‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄避雨栽培f式树形对光合及果实品质的影响

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0043

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探究f式树形对简易单栋拱棚避雨栽培‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄光合特性及果实品质的影响，以Y式、T式树形为对照，分析了f式树形4年生‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄叶幕冠层结构和光能截获面积、叶片叶绿素含量、光合能力、果实品质和产量等指标。结果表明：简易单栋拱棚避雨栽培条件下，f式树形在增加叶片实际光能截获面积、提高叶片叶绿素含量、增强叶片光合作用、改善果皮色泽、提高果实品质和产量等方面表现出相对优势。

关键词: 葡萄, 树形, 简易单栋拱棚, 光合特性, 果实品质

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of f-shaped tree shape on photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of‘Shine Muscat’grapevines under simple single arch shed，the four-year-old‘Shine Muscat’grapevines were used as experimental material，and Y-shaped and T-shaped trees were used as the control. The canopy structure，light energy interception area，leaf chlorophyll content，leaf photosynthetic capacity，fruit yield，and fruit quality of f，Y，and T-shaped tree shape were measured. The results showed that the f-shaped tree shape has advantages in terms of increasing in the actual light energy interception area，chlorophyll content and photosynthesis of the leaves，and improvement in the fruit yield，fruit quality，and color of the peel under simple single arch shed in comparison with Y and T-shaped tree shape.

Key words: grapevine, tree shape, simple single arch shed, photosynthetic characteristics, fruit quality

夏宏义, 刘巧, 彭家清, 吴伟, 龚林忠. ‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄避雨栽培f式树形对光合及果实品质的影响[J]. 园艺学报, 2024, 51(3): 560-570.

XIA Hongyi, LIU Qiao, PENG Jiaqing, WU Wei, GONG Linzhong. Effects of f-Shaped Tree Shape on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Fruit Quality in‘Shine Muscat’Grapevines with Rain-Shelter Cultivation[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(3): 560-570.

图/表 11

参考文献 33

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树形 Tree shape	主干高/m Trunk height	主蔓数 Number of main vine	主蔓长度/m Length of main vine			叶幕类型 Curtain type	行数 Number of planting rows	株行距/m Plant row spacing	密度/（株 · hm^-2） Cultivation density
树形 Tree shape	主干高/m Trunk height	主蔓数 Number of main vine	第一主蔓 The first main vine	第二主蔓 The second main vine	第三主蔓 The third main vine	叶幕类型 Curtain type	行数 Number of planting rows	株行距/m Plant row spacing	密度/（株 · hm^-2） Cultivation density
f	0.9	3	1.0	1.0	1.3 + 1.2	V型 + 水平型 V-type + horizontal type	2	2.0 × 4.0	1 230
Y（对照1 Control 1）	0.9	2	1.0	1.0		V型V-type	3	2.0 × 2.4	1 845
T（对照2 Control 2）	1.8	2	1.5	1.5		水平型Horizontal type	2	2.0 × 3.0	1 230

树形 Tree shape	主干高/m Trunk height	主蔓数 Number of main vine	主蔓长度/m Length of main vine			叶幕类型 Curtain type	行数 Number of planting rows	株行距/m Plant row spacing	密度/（株 · hm^-2） Cultivation density
树形 Tree shape	主干高/m Trunk height	主蔓数 Number of main vine	第一主蔓 The first main vine	第二主蔓 The second main vine	第三主蔓 The third main vine	叶幕类型 Curtain type	行数 Number of planting rows	株行距/m Plant row spacing	密度/（株 · hm^-2） Cultivation density
f	0.9	3	1.0	1.0	1.3 + 1.2	V型 + 水平型 V-type + horizontal type	2	2.0 × 4.0	1 230
Y（对照1 Control 1）	0.9	2	1.0	1.0		V型V-type	3	2.0 × 2.4	1 845
T（对照2 Control 2）	1.8	2	1.5	1.5		水平型Horizontal type	2	2.0 × 3.0	1 230

树形 Tree shape	平均叶倾角/° Mean leaf inclination angle	天空散射辐射透过率/% Transmission coefficient for diffuse penetration	叶片分布系数 Leaf distribution
树形 Tree shape	平均叶倾角/° Mean leaf inclination angle		0° ~ 90°	90° ~ 180°	180° ~ 270°	270° ~ 360°	$\bar{x}$	极差 Range
f	10.26 a	0.16 a	0.87 b	0.86 b	0.89 a	0.87 b	0.87 b	0.03
Y	10.33 a	0.16 a	0.91 ab	0.87 ab	0.90 a	0.92 ab	0.90 ab	0.05
T	10.19 a	0.06 b	0.96 a	0.90 a	0.92 a	0.94 a	0.93 a	0.06

树形 Tree shape	平均叶倾角/° Mean leaf inclination angle	天空散射辐射透过率/% Transmission coefficient for diffuse penetration	叶片分布系数 Leaf distribution
树形 Tree shape	平均叶倾角/° Mean leaf inclination angle		0° ~ 90°	90° ~ 180°	180° ~ 270°	270° ~ 360°	$\bar{x}$	极差 Range
f	10.26 a	0.16 a	0.87 b	0.86 b	0.89 a	0.87 b	0.87 b	0.03
Y	10.33 a	0.16 a	0.91 ab	0.87 ab	0.90 a	0.92 ab	0.90 ab	0.05
T	10.19 a	0.06 b	0.96 a	0.90 a	0.92 a	0.94 a	0.93 a	0.06

树形 Tree shape	天顶角区域 Zenith angle area					$\bar{x}$	极差 Range
树形 Tree shape	7.5°	22.5°	37.5°	52.5°	67.5°	$\bar{x}$	极差 Range
f	0.04 a	0.12 a	0.14 a	0.15 a	0.09 a	0.11 a	0.11
Y	0.05 a	0.14 a	0.13 a	0.14 a	0.10 a	0.11 a	0.09
T	0.02 b	0.03 b	0.04 b	0.03 b	0.04 b	0.03 b	0.02