丛枝菌根真菌与嗜松篮状菌LZ1协同缓解苹果连作障碍的机理研究

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-1229

园艺学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (4): 1038-1056.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-1229

• 园艺植物丛枝菌根研究 • 上一篇下一篇

丛枝菌根真菌与嗜松篮状菌LZ1协同缓解苹果连作障碍的机理研究

高雅文¹, 孙琳佼¹, 刘宇松¹, 孙文泰², 徐明娜³, 宋乐芬¹, 王雪梅¹, 王功帅⁴, 王玫¹^,^*(), 尹承苗¹^,^*(), 毛志泉¹^,^*()

¹ 山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院，山东泰安 271018
² 甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所，兰州 730070
³ 烟台市龙口市农业技术推广中心，山东烟台 265700
⁴ 山东农业工程学院农业科技学院，山东淄博 255300

收稿日期:2025-12-15 修回日期:2026-03-12 出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-04-20
通讯作者:
*E-mail：meiwang@sdau.edu.cn，
yinchengmiao@163.com，
mzhiquan@sdau.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32502619); 山东省重点研发项目(重大科技创新工程项目); 山东省重点研发项目(2024CXGC010903); 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资助(CARS-27)

Mechanism of Synergistic Alleviation of Apple Replant Disease by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Talaromyces pinophilus LZ1

GAO Yawen¹, SUN Linjiao¹, LIU Yusong¹, SUN Wentai², XU Mingna³, SONG Lefen¹, WANG Xuemei¹, WANG Gongshuai⁴, WANG Mei¹^,^*(), YIN Chengmiao¹^,^*(), MAO Zhiquan¹^,^*()

¹ College of Horticultural Science and Engineering，Shandong Agricultural University，Tai'an，Shandong 271018，China
² Institute of Forestry，Fruit and Floriculture，Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Lanzhou 730070，China
³ Longkou Agricultural Technology Extension Center，Yantai，Shandong 265700，China
⁴ College of Agricultural Science and Technology，Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University，Zibo，Shandong 255300，China

Received:2025-12-15 Revised:2026-03-12 Published:2026-04-25 Online:2026-04-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究旨在开发一种绿色、可持续的生物防治苹果连作障碍（apple replant disease，ARD）策略，探究联合施用丛枝菌根真菌（Paraglomus sp. SW1）与具有拮抗活性的嗜松篮状菌（Talaromyces pinophilus LZ1）对ARD的缓解效果。结果表明，从板栗根际分离的LZ1菌株不仅能够显著抑制ARD主要致病菌镰孢菌（Fusarium）的生长，还能提高连作苹果幼苗根系的菌根侵染率；通过温室、盆栽及田间试验验证发现，AMF与LZ1联合施用能显著提高连作苹果植株生物量和菌根侵染率，其株高、地径、鲜质量、干质量和菌根侵染率比不施用任何菌剂的连作土壤处理（CK-1）分别提高了85.43%、88.20%、144.4%、145.40%和62.94%；还能够显著增加土壤孢子密度和易提取球囊霉素相关蛋白（easily extractable glomalin related soil protein）含量，比CK-1分别提高了59.87%和46.98%；并提高土壤酶活性，优化土壤微生物群落结构。综上，AMF与LZ1联合施用可为缓解ARD提供可持续且生态友好的策略。

关键词: 苹果, 连作障碍, 丛枝菌根真菌, 嗜松篮状菌, 生物防治, 土壤微生物群落

Abstract:

This study aimed to develop a green and sustainable biocontrol strategy for apple replant disease（ARD）by exploring the alleviating effect of combined application of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi（Paraglomus sp. SW1）and an antagonistic Talaromyces pinophilus LZ1 on ARD. The results showed that the LZ1 strain isolated from the rhizosphere of chestnut not only significantly inhibited the growth of the main pathogenic Fusarium species causing ARD，but also increased the mycorrhizal colonization rate in apple seedlings grown in replant soil. Validation through greenhouse，pot，and field experiments revealed that the combined application of AMF and LZ1 significantly enhanced the biomass and mycorrhizal colonization in apple plants under replant soil. Compared with the replant control soil treatment without any microbial inoculants（CK-1），plant height，ground diameter，fresh weight，dry weight，and mycorrhizal colonization rate increased by 85.43%，88.20%，144.47%，145.40%，and 62.94%，respectively. The co-inoculation of AMF and LZ1 also significantly increased soil spore density and easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein（EE-GRSP）content，which were 59.87% and 46.98% higher than those in CK-1，respectively. Furthermore，the co-inoculation improved soil enzyme activities and optimized the soil microbial community structure. In summary，the synergistic application of AMF and LZ1 can provide a sustainable and eco-friendly strategy for alleviating ARD.

Key words: apple, replant disease, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Talaromyces pinophilus LZ1, biocontrol, soil microbial community

高雅文, 孙琳佼, 刘宇松, 孙文泰, 徐明娜, 宋乐芬, 王雪梅, 王功帅, 王玫, 尹承苗, 毛志泉. 丛枝菌根真菌与嗜松篮状菌LZ1协同缓解苹果连作障碍的机理研究[J]. 园艺学报, 2026, 53(4): 1038-1056.

GAO Yawen, SUN Linjiao, LIU Yusong, SUN Wentai, XU Mingna, SONG Lefen, WANG Xuemei, WANG Gongshuai, WANG Mei, YIN Chengmiao, MAO Zhiquan. Mechanism of Synergistic Alleviation of Apple Replant Disease by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Talaromyces pinophilus LZ1[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(4): 1038-1056.

图/表 10

表1 镰孢菌的引物序列和扩增反应程序

Table 1 Primer sequence and amplification reaction procedure of Fusarium

镰孢菌 Fusarium	引物序列（5′-3′） Primer sequence	扩增反应程序（预变性；变性；退火） Amplification reaction procedure（pre-denaturation；denaturation；annealing）
尖孢镰孢菌 Fusarium oxysporum	F：CATACCACTTGTTGTCTCGGC R：GAACGCGAATTAACGCGAGTC	95 ℃ 30 s；95 ℃ 5 s；60 ℃ 30 s
腐皮镰孢菌 F. solani	F：CGAGTTATACAACTCATCAACC R：GGCCTGAGGGTTGTA	95 ℃ 30 s；95 ℃ 5 s；60 ℃ 30 s
层出镰孢菌 F. proliferatum	F：GATCGGCGAGCCCTTGCGGCAAG R：CGCCGCGTACCAGTTGCGAG	95 ℃ 30 s；95 ℃ 5 s；65 ℃ 30 s
串珠镰孢菌 F. moniliflorme	F：GACTCGCGAGTCAAATCGCGT R：GGGGTTTAACGGCGTGGC	95 ℃ 30 s；95 ℃ 5 s；55 ℃ 30 s

表2 供试土壤的基本理化性质

Table 2 Basic physicochemical properties of the tested soils

地点 Site	铵态氮/（mg · kg^-1） NH₄-N	硝态氮/（mg · kg^-1） NO₃-N	速效磷/（mg · kg^-1） Available phosphorus	速效钾/（mg · kg^-1） Available potassium	有机质/（g · kg^-1） Organic matter	pH
昆嵛Kunyu	23.76	4.06	120.42	210.29	10.92	6.09
王格庄Wanggezhuang	15.67	2.19	86.98	208.96	9.38	5.62
栖霞Qixia	12.26	3.92	126.92	198.10	10.12	7.26

图1 菌株LZ1的鉴定以及与5种病原菌平板对峙试验图和抑菌率统计 A：菌株LZ1分别在PDA、MEA、CYA和CA培养基上7、10、15、30 d的形态；B：基于ITS序列构建的菌株LZ1系统发育树；C：显微镜下菌株LZ1的形态；D：抑菌率；E：菌株LZ1与5种病原菌的平板对峙试验（同一培养皿左侧接种LZ1，右侧接种病原菌）

Fig. 1 Identification of strain LZ1 and its plate confrontation assay and inhibition rate statistics against five pathogenic fungi A：Colonial morphology of strain LZ1 on PDA，MEA，CYA，and CA media at 7，10，15，and 30 days；B：Phylogenetic tree of strain LZ1 based on ITS sequence；C，Microscopic characteristics of strain LZ1；D：Inhibition rate；E：Plate confrontation assay between strain LZ1 and five pathogenic fungi（strain LZ1 was inoculated on the left，pathogenic fungi on the right in same dish）

图2 LZ1对连作平邑甜茶幼苗生长（A ~ E）和真菌侵染率（F）的影响 CK1：连作；CK2：溴甲烷熏蒸；BC：空白载体；LZ1：LZ1菌肥。不同字母表示相同时期处理间的差异显著（P < 0.05）

Fig. 2 Effects of LZ1 on the seedlings of continuous Malus hupehensis seedlings growth（A-E）and fungal colonization rate（F） CK1：Replanted soil；CK2：Methyl bromide fumigation；BC：Blank carrier；LZ1：LZ1 fungal fertilizer. Different letters denote statistically significant differences among treatments at the same growth stage（P < 0.05）

图3 温室试验中施用AMF和LZ1对M26的表型（A）、生物量（B ~ E）、土壤可培养微生物数量（F ~ H）和菌根侵染率（I）的影响（2025年3月） W-CK1：连作土壤；W-AMF：AMF菌剂；W-LZ1：LZ1菌肥；W-ALZ1：AMF菌剂 + LZ1菌肥。不同字母表示相同时期处理间的差异显著（P < 0.05）。下同

Fig. 3 Effects of AMF and LZ1 treatment on the phenotype（A），biomass（B-E），abundance of culturable soil microorganisms（F-H），and mycorrhizal colonization rate（I）in M26 apple rootstocks under greenhouse condition（March 2025） W-CK1：Replant soil；W-AMF：AMF inoculum；W-LZ1：LZ1 fungall fertilizer；W-ALZ1：AMF inoculum and LZ1 fungal fertilizer. Different letters denote statistically significant differences among treatments at the same growth stage（P < 0.05）among treatments. The same below

表3 AMF和LZ1联合施用对M26幼苗生物量和菌根侵染率的两因子方差分析结果

Table 3 Two-way ANOVA results of combined application of AMF and LZ1 on biomass and mycorrhizal colonization rate of M26 seedlings

处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height		地径 Ground diameter		鲜质量 Fresh weight		干质量 Dry weight		菌根侵染率 Mycorrhizal colonization rate
处理 Treatment	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P
AMF	191.96	< 0.001^***	33.02	< 0.001^***	154.23	< 0.001^***	31.58	< 0.001^***	78.75	< 0.001^***
LZ1	44.66	< 0.001^***	31.58	< 0.001^***	116.48	< 0.001^***	31.58	< 0.001^***	47.44	< 0.001^***
AMF + LZ1	5.43	< 0.05^*	0.70	ns	14.78	< 0.01^**	0.24	ns	5.68	< 0.05^*

图4 AMF和LZ1配施对连作平邑甜茶幼苗表型（A）、生物量（B ~ E）、土壤可培养微生物数量（F ~ H）（2025年8、9月）和镰孢菌基因拷贝数（I ~ L）（2025年8月）的影响 CK-1：连作土壤；CK-2：溴甲烷熏蒸；AMF：AMF菌剂；ALZ1：AMF菌剂 + LZ1菌肥

Fig. 4 Effects of combined application of AMF and LZ1 on the phenotype（A），biomass（B-E），soil culturable microorganisms populations（F-H）（August，September 2025）and Fusarium gene copy numbers（I-L）（August 2025）of replanted Malus hupehensis seedlings CK-1：Replant soil；CK-2：Methyl bromide fumigation；AMF：AMF inoculum；ALZ1：AMF inoculum and LZ1 fungal fertilizer

图5 AMF和LZ1配施对土壤酶活性的影响

Fig. 5 Effects of ALZ1 treatment on soil enzyme activities

图6 AMF和LZ1配施对菌根侵染率、孢子密度和球囊霉素相关蛋白含量影响

Fig. 6 Effects of ALZ1 treatment on mycorrhizal colonization rate，spore density，and glomalin-related soil protein content（GRSP）

图7 ALZ1处理对山东三地连作苹果幼树生长（A ~ E）和连作土壤环境（F ~ M）的影响（2025年10月） KY：昆嵛，WGZ：王格庄，QX：栖霞。T-CK：连作土壤；T-AMF：AMF菌剂；T-LZ1：LZ1菌肥；ALZ1：AMF菌剂 + LZ1菌肥

Fig. 7 Effects of ALZ1 treatment on the growth of replant apple saplings（A-E）and the replant soil environment（F-M）in three regions of Shandong（October 2025） KY：Kunyu，WGZ：Wanggezhuang，QX：Qixia；T-CK：Replant soil；T-AMF：AMF inoculum；T-LZ1：LZ1 fungall fertilizer；T-ALZ1：AMF inoculum and LZ1 fungal fertilizer

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丛枝菌根真菌与嗜松篮状菌LZ1协同缓解苹果连作障碍的机理研究

Mechanism of Synergistic Alleviation of Apple Replant Disease by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Talaromyces pinophilus LZ1

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丛枝菌根真菌与嗜松篮状菌LZ1协同缓解苹果连作障碍的机理研究

Mechanism of Synergistic Alleviation of Apple Replant Disease by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Talaromyces pinophilus LZ1

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