Abstract: Genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 70 Actinidia eriantha Benth. germplasms sampled from Wugong Mountain in Jiangxi Province were estimated based on the fruit morphological traits and SSR markers. The fruit phenotypic traits were collected based on the UPOV（International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants）for kiwifruit. Seventy SRR primer pairs even distributed on genetic linkage map of Actinidia chinensis were used to initially assess the polymorphism. Of the 70 primer pairs tested，21 pairs successfully amplified polymorphic fragments. The collected 70 accessions have expressed rich genetic diversity in both fruit traits and SSR markers. Seventy accessions were clustered into three groups including the circular and elliptic group，elliptic group and the oblong group based on UPGMA analysis. One hundred and twenty-seven bands were amplified using 21 primer pairs，and the number of allele per locus ranged from 2 to 12，with an average of 6.04. The genetic similarity ranged from 0.5306 to 0.9252. Upon on the UPGMA cluster analysis，70 accessions were separated into three major groups when GS values were set at the level of 0.65，which was basically consistent with the results of the fruit traits. The high level of genetic variation of A. eriantha suggested that these accessions may be useful to provide breeding materials for kiwifruit.

Key words: Actinidia eriantha, wild, SSR marker, fruit morphological traits, genetic diversity