水分胁迫对‘玫瑰香’葡萄果实挥发性化合物及相关基因表达的影响

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0450

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以10年生‘玫瑰香’葡萄为试材,对其进行不同程度的水分胁迫处理。利用气相色谱—质谱联用技术(GC-MS)测定果实香气组分,采用荧光定量PCR法检测香叶基二磷酸合成酶基因(VvGPPS)、芳樟醇/橙花醇合成酶基因(VvRiLinNer)、萜类合成酶基因(VvTPS)和类胡萝卜素裂解双加氧酶基因(VvCCD1)在果实中的表达水平。结果表明,重度胁迫可显著降低‘玫瑰香’果实百粒质量和可溶性固形物含量,轻度胁迫与对照差异不显著;水分胁迫对采收期果实可滴定酸含量和总酚含量影响较小。本研究中对照、轻度胁迫和重度胁迫分别检测出41、43和33种挥发性化合物,其中醛类化合物是最主要的挥发性物质,萜烯类次之,酚类和酯类物质含量较低。轻度胁迫可显著提高‘玫瑰香’葡萄果实挥发性化合物总量,分别较对照和重度胁迫高34.74%和36.92%,其中酯类、醛类和酚类物质含量均为最高,而醇类物质含量最低。重度胁迫酸类和醇类物质含量显著高于其他两个处理。具有玫瑰花香味的萜烯类物质的含量随着水分胁迫程度的加剧而增加。水分胁迫上调了果实中VvTPS的表达量,但不利于VvRiLinNer和VvCCD1基因的表达。轻度胁迫果实中VvGPPS表达量显著高于对照,但重度胁迫降低了该基因在果实中的表达量。综上,适度水分胁迫可显著提高‘玫瑰香’葡萄挥发性化合物的含量,有利于葡萄果实品质的提升。

关键词: 葡萄, 水分胁迫, 叶片水势, 挥发性化合物, 基因表达

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of water stress on volatile compounds of grape berries,the 10-year-old table grape variety ‘Muscat Hamburg’ under three different water states were used as materials. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was employed to analyze volatile composition,the expression of relevant genes of the berries at different development stages were determined by qRT-PCR. The results showed that water stress could reduce 100-berry weight and the content of soluble solids,there was no significant difference on titratable acid and total phenol of berries at harvest stage. In this study,41,43 and 33 volatile compounds were detected in control,light water stress and severe water stress,respectively,in which aldehydes were the main volatile compounds,terpenes were the second,the contents of phenols and esters were at a low level. The total content of volatile compounds in light water stress was 34.74% and 36.92% higher than that in control and severe water stress at ripening stage,respectively. The content of esters,aldehydes and phenols in light water stress was the highest,while the content of alcohols was the lowest. The content of acids and alcohols of severe water stress were significantly higher than that of the other two treatments. The content of terpenes with rose scent increased with the aggravation of water stress. Water stress upregulated the expression of VvTPS of berries,but was not conducive to the expression of VvRiLinNer and VvCCD1. The expression of VvGPPS in light water stress was significantly higher than that in control,but the severe water stress decreased the expression of this gene of berries. In a word,moderate water stress can improve berries quality by increasing the content of volatile compounds of‘Muscat Hamburg’grape.

Key words: grape, water stress, water potential of leaf, volatile compounds, gene expression

中图分类号:

S663.1

陈祖民, 校诺娅, 张艳霞, 史晓敏, 郭帅奇, 高虎, 王振平. 水分胁迫对‘玫瑰香’葡萄果实挥发性化合物及相关基因表达的影响[J]. 园艺学报, 2021, 48(5): 883-896.

CHEN Zumin, XIAO Nuoya, ZHANG Yanxia, SHI Xiaomin, GUO Shuaiqi, GAO Hu, WANG Zhenping. Effects of Water Stress on the Volatile Compounds and Related Biosynthetic Genes Expression in‘Muscat Hamburg’Grape Berries[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(5): 883-896.

图/表 11

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处理 Treatment	黎明前叶片水势(Ψ_b)/MPa Predawn leaf water potential
对照 Control	-0.20 ~-0.40
轻度胁迫 Light water stress	-0.40 ~-0.60
重度胁迫 Severe water stress	≤-0.60

处理 Treatment	黎明前叶片水势(Ψ_b)/MPa Predawn leaf water potential
对照 Control	-0.20 ~-0.40
轻度胁迫 Light water stress	-0.40 ~-0.60
重度胁迫 Severe water stress	≤-0.60

基因名称 Gene name	基因登录号 Accession number	引物序列(5′-3′) Sequence of primer
VvGPPS	AY351862.1	F:AACTGCGGAAGTTTCAATGTTGGC;R:ATGGCGGATGTCAGACAATGAACC
VvRiLinNer	JQ062931.1	F:AGTTGGAGAGGATACGCTGGAAGG;R:CTCACCGTGAGTGCTGGCTTTC
VvTPS	NM_001281134.1	F:GTCGGGTCAAGTCTTAGCAAGCC;R:GTTACCTCGTCCTCGGGAGTGTAG
VvCCD1	NM_001280915.1	F:TGGCACTTTCGGAGGCTGATAAAC;R:GGGTCAACCTTTGGATGAGCAGTG
VvActin	EC969944	F:CTTGCATCCCTCAGCACCTT;R:TCCTGTGGACAATGGATGGA

基因名称 Gene name	基因登录号 Accession number	引物序列(5′-3′) Sequence of primer
VvGPPS	AY351862.1	F:AACTGCGGAAGTTTCAATGTTGGC;R:ATGGCGGATGTCAGACAATGAACC
VvRiLinNer	JQ062931.1	F:AGTTGGAGAGGATACGCTGGAAGG;R:CTCACCGTGAGTGCTGGCTTTC
VvTPS	NM_001281134.1	F:GTCGGGTCAAGTCTTAGCAAGCC;R:GTTACCTCGTCCTCGGGAGTGTAG
VvCCD1	NM_001280915.1	F:TGGCACTTTCGGAGGCTGATAAAC;R:GGGTCAACCTTTGGATGAGCAGTG
VvActin	EC969944	F:CTTGCATCCCTCAGCACCTT;R:TCCTGTGGACAATGGATGGA

处理 Treatment	酸类 Acid	酯类 Ester	酮类 Ketone	醛类 Aldehyde	醇类 Alcohol	萜烯类 Terpene	酚类 Phenolic	其他类 Others	总计 Total
对照Control	8	1	8	5	7	9	1	2	41
轻度胁迫Light	7	2	8	7	3	8	1	7	43
重度胁迫Severe	5	1	6	7	4	3	1	6	33