不同品种牡丹根区土壤AM真菌群落特征

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2026-0109

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采集山东菏泽9个主栽品种牡丹（Paeonia suffruticosa）的根区土壤，利用高通量测序技术比较上述品种根区土壤丛枝菌根（arbuscular mycorrhizal，AM）真菌多样性及其群落结构，并分析其与土壤化学参数及细菌群落结构的相关性。结果表明，9个牡丹品种根区土壤的AM真菌群落多样性差异不显著。所有样品中的AM真菌均属于球囊霉目（Glomerales），优势科均为球囊霉科（Glomeraceae）。‘擎天粉'（相对丰度为65%）、‘黑夫人'（65%）、‘赵粉'（64%）、‘岛锦'（63%）和‘姚黄'（54%）的优势属为硬囊霉属（Sclerocystis），‘花王'（82%）、‘豆绿'（63%）和‘彩菊'（55%）的为球囊霉属（Glomus），‘皇冠'（37%、30%）的则为球囊霉属和硬囊霉属。土壤速效钾和有机质含量是与‘姚黄'‘豆绿'‘彩菊'‘黑夫人'‘岛锦'‘花王'和‘皇冠'根区AM真菌群落丰度正相关的主要因素。硬囊霉属的相对丰度与硝化螺菌属（Nitrospira）以及与未分类细菌（d__Bacteria）呈显著正相关；球囊霉科的未分类属（f__Glomeraceae）与未分类细菌p25（c__bacteria p25），以及与近芽孢杆菌属（Peribacillus）显著正相关。因此认为，牡丹品种可通过改变根区土壤速效钾和有机质含量，间接影响AM真菌群落结构；特定的AM真菌与细菌类群可能存在功能关联。

关键词: 牡丹, 品种, 土壤, AM真菌, 细菌群落

Abstract:

Root-zone soil samples were collected from nine major cultivars of peony（Paeonia suffruticosa）grown in Heze，Shandong，China. High-throughput sequencing was employed to compare the diversity and community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal（AM）fungi in these soils. In addition，correlations between the AM fungal community and soil chemical properties, as well as between the AM fungal and bacterial communities，were analyzed. The results indicated that there were no significant differences of AM fungal diversity in the root-zone soil of the nine peony cultivars. All of the AM fungi in whole samples belonged to the Glomerales, and the dominant family was Glomeraceae. The dominant genus in the root-zone soils of‘Qingtianfen'（relative abundance 65%），‘Heifuren'（65%），‘Zhaofen' （64%），‘Daojin'（63%），and‘Yaohuang'（54%）was Sclerocystis. Glomus was the dominant genus in‘Huawang'（82%），‘Doulü'（63%），and‘Caiju'（55%）. While‘Huangguan'（37%，30%）exhibited co-dominance of Glomus and Sclerocystis. Available potassium and organic matter were the primary soil factors positively correlated with the AM fungal community abundance in the root zones of‘Yaohuang'‘Doulü'‘Caiju'‘Heifuren'‘Daojin'‘Huawang'and‘Huangguan'. The relative abundance of Sclerocystis was significantly positively correlated with Nitrospira and unclassified bacteria（d_Bacteria）within the domain bacteria. Furthermore，the unclassified genus（f_Glomeraceae）within the family Glomeraceae showed significant positive correlations with unclassified bacteria p25（c_bacteria p25）and Peribacillus. It is concluded that the peony cultivars can indirectly affect the community structure of AM fungi by altering the content of available potassium and organic matter in the root-zone soil. Moreover, the results indicate potential functional associations between specific AM fungal taxa and bacterial groups in the root-zone soil of peony.

Key words: Paeonia suffruticosa, cultivar, soil, AM fungi, bacterial community

李霞, 卜心语, 徐萌, 龙鑫, 刘宗瑶, 孙磊, 郭绍霞. 不同品种牡丹根区土壤AM真菌群落特征[J]. 园艺学报, 2026, 53(4): 1088-1100.

LI Xia, BU Xinyu, XU Meng, LONG Xin, LIU Zongyao, SUN Lei, GUO Shaoxia. AM Fungal Community in Root Zone Soil Grown with Different Paeonia suffruticosa Cultivars[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(4): 1088-1100.

图/表 6

图1 不同品种牡丹根区土壤的α多样性ACE（A）、Chao1（B）、Shannon（C）、Simpson（D）指数和基于Bray-Curtis 距离矩阵的主坐标PCoA（E）、NMDS（F）分析 ZF：‘赵粉'；DL：‘豆绿'；YH：‘姚黄'；CJ：‘彩菊'；QTF：‘擎天粉'；HFR：‘黑夫人'；DJ：‘岛锦'；HW：‘花王'；HG：‘皇冠'。下同

Fig. 1 α diversity ACE（A），Chao1（B），Shannon（C），Simpson index（D）and principal coordinate analysis PCoA（E），NMDS（F）based on Bray-Curtis distance of different peony cultivars in root-zone soil ZF：‘Zhaofen'；DL：‘Doulü'；YH：‘Yaohuang'；CJ：‘Caiju'；QTF：‘Qingtianfen'；HFR：‘Heifuren'；DJ：‘Daojin'；HW：‘Huawang'；HG：‘Huangguan'. The same below

图2 不同品种牡丹根区土壤AM真菌群落科（A）和属（B）水平相对丰度

Fig. 2 Relative abundance of AM fungal community on family（A）and genus（B）level of different penoy cultivars in root-zone soil

图3 不同品种牡丹根区土壤AM真菌属水平进化树（A）、Circos分析（B）及KEGG功能预测（C）

Fig. 3 Relative abundance of AM fungal communityphylogenetic tree（A），Circos analysis on genus level（B）and KEGG functional prediction（C）in the root-zone soil of different peony cultivars

图4 不同品种牡丹根区土壤细菌群落α多样性Chao1指数（A）、基于Bray-Curtis 距离矩阵的主坐标PCoA分析（B）、门（C）和属（D）水平相对丰度

Fig. 4 α diversity Chao1 index（A），principal coordinate analysis PCoA（B）based on Bray-Curtis distance bray-Curtis，relative abundance of AM fungal on phylum level（C），and genus level（D）in root zone soil of different peony（Paeonia suffruticosa）cultivars

表1 不同牡丹品种根区土壤的养分含量、pH和阳离子交换量

Table 1 Nutrient content, pH and cation exchange capacity in the root-zone soil of different peony cultivars

品种 Cultivar	碱解氮/ (mg · kg^-1) AN	全氮/ (mg · g^-1) N	有效磷/ (mg · kg^-1) AP	全磷/ (mg · g^-1) P	速效钾/ (mg · kg^-1) AK	全钾/ (mg · g^-1) K	有机质/ (mg · g^-1) OM	pH	阳离子交换量/ (cmol · kg^-1) CEC
赵粉 Zhaofen	255.50 ± 73.08 a	0.84 ± 0.05 a	18.74 ± 2.33 bc	0.13 ± 0.01 a	140.06 ± 4.88 c	16.66 ± 5.44 a	0.09 ± 0.00 d	7.13 ± 0.13 a	19.89 ± 0.46 b
姚黄 Yaohuang	206.50 ± 16.04 a	0.84 ± 0.05 a	13.69 ± 1.98 c	0.08 ± 0.01 a	126.21 ± 3.20 d	24.51 ± 1.18 a	0.56 ± 0.00 b	7.16 ± 0.07 a	16.99 ± 0.61 c
豆绿 Doulü	197.17 ± 8.81 a	0.76 ± 0.01 b	11.02 ± 2.16 c	0.09 ± 0.02 a	117.67 ± 3.79 d	19.8 ± 2.36 a	0.12 ± 0.01 c	7.14 ± 0.02 a	17.81 ± 0.58 bc
彩菊 Caiju	259.00 ± 15.26 a	1.25 ± 0.30 a	23.78 ± 2.18 a	0.16 ± 0.02 a	191.23 ± 1.85 a	17.45 ± 5.13 a	0.88 ± 0.13 a	7.10 ± 0.02 ab	23.67 ± 0.55 a
黑夫人 Heifuren	252.00 ± 9.26 a	1.05 ± 0.05 a	12.67 ± 0.78 c	0.10 ± 0.01 a	133.66 ± 4.88 c	19.41 ± 2.45 a	0.77 ± 0.03 a	7.08 ± 0.01 ab	18.95 ± 0.13 bc
擎天粉 Qingtianfen	228.67 ± 20.21 a	0.92 ± 0.05 a	13.39 ± 1.29 c	0.12 ± 0.01 a	107.01 ± 3.20 d	20.19 ± 1.80 a	0.16 ± 0.05 c	7.11 ± 0.09 ab	20.39 ± 2.05 abc
岛锦 Daojin	224.00 ± 40.36 a	0.93 ± 0.01 a	14.93 ± 3.17 c	0.12 ± 0.01 a	148.59 ± 3.20 b	19.02 ± 1.80 a	0.13 ± 0.01 c	7.06 ± 0.06 ab	19.60 ± 0.48 b
花王 Huawang	213.50 ± 12.62 a	0.91 ± 0.02 a	12.15 ± 3.47 c	0.11 ± 0.01 a	125.13 ± 4.88 d	19.02 ± 4.46 a	0.12 ± 0.01 c	7.00 ± 0.14 b	19.07 ± 0.48 bc
皇冠 Huangguan	218.17 ± 14.15 a	1.02 ± 0.11 a	12.97 ± 2.06 c	0.11 ± 0.01 a	129.4 ± 3.20 d	20.59 ± 4.90 a	0.14 ± 0.06 c	7.00 ± 0.11 b	20.04 ± 0.45 b

图5 不同品种牡丹根区土壤AM真菌群落与土壤因子、细菌群落的冗余（A，C）和Spearman相关性分析（B，D） N：全氮；P：全磷；K：全钾；AN：碱解氮；AP：有效磷；AK：速效钾；OM：有机质；CEC：阳离子交换量；pH：土壤pH。1 ~ 19：酸杆菌门未分类属；酸杆菌门未分类属；芽单胞菌门未分类属；微球菌科未分类属；黏细菌门未分类属；芽孢杆菌科未分类属；鞘氨醇单胞菌属；苔藓杆菌属；硝化螺菌属；类固醇杆菌属；未分类菌；酸杆菌门未分类属；类芽孢杆菌属；亚硝化单胞菌科未分类属；微枝形杆菌属；新芽孢杆菌属；伯克氏菌目的未分类属；芽孢菌科Priestia属；假单胞菌属。* 表示不同因素之间显著相关（P < 0.05）

Fig. 5 Redundancy analysis between AM fungi community with soil factors and bacterial community（at genus level）（A，C），and Spearman correlation analysis（B，D） N：Total nitrogen；P：Total phosphorus；K：Total potassium；AN：Alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen；AP：Available phosphorus；AK：Available potassium；OM：Organic matter；CEC：Cation exchange capacity；pH：Soil pH. 1 ~ 19：f__Vicinamibacteraceae；o__Vicinamibacterales；f__Gemmatimonadaceae；f__Micrococcaceae；c__bacteriap25；f__Bacillaceae；Sphingomonas；g__Bryobacter；g__Nitrospira；g__Steroidobacter；d__Bacteria；f__Pyrinomonadaceae；g__Peribacillus；g__MND1；g__Microvirga；g__Neobacillus；f__TRA3-20；g__Priestia；Pseudomonas. * indicates signiﬁcant correlation between different factors（P < 0.05）

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