园艺学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (4): 815-830.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-1238
王同欢1, 吴雨馨1, 武艺圆1, 李鑫鑫1, 刘梦阳1, 杨莲莲1,2, 李佳鹏1,2, 张忠山1,2, 曹访1, 仲雪婷1,2, 王占旗1,2,*()
收稿日期:
2022-08-13
修回日期:
2022-12-11
出版日期:
2023-04-25
发布日期:
2023-04-27
通讯作者:
*(E-mail:zhqwang@zjhu.edu.cn)
基金资助:
WANG Tonghuan1, WU Yuxin1, WU Yiyuan1, LI Xinxin1, LIU Mengyang1, YANG Lianlian1,2, LI Jiapeng1,2, ZHANG Zhongshan1,2, CAO Fang1, ZHONG Xueting1,2, WANG Zhanqi1,2,*()
Received:
2022-08-13
Revised:
2022-12-11
Online:
2023-04-25
Published:
2023-04-27
Contact:
*(E-mail:zhqwang@zjhu.edu.cn)
摘要:
利用生物信息的方法鉴定了菊花脑(Chrysanthemum nankingense)GRAS基因家族成员,并利用已发表的RNA-Seq数据分析了CnGRAS在低温胁迫应答中的表达情况。结果表明:CnGRAS家族包含80个成员,可分为10个亚家族,同一个亚家族中各成员的基因结构和蛋白功能域高度保守。复制进化分析发现,CnGRAS家族的复制模式仅存在串联重复。GRAS在菊花脑中的表达具有组织特异性,多数在根和叶中表达水平较高。GO富集分析表明CnGRAS主要定位于细胞核,具有多种分子功能,参与多个生物学过程。RNA-Seq数据分析表明,14个CnGRAS至少在1种低温胁迫(短期低温或长期低温)条件下呈现差异表达,其中CnGRAS32、CnGRAS33、CnGRAS40、CnGRAS44、CnGRAS56、CnGRAS74和CnGRAS79呈现出显著上调表达,说明这些基因可能在菊花脑响应低温胁迫中起着重要作用。
中图分类号:
王同欢, 吴雨馨, 武艺圆, 李鑫鑫, 刘梦阳, 杨莲莲, 李佳鹏, 张忠山, 曹访, 仲雪婷, 王占旗. 菊花脑GRAS家族鉴定及其低温胁迫响应表达分析[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(4): 815-830.
WANG Tonghuan, WU Yuxin, WU Yiyuan, LI Xinxin, LIU Mengyang, YANG Lianlian, LI Jiapeng, ZHANG Zhongshan, CAO Fang, ZHONG Xueting, WANG Zhanqi. Genome-wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the GRAS Gene Family in Response to Cold Stress in Chrysanthemum nankingense[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(4): 815-830.
基因名 Gene name | 基因ID Gene ID | 方向 Strand | 开放阅读框/bp ORF | 外显子数 Number of exons | 蛋白质/aa Protein | 等电点 pI | 分子量/kD MW | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CnGRAS1 | CHR00004937-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 401 | 6 | 466 | 4.6 | 52.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS2 | CHR00004939-RA | 反向 Reverse | 948 | 6 | 315 | 4.5 | 35.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS3 | CHR00004941-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 305 | 4 | 434 | 4.6 | 48.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS4 | CHR00004943-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 005 | 5 | 334 | 5.0 | 37.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS5 | CHR00010605-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 464 | 3 | 487 | 5.7 | 54.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS6 | CHR00010606-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 551 | 6 | 516 | 5.5 | 57.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS7 | CHR00030831-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 317 | 6 | 438 | 5.3 | 49.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS8 | CHR00009270-RA | 反向 Reverse | 882 | 3 | 293 | 5.2 | 33.7 | ||||||
CnGRAS9 | CHR00003961-RA | 反向 Reverse | 3 216 | 3 | 1 071 | 5.5 | 121.1 | ||||||
CnGRAS10 | CHR00055273-RA | 反向 Reverse | 762 | 4 | 253 | 5.7 | 28.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS11 | CHR00032218-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 407 | 2 | 468 | 6.1 | 52.6 | ||||||
CnGRAS12 | CHR00031862-RA | 正向 Forward | 624 | 3 | 207 | 8.9 | 22.7 | ||||||
CnGRAS13 | CHR00060013-RA | 正向 Forward | 2 187 | 7 | 728 | 5.1 | 81.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS14 | CHR00049603-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 965 | 3 | 654 | 5.5 | 71.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS15 | CHR00044507-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 587 | 2 | 528 | 5.9 | 59.0 | ||||||
CnGRAS16 | CHR00088841-RA | 正向 Forward | 684 | 2 | 227 | 6.4 | 25.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS17 | CHR00057450-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 809 | 4 | 602 | 6.4 | 66.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS18 | CHR00032070-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 605 | 4 | 534 | 5.8 | 61.0 | ||||||
CnGRAS19 | CHR00001839-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 656 | 1 | 551 | 6.2 | 62.0 | ||||||
CnGRAS20 | CHR00003428-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 560 | 3 | 519 | 4.9 | 58.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS21 | CHR00080196-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 863 | 4 | 620 | 5.8 | 69.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS22 | CHR00056344-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 509 | 5 | 502 | 5.2 | 56.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS23 | CHR00043261-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 617 | 6 | 538 | 5.4 | 61.0 | ||||||
CnGRAS24 | CHR00007360-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 647 | 6 | 548 | 5.7 | 61.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS25 | CHR00084234-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 971 | 5 | 656 | 6.3 | 75.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS26 | CHR00026458-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 587 | 7 | 528 | 5.1 | 59.7 | ||||||
CnGRAS27 | CHR00012285-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 392 | 5 | 463 | 5.8 | 53.1 | ||||||
CnGRAS28 | CHR00012287-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 389 | 2 | 462 | 6.2 | 53.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS29 | CHR00001229-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 659 | 5 | 552 | 6.4 | 62.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS30 | CHR00090421-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 326 | 5 | 441 | 5.8 | 50.0 | ||||||
CnGRAS31 | CHR00090422-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 770 | 12 | 589 | 8.2 | 67.0 | ||||||
CnGRAS32 | CHR00006827-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 989 | 4 | 662 | 6.5 | 73.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS33 | CHR00080708-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 845 | 7 | 614 | 5.7 | 68.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS34 | CHR00009185-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 761 | 2 | 586 | 7.2 | 66.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS35 | CHR00014432-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 284 | 4 | 427 | 7.3 | 48.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS36 | CHR00027166-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 995 | 5 | 664 | 5.8 | 73.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS37 | CHR00030490-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 221 | 3 | 406 | 6.1 | 46.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS38 | CHR00089224-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 389 | 8 | 462 | 5.8 | 51.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS39 | CHR00032024-RA | 反向 Reverse | 840 | 2 | 279 | 7.2 | 31.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS40 | CHR00059102-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 176 | 5 | 391 | 5.1 | 43.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS41 | CHR00020653-RA | 反向 Reverse | 660 | 7 | 219 | 9.1 | 25.6 | ||||||
CnGRAS42 | CHR00023444-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 461 | 4 | 486 | 5.6 | 54.6 | ||||||
CnGRAS43 | CHR00047978-RA | 正向 Forward | 2 112 | 5 | 703 | 7.6 | 79.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS44 | CHR00037746-RA | 反向(reverse) | 1 350 | 8 | 449 | 5.7 | 50.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS45 | CHR00050945-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 464 | 3 | 487 | 5.3 | 54.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS46 | CHR00043205-RA | 反向(reverse) | 1 656 | 6 | 551 | 5.3 | 62.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS47 | CHR00020406-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 047 | 3 | 348 | 7.7 | 38.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS48 | CHR00034025-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 608 | 3 | 535 | 5.2 | 59.6 | ||||||
CnGRAS49 | CHR00074287-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 500 | 2 | 499 | 5.4 | 55.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS50 | CHR00022194-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 269 | 3 | 422 | 5.7 | 48.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS51 | CHR00013495-RA | 正向 Forward | 771 | 4 | 256 | 5.9 | 28.4 | ||||||
CnGRAS52 | CHR00043827-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 221 | 4 | 406 | 5.9 | 46.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS53 | CHR00043828-RA | 反向 Reverse | 2 172 | 5 | 723 | 5.4 | 82.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS54 | CHR00082830-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 779 | 4 | 592 | 5.7 | 101.7 | ||||||
CnGRAS55 | CHR00031262-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 413 | 3 | 470 | 8.0 | 53.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS56 | CHR00066643-RA | 正向 Forward | 2 175 | 7 | 724 | 5.3 | 82.6 | ||||||
CnGRAS57 | CHR00036461-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 665 | 5 | 554 | 6.3 | 61.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS58 | CHR00037682-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 548 | 3 | 515 | 6.0 | 56.4 | ||||||
CnGRAS59 | CHR00081984-RA | 正向 Forward | 963 | 2 | 320 | 8.6 | 37.1 | ||||||
CnGRAS60 | CHR00076473-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 209 | 2 | 402 | 5.4 | 44.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS61 | CHR00077126-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 326 | 6 | 441 | 5.2 | 49.7 | ||||||
CnGRAS62 | CHR00021855-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 356 | 4 | 451 | 5.9 | 50.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS63 | CHR00039693-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 584 | 4 | 527 | 5.6 | 58.6 | ||||||
CnGRAS64 | CHR00022872-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 023 | 4 | 340 | 5.0 | 37.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS65 | CHR00086408-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 323 | 3 | 440 | 5.1 | 49.7 | ||||||
CnGRAS66 | CHR00081508-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 632 | 4 | 543 | 6.3 | 61.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS67 | CHR00087940-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 878 | 5 | 625 | 5.4 | 69.6 | ||||||
CnGRAS68 | CHR00058033-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 488 | 3 | 495 | 7.5 | 54.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS69 | CHR00087040-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 032 | 4 | 343 | 6.0 | 39.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS70 | CHR00087041-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 914 | 10 | 637 | 5.4 | 71.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS71 | CHR00087042-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 446 | 3 | 481 | 5.9 | 54.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS72 | CHR00087043-RA | 反向 Reverse | 2 208 | 4 | 735 | 4.9 | 83.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS73 | CHR00087044-RA | 反向 Reverse | 969 | 8 | 322 | 8.2 | 36.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS74 | CHR00087600-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 371 | 4 | 456 | 6.2 | 51.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS75 | CHR00091555-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 257 | 4 | 418 | 5.3 | 46.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS76 | CHR00065020-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 581 | 5 | 526 | 4.8 | 57.4 | ||||||
CnGRAS77 | CHR00065743-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 515 | 6 | 504 | 6.1 | 57.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS78 | CHR00069367-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 488 | 6 | 495 | 5.3 | 54.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS79 | CHR00093834-RA | 反向 Reverse | 705 | 3 | 234 | 4.6 | 26.1 | ||||||
CnGRAS80 | CHR00074223-RA | 正向 Forward | 735 | 5 | 244 | 9.1 | 28.6 |
表1 菊花脑GRAS家族的结构和理化特征
Table 1 Structural,physical and chemical features of GRAS gene family in Chrysanthemum nankingense
基因名 Gene name | 基因ID Gene ID | 方向 Strand | 开放阅读框/bp ORF | 外显子数 Number of exons | 蛋白质/aa Protein | 等电点 pI | 分子量/kD MW | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CnGRAS1 | CHR00004937-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 401 | 6 | 466 | 4.6 | 52.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS2 | CHR00004939-RA | 反向 Reverse | 948 | 6 | 315 | 4.5 | 35.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS3 | CHR00004941-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 305 | 4 | 434 | 4.6 | 48.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS4 | CHR00004943-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 005 | 5 | 334 | 5.0 | 37.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS5 | CHR00010605-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 464 | 3 | 487 | 5.7 | 54.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS6 | CHR00010606-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 551 | 6 | 516 | 5.5 | 57.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS7 | CHR00030831-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 317 | 6 | 438 | 5.3 | 49.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS8 | CHR00009270-RA | 反向 Reverse | 882 | 3 | 293 | 5.2 | 33.7 | ||||||
CnGRAS9 | CHR00003961-RA | 反向 Reverse | 3 216 | 3 | 1 071 | 5.5 | 121.1 | ||||||
CnGRAS10 | CHR00055273-RA | 反向 Reverse | 762 | 4 | 253 | 5.7 | 28.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS11 | CHR00032218-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 407 | 2 | 468 | 6.1 | 52.6 | ||||||
CnGRAS12 | CHR00031862-RA | 正向 Forward | 624 | 3 | 207 | 8.9 | 22.7 | ||||||
CnGRAS13 | CHR00060013-RA | 正向 Forward | 2 187 | 7 | 728 | 5.1 | 81.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS14 | CHR00049603-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 965 | 3 | 654 | 5.5 | 71.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS15 | CHR00044507-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 587 | 2 | 528 | 5.9 | 59.0 | ||||||
CnGRAS16 | CHR00088841-RA | 正向 Forward | 684 | 2 | 227 | 6.4 | 25.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS17 | CHR00057450-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 809 | 4 | 602 | 6.4 | 66.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS18 | CHR00032070-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 605 | 4 | 534 | 5.8 | 61.0 | ||||||
CnGRAS19 | CHR00001839-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 656 | 1 | 551 | 6.2 | 62.0 | ||||||
CnGRAS20 | CHR00003428-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 560 | 3 | 519 | 4.9 | 58.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS21 | CHR00080196-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 863 | 4 | 620 | 5.8 | 69.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS22 | CHR00056344-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 509 | 5 | 502 | 5.2 | 56.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS23 | CHR00043261-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 617 | 6 | 538 | 5.4 | 61.0 | ||||||
CnGRAS24 | CHR00007360-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 647 | 6 | 548 | 5.7 | 61.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS25 | CHR00084234-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 971 | 5 | 656 | 6.3 | 75.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS26 | CHR00026458-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 587 | 7 | 528 | 5.1 | 59.7 | ||||||
CnGRAS27 | CHR00012285-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 392 | 5 | 463 | 5.8 | 53.1 | ||||||
CnGRAS28 | CHR00012287-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 389 | 2 | 462 | 6.2 | 53.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS29 | CHR00001229-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 659 | 5 | 552 | 6.4 | 62.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS30 | CHR00090421-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 326 | 5 | 441 | 5.8 | 50.0 | ||||||
CnGRAS31 | CHR00090422-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 770 | 12 | 589 | 8.2 | 67.0 | ||||||
CnGRAS32 | CHR00006827-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 989 | 4 | 662 | 6.5 | 73.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS33 | CHR00080708-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 845 | 7 | 614 | 5.7 | 68.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS34 | CHR00009185-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 761 | 2 | 586 | 7.2 | 66.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS35 | CHR00014432-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 284 | 4 | 427 | 7.3 | 48.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS36 | CHR00027166-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 995 | 5 | 664 | 5.8 | 73.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS37 | CHR00030490-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 221 | 3 | 406 | 6.1 | 46.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS38 | CHR00089224-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 389 | 8 | 462 | 5.8 | 51.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS39 | CHR00032024-RA | 反向 Reverse | 840 | 2 | 279 | 7.2 | 31.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS40 | CHR00059102-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 176 | 5 | 391 | 5.1 | 43.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS41 | CHR00020653-RA | 反向 Reverse | 660 | 7 | 219 | 9.1 | 25.6 | ||||||
CnGRAS42 | CHR00023444-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 461 | 4 | 486 | 5.6 | 54.6 | ||||||
CnGRAS43 | CHR00047978-RA | 正向 Forward | 2 112 | 5 | 703 | 7.6 | 79.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS44 | CHR00037746-RA | 反向(reverse) | 1 350 | 8 | 449 | 5.7 | 50.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS45 | CHR00050945-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 464 | 3 | 487 | 5.3 | 54.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS46 | CHR00043205-RA | 反向(reverse) | 1 656 | 6 | 551 | 5.3 | 62.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS47 | CHR00020406-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 047 | 3 | 348 | 7.7 | 38.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS48 | CHR00034025-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 608 | 3 | 535 | 5.2 | 59.6 | ||||||
CnGRAS49 | CHR00074287-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 500 | 2 | 499 | 5.4 | 55.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS50 | CHR00022194-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 269 | 3 | 422 | 5.7 | 48.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS51 | CHR00013495-RA | 正向 Forward | 771 | 4 | 256 | 5.9 | 28.4 | ||||||
CnGRAS52 | CHR00043827-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 221 | 4 | 406 | 5.9 | 46.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS53 | CHR00043828-RA | 反向 Reverse | 2 172 | 5 | 723 | 5.4 | 82.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS54 | CHR00082830-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 779 | 4 | 592 | 5.7 | 101.7 | ||||||
CnGRAS55 | CHR00031262-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 413 | 3 | 470 | 8.0 | 53.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS56 | CHR00066643-RA | 正向 Forward | 2 175 | 7 | 724 | 5.3 | 82.6 | ||||||
CnGRAS57 | CHR00036461-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 665 | 5 | 554 | 6.3 | 61.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS58 | CHR00037682-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 548 | 3 | 515 | 6.0 | 56.4 | ||||||
CnGRAS59 | CHR00081984-RA | 正向 Forward | 963 | 2 | 320 | 8.6 | 37.1 | ||||||
CnGRAS60 | CHR00076473-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 209 | 2 | 402 | 5.4 | 44.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS61 | CHR00077126-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 326 | 6 | 441 | 5.2 | 49.7 | ||||||
CnGRAS62 | CHR00021855-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 356 | 4 | 451 | 5.9 | 50.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS63 | CHR00039693-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 584 | 4 | 527 | 5.6 | 58.6 | ||||||
CnGRAS64 | CHR00022872-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 023 | 4 | 340 | 5.0 | 37.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS65 | CHR00086408-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 323 | 3 | 440 | 5.1 | 49.7 | ||||||
CnGRAS66 | CHR00081508-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 632 | 4 | 543 | 6.3 | 61.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS67 | CHR00087940-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 878 | 5 | 625 | 5.4 | 69.6 | ||||||
CnGRAS68 | CHR00058033-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 488 | 3 | 495 | 7.5 | 54.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS69 | CHR00087040-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 032 | 4 | 343 | 6.0 | 39.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS70 | CHR00087041-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 914 | 10 | 637 | 5.4 | 71.9 | ||||||
CnGRAS71 | CHR00087042-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 446 | 3 | 481 | 5.9 | 54.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS72 | CHR00087043-RA | 反向 Reverse | 2 208 | 4 | 735 | 4.9 | 83.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS73 | CHR00087044-RA | 反向 Reverse | 969 | 8 | 322 | 8.2 | 36.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS74 | CHR00087600-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 371 | 4 | 456 | 6.2 | 51.3 | ||||||
CnGRAS75 | CHR00091555-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 257 | 4 | 418 | 5.3 | 46.5 | ||||||
CnGRAS76 | CHR00065020-RA | 反向 Reverse | 1 581 | 5 | 526 | 4.8 | 57.4 | ||||||
CnGRAS77 | CHR00065743-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 515 | 6 | 504 | 6.1 | 57.8 | ||||||
CnGRAS78 | CHR00069367-RA | 正向 Forward | 1 488 | 6 | 495 | 5.3 | 54.2 | ||||||
CnGRAS79 | CHR00093834-RA | 反向 Reverse | 705 | 3 | 234 | 4.6 | 26.1 | ||||||
CnGRAS80 | CHR00074223-RA | 正向 Forward | 735 | 5 | 244 | 9.1 | 28.6 |
图1 菊花脑(Cn)、拟南芥(At)、番茄(Sl)和水稻(Os)GRAS基因家族系统进化分析
Fig. 1 Phylogenetic analysis of GRAS gene family in Chrysanthemum nankingense(Cn),Arabidopsis thaliana(At),Solanum lycopersicum(Sl)and Oryza sativa(Os)
基因对 Gene pair | 非同义替换率(Ka) Non-synonymous substitution rate | 同义替换率(Ks) Synonymous substitution rate | Ka/Ks | 复制时间/Myr Duplication date | 纯化选择 Purifying selection | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CnGRAS2 | CnGRAS3 | 0.038 | 0.087 | 0.438 | 2.9 | Yes | |
CnGRAS5 | CnGRAS6 | 0.151 | 0.555 | 0.272 | 18.5 | Yes | |
CnGRAS27 | CnGRAS28 | 0.024 | 0.080 | 0.305 | 2.7 | Yes | |
CnGRAS30 | CnGRAS31 | 0.470 | 2.249 | 0.209 | 75.0 | Yes | |
CnGRAS52 | CnGRAS53 | 0.142 | 0.415 | 0.344 | 13.8 | Yes | |
CnGRAS69 | CnGRAS70 | 0.275 | 0.821 | 0.335 | 27.4 | Yes | |
CnGRAS70 | CnGRAS71 | 0.116 | 0.150 | 0.769 | 5.0 | Yes | |
CnGRAS71 | CnGRAS72 | 0.145 | 0.271 | 0.534 | 9.0 | Yes | |
CnGRAS72 | CnGRAS73 | 0.630 | 2.365 | 0.266 | 78.8 | Yes |
表2 菊花脑GRAS重复基因对的进化分析
Table 2 Divergence between duplicated GRAS gene pairs in Chrysanthemum nankingense
基因对 Gene pair | 非同义替换率(Ka) Non-synonymous substitution rate | 同义替换率(Ks) Synonymous substitution rate | Ka/Ks | 复制时间/Myr Duplication date | 纯化选择 Purifying selection | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CnGRAS2 | CnGRAS3 | 0.038 | 0.087 | 0.438 | 2.9 | Yes | |
CnGRAS5 | CnGRAS6 | 0.151 | 0.555 | 0.272 | 18.5 | Yes | |
CnGRAS27 | CnGRAS28 | 0.024 | 0.080 | 0.305 | 2.7 | Yes | |
CnGRAS30 | CnGRAS31 | 0.470 | 2.249 | 0.209 | 75.0 | Yes | |
CnGRAS52 | CnGRAS53 | 0.142 | 0.415 | 0.344 | 13.8 | Yes | |
CnGRAS69 | CnGRAS70 | 0.275 | 0.821 | 0.335 | 27.4 | Yes | |
CnGRAS70 | CnGRAS71 | 0.116 | 0.150 | 0.769 | 5.0 | Yes | |
CnGRAS71 | CnGRAS72 | 0.145 | 0.271 | 0.534 | 9.0 | Yes | |
CnGRAS72 | CnGRAS73 | 0.630 | 2.365 | 0.266 | 78.8 | Yes |
图7 菊花脑在短期和长期低温(STC和LTC)胁迫下GRAS的表达 Student’s t-test,*P < 0.05,**P < 0.01,ns无显著性差异。
Fig. 7 Expression of GRAS gene family in Chrysanthemum nankingense under short-term cold or long-term cold(STC or LTC)stress Student’s t-test,*P < 0.05,**P < 0.01,ns,not significant.
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