关键词: 番茄, 果色遗传, 孟德尔式分离分析, 主基因 + 多基因遗传分析

Abstract:

In this experiment，the genetic populations including P₁，P₂，F₁ and F₂ were generated by using green fruit tomato inbred line‘Lüying’and red fruit tomato inbred line‘TTD1003A’. The ripened fruit color，pericarp color，flesh color and placenta jelly color were observed by the standard color cards. The results showed that：In F₂ generation separation groups，the separation of fruit color was red︰brown︰yellow︰green = 9︰3︰3︰1，χ² = 3.09；Pericarp color was yellow：transparency = 3︰1，χ² = 0.06 and flesh color was red︰light yellow︰light green = 12︰3︰1，χ² = 0.91，respectively，which showed that genetics of fruit color，and pericarp color and flesh color fitted the Mendel law，and controlled by two pairs，one pair and two pairs nuclear genes respectively. The fruit green color to red，pericarp transparency color to yellow and the flesh light green color to red are recessive. The genetics between pericarp and flesh color were completely independent. While，the L value，a value and b value of fruit surface color were measured by colorimeter，the color-light value was calculated to study the law of fruit color with the major-gene plus 

multi-gene of quantitative traits genetic analysis method in plant. The analysis results showed that the genetics of tomato fruit color between green and red may be accord with the additive-dominance-epitasis major gene plus additive-dominance polygene（MX2-ADI-AD model）. Among them，the two main gene was given priority to with additive effect，and the first a pair of main gene additive effect is more apparent. For F₂ generation，the genetic rate of main gene genetic rate was 76%–89% and the multi-genes was near 0. The artificial selection to fruit color of tomato should be carried out in the early generations.

Key words: tomato, inheritance of fruit color, Mendelian segregation analysis, major plus multi-gene analysis