紫橙色大白菜新种质的创制

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0597

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了丰富大白菜种质资源,提高大白菜功能成分,创制一种同时富含花青素和类胡萝卜素的紫橙色大白菜新种质。以橙色大白菜自交系14S125为母本,紫心大白菜自交系14S838为父本进行杂交,F₁单株自交,在F₂群体中先用分子标记确定携带紫心基因和橙色基因的单株,进一步选择园艺性状和结球性优良的单株,通过连续3代单株自交选择,育成了外叶绿色、球叶紫橙色的大白菜新种质4份,分别是19ZS40-1、19ZS17-1、19ZS94和19SF19-4,将紫心基因和橙色基因聚合在了一起,并且在大白菜球叶中表达。本研究中创制了同时产生类胡萝卜素和花青素的紫橙色的大白菜新种质,提高了其营养价值,为大白菜的营养品质育种奠定了新的基础。

关键词: 大白菜, 球色, 类胡萝卜素, 花青素, 杂交, 分子标记

Abstract:

In order to enrich the germplasm resources of Chinese cabbage and improve the functional composition,and create a new purple-orange heading Chinese cabbage germplasm riched in anthocyanins and carotenoids simultaneously. A purple heading Chinese cabbage pure line 14S838 and an orange heading Chinese cabbage pure line 14S125 were hybridized,and their F₂ was produced by single F₁ plant selfing. Then the excellent heading plants carrying purple heading gene and orange heading gene in the F₂ population were selected by molecular markers combining field horticultural traits observation,lately,the selected plants was self-crossed and selected for three generations continuously. Finally,four new Chinese cabbage germplasm with the green outer leaves and purple-orange heading leaves,such as 19ZS40-1,19ZS17-1,19ZS94 and 19SF19-4,were bred. This study first successfully aggregated the purple heading gene and orange heading gene in one plant of Chinese cabbage together,promote these two gene normal expression,and created the novel germplasms of Chinese cabbage simultaneously accumulated both carotenoids and anthocyanins,which has greatly improved the nutritional value,enrich the color heading Chinese cabbage breeding materials,laid a new foundation for the nutritional quality breeding of Chinese cabbage.

Key words: Chinese cabbage, leaf-head color, carotenoids, anthocyanins, hybridization, molecular marker

中图分类号:

S634.1

张鲁刚, 卢倩倩, 何琼, 薛一花, 马晓敏, 马帅, 聂姗姗, 杨文静. 紫橙色大白菜新种质的创制[J]. 园艺学报, 2022, 49(7): 1582-1588.

ZHANG Lugang, LU Qianqian, HE Qiong, XUE Yihua, MA Xiaomin, MA Shuai, NIE Shanshan, YANG Wenjing. Creation of Novel Germplasm of Purple-orange Heading Chinese Cabbage[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(7): 1582-1588.

图/表 6

图1 大白菜亲本14S125（♀,橙）和14S838（♂,紫）及F2单株（b1 ~ b6）叶球横切面的表型

Fig. 1 Performance of cross section of parents 14S125（♀,orange）and 14S838（♂,purple）and F2 plants leaf head of Chinese cabbage（b1-b6）

图2 紫橙色大白菜橙色基因纯系（1 ~ 18）分子标记鉴定图

Fig. 2 Identification of orange gene in pure orange line（1-18）of purple-orange Chinese cabbage with molecular marker

图3 紫橙色大白菜紫心基因分子标记鉴定图 4、6、7、10、12、13、14、18为紫心基因纯合系。

Fig. 3 Identification of purple gene in purple-orange Chinese cabbage with molecular marker 4,6,7,10,12,13,14,18 are homozygous lines at purple gene.

图4 紫橙色大白菜叶球及纵切面表型

Fig. 4 Phenotype of leaf head and longitudinal section of purple-orange Chinese cabbage

表1 4个紫橙色大白菜自交系的特征特性

Table 1 Characteristics of four purple-orange Chinese cabbages

编号 Code	株幅/cm Plant width	株高/cm Plant height	外叶数 Number of outer leaves	球高/cm Head height	球径/cm Head width	毛菜质量/kg Gross weight	净菜质量/kg Net weight
19ZS40-1	48	30	7	25	18	1.21	0.81
19ZS17-1	60	30	10	28	16	1.76	0.66
19ZS94	57	33	8	22	15	1.02	0.51
19SF19-4	51	27	6	22	14	1.11	0.80

图5 紫橙色大白菜自交系花青素和类胡萝卜素含量

Fig. 5 Content of anthocyanin and carotenoids in differant inbred line of purple-orange Chinese cabbage

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