Abstract: Genetic diversity of 95 samples of five natural populations of the endangered plant Handeliodendron bodinieri（Lévl.）Rehd. was analyzed by using ISSR and SRAP techniques. A total of 114 bands were obtained with 10 ISSR primers，of which 68 bands were polymorphic with a polymorphic proportion of 59.65%. At the species level，the Nei’s genetic diversity（H）was 0.1817，and Shannon’s information index（I）was 0.2792. The observed number of alleles was 1.5965 and the effective number of alleles was 1.2984. The differentiation coefficient（Gst）among the populations was 35.17%. Totally，292 bands were obtained with 15 SRAP primer pairs，and 269 bands were polymorphic with a proportion of92.12%. The Nei’s genetic diversity（H）was 0.3171，and the Shannon’s information index（I）was 0.4758. The observed number of alleles was 1.9212 and the effective number of alleles was 1.5380. The differentiation coefficient（Gst）among the populations by SRAP analysis was 23.17%. The results showed that both methods could be used to determine the genetic diversities among different populations of H. bodinieri. There was a high genetic diversity in H. bodinieri，and genetic differentiation and gene flow existed between the populations，but the main genetic differentiation occurred largely within the population.

Key words: Handeliodendron bodinieri, ISSR, SRAP, genetic diversity, population, genetic differentiation