苹果病毒检测技术

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0415

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

简述了苹果病毒检测的指示植物检测法、电子显微镜检测技术、血清学检测技术、核酸杂交检测技术、PCR检测技术、逆转录重组酶聚合酶扩增检测技术、逆转录环介导恒温扩增检测技术、基因芯片检测技术、高通量测序检测技术的原理和特点，综述了不同检测技术取得的进展，展望了今后研究的主要方向。

关键词: 苹果, 病毒, 检测, 研究进展

Abstract:

In this paper，the principle and characteristics of detection techniques for apple tree virus were briefly summarized，including indicator plant method，transmission electron microscopy，serological detection，nucleic acid hybridization technique，reverse transcriptase polymerase amplification technique，reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification technique，reverse transcription-loop mediated thermostatic amplification technique，gene microarray and high-throughput sequencing technique. The progress of different technologies for apple tree viruses detection were reviewed. In addition，future research directions are prospected.

Key words: apple, virus, detection, research advance

刘成龙, 范旭东, 任芳, 张尊平, 胡国君, 董雅凤. 苹果病毒检测技术[J]. 园艺学报, 2024, 51(7): 1580-1594.

LIU Chenglong, FAN Xudong, REN Fang, ZHANG Zunping, HU Guojun, DONG Yafeng. Detection Methods of Apple Tree Viruses[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(7): 1580-1594.

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名称 Name	代号 Code	大小/nm Size	形态 Shape	结构 Structure	基因组大小/kb Genome
苹果茎沟病毒 Apple stem grooving virus	ASGV	640 × 12	线状 Line	有膜，螺旋对称 Membranous，spiral symmetric	6.5
苹果褪绿叶斑病毒 Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus	ACLSV	（640 ~ 800）× 12	线状 Line	有膜，螺旋对称 Membranous，spiral symmetric	7.5
苹果茎痘病毒 Apple stem pitting virus	ASPV	800 × 12	线状 Line	无包膜，螺旋对称 No capsule，spiral symmetric	9.3
苹果花叶病毒 Apple mosaic virus	ApMV	直径Diameter 26 ~ 35	正二十面体 Regular dodecahedron	无包膜，等轴对称 No capsule，equiaxed symmetry	RNA1 3.5，RNA2 3.0， RNA3 2.1
苹果潜伏球形病毒Apple latent spherical virus	ALSV	直径 Diameter 25	正二十面体 Regular dodecahedron	有膜，等轴对称 Membrane，equiaxed symmetry	RNA1 6.8，RNA2 3.4

名称 Name	代号 Code	大小/nm Size	形态 Shape	结构 Structure	基因组大小/kb Genome
苹果茎沟病毒 Apple stem grooving virus	ASGV	640 × 12	线状 Line	有膜，螺旋对称 Membranous，spiral symmetric	6.5
苹果褪绿叶斑病毒 Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus	ACLSV	（640 ~ 800）× 12	线状 Line	有膜，螺旋对称 Membranous，spiral symmetric	7.5
苹果茎痘病毒 Apple stem pitting virus	ASPV	800 × 12	线状 Line	无包膜，螺旋对称 No capsule，spiral symmetric	9.3
苹果花叶病毒 Apple mosaic virus	ApMV	直径Diameter 26 ~ 35	正二十面体 Regular dodecahedron	无包膜，等轴对称 No capsule，equiaxed symmetry	RNA1 3.5，RNA2 3.0， RNA3 2.1
苹果潜伏球形病毒Apple latent spherical virus	ALSV	直径 Diameter 25	正二十面体 Regular dodecahedron	有膜，等轴对称 Membrane，equiaxed symmetry	RNA1 6.8，RNA2 3.4