Abstract: Tree form reconstruction of ‘Fuji’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh. ‘Fuji’) was carried out
from 2001 to 2004 in theMing Tombs Farm ( longitude 116°13′east, latitude 40°13′north, altitude of 79 m)
in Changp ing of Beijing. The three branch form was reconstructed into open2center system to resolve the p rob
lem of badly light distribution, yield and quality. By three years of experiment the height of trunk was ad
vanced from 0.29 m to 1.37 m. The number of bough was reduced from 15.58 to 4.58. The number of spurs
was reduced from 2 119.7 ×10³ ·hm^-2 to 814.1 ×10³ ·hm^-2 and leaf area index was reduced from 3.98 to
2.31. The distribution of leaves and relative light intensity in canopywere uniform in open-center system. The
useless light space was reduced from 43% to 24%. The simulation showed that photosynthesis rate of canopy
in open-center system was reduced by 14.6% compared with control in growth period, but the mean photosyn
thetic rate was 40.4% higher than control. And the outputwas increased from 27.3 t·hm^-2 to 54.5 t·hm^-2
and the soluble sugar of fruit was increased from 12.83% to 15.55%.

Key words: Apple, Tree form, Canopy structure, Photosynthesis