan, Bu Haidong, Yuan Hui, Wang Aide. 2022. Effects of brassinolides and methyl jasmonate spraying on the postharvest quality of apple fruit. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 49 (10):2236-2248. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0594
	孙嘉茂, 崔全石, 王语晴, 司雅静, 时瑀繁, 卜海东, 袁晖, 王爱德. 2022. 苹果采前喷施EBR与MeJA对采后品质的影响. 园艺学报, 49 (10):2236-2248. doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0594
[23]	van Doorn W G, Çelikel F G, Pak C, Harkema H. 2013. Delay of Iris flower senescence by cytokinins and jasmonates. Physiologia Plantarum, 148 (1):105-120. doi: 10.1111/ppl.2013.148.issue-1 URL
[24]	Wang Yi,Wang Kaixuan,Hu Siyuan,Zhou Shuang,Shi Guoan. 2021. Effects of ethylene metabolism and energy status on vase quality of cut Itoh peony‘Bartzella’flowers. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 48 (6):1135-1149. (in Chinese)
	王依, 王凯轩, 胡思源, 周爽, 史国安. 2021. 乙烯代谢和能量状态对‘巴茨拉’牡丹切花瓶插品质的作用研究. 园艺学报, 48 (6):1135-1149. doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0094
[25]	Wasternack C. 2007. Jasmonates:an update on biosynthesis,signal transduction and action in plant stressresponse,growth and development. Annals of Botany, 100 (4):681-697. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcm079 pmid: 17513307
[26]	Wei Yanxia, Lu Lina, Peng Zhanglian. 2017. Effects of exogenous ascorbic acid and methy jasmonate on ethephon-induced leaf senescence in rice. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany, 25 (4):348-356. (in Chinese)
	魏燕霞, 陆俐娜, 彭长连. 2017. 外源施加AsA和MeJA对乙烯利诱导水稻叶片衰老的影响. 热带亚热带植物学报, 25 (4):348-356.
[27]	Xu Zhuangzhuang. 2022. Molecular mechanism of PhERF2-mediated jasmonic acid and ethylene in Petunia resistance to Botrytis cinerea[Ph. D. Dissertation]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University. (in Chinese)
	许壮壮. 2022. PhERF2介导茉莉酸和乙烯调控矮牵牛抗灰霉菌的分子机制[博士论文]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学.
[28]	Yan Zi, Wu Yueqin, Sun Yi,Tang Dongqin. 2018. Effect of exogenous methyl jasmonate on the growth of Freesia hybrida. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(Agricultural Science Edition), 36 (3):61-66,72. (in Chinese)
	晏姿, 吴月琴, 孙忆, 唐东芹. 2018. 外源茉莉酸甲酯对香雪兰生长的影响. 上海交通大学学报 (农业科学版), 36 (3):61-66,72.
[29]	Yang Ruowen, Zhang Ping, Xue Yuqian, Xue Jingqi, Wang Shunli, Zhang Xiuxin. 2018. Effects of ethylene on opening and senescence process of herbaceous peony cut flowers‘Bank Hill’and‘Yangfei Chuyu’. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 45 (8):1575-1586. (in Chinese)
	杨若雯, 张萍, 薛玉前, 薛璟祺, 王顺利, 张秀新. 2018. 乙烯对‘班克海尔’和‘杨妃出浴’芍药切花开放和衰老的影响. 园艺学报, 45 (8):1575-1586. doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2017-0874
[30]	Yoshida A, Yonezawa Y, Kometani N. 2009. Tuning of the spectroscopic properties of composite nanoparticles by the insertion of a spacer layer: effect of exciton−plasmon coupling. Langmuir, 25 (12):6683-6689. doi: 10.1021/la900169e URL
[31]	Zhao Manru, Hu Wenzhong, Yu Jiaoxue, Guan Yuge, Gao Hongdou, Long Ya. 2020. Research progress on the effects of methyl jasmonate on resistance, antioxidant activity and quality of fruit and vegetable. Technology for the Food Industry, 41 (4):328-332. (in Chinese)
	赵曼如, 胡文忠, 于皎雪, 管玉格, 高红豆, 龙娅. 2020. 茉莉酸甲酯对果蔬抗性、抗氧化活性及品质影响的研究进展. 食品工业科技, 41 (4):328-332.
[32]	Zhang Mengyuan. 2019. Effects of MeJA on quality and expression of key genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and signaltransduction pathway during postharvest ripening of apple fruit[Ph. D. Dissertation]. Jinzhou:Bohai University. (in Chinese)
	张梦媛. 2019. MeJA对采后苹果果实品质和乙烯生物合成及其信号转导途径关键基因表达的影响[博士论文]. 锦州: 渤海大学.
[33]	Zhu Jiahong, Peng Shiqing. 2006. Jasmonic acid and its signal transmission,Northwest Botanical Journal,(10):2166-2172. (in Chinese)
	朱家红, 彭世清. 2006. 茉莉酸及其信号传导研究进展. 西北植物学报,(10):2166-2172.