蓝莓保鲜技术研究进展

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0748

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

蓝莓的采后品质深受采摘季节气温和销贮运条件等客观因素影响。总结了导致蓝莓采后品质劣变的主要原因；收集了与蓝莓采后货架期延长和贮藏品质提升相关的最新技术信息，对目前蓝莓采后化学、物理及生物保鲜技术进行综述。今后应从细胞和分子水平上对蓝莓采后生理、病理及保鲜技术作用机理进行深入研究；运用多种保鲜技术复合处理，减少采后处理过程中的水分残留和机械损伤，实现货架期保持良好外观及内在品质。

关键词: 蓝莓, 采后, 品质劣变, 化学方法, 物理方法, 生物方法

Abstract:

The post-harvest quality of fresh blueberries is limited by objective factors such as temperature during the picking season and marketing and storage conditions. This paper explores the main causes of post harvest quality deterioration of blueberries；collects the latest information related to post harvest shelf-life extension and storage quality improvement of blueberries，and reviews the three types of post harvest treatment technologies，namely chemical，physical and biological，at home and abroad. In the future，post harvest physiopathology and preservation techniques should be studied in depth at the cellular and molecular levels. And on this basis，a variety of fresh-keeping technologies are used to reduce moisture residue and mechanical damage in the post-harvest treatment process，so as to maintain good visual appearance and internal quality of blueberries throughout the shelf life.

Key words: blueberry, postharvest, quality deterioration, chemical method, physical method, biological control method

丁捷, 刘春燕, 黄彭, 李红莹, 陈黎维, 蒲小燕, 刘耀文, 秦文. 蓝莓保鲜技术研究进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(9): 1944-1958.

DING Jie, LIU Chunyan, HUANG Peng, LI Hongying, CHEN Liwei, PU Xiaoyan, LIU Yaowen, QIN Wen. Recent Advances in Postharvest Technologies to Extend the Shelf Life of Blueberries[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(9): 1944-1958.

图/表 1

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产区Producing area		病害Disease	病原菌Pathogenic fungi	文献来源Reference
欧洲 Europe	西班牙安达卢西亚西南部 Southwest Andalusia, Spain	灰霉病Gray mold disease	灰葡萄孢菌Botrytis cinerea	Barrau et al.,2006
		黑斑病Black spot disease	链格孢菌属Alternaria spp.
		炭疽病Anthrax	炭疽菌Colletotrichum spp.
		木乃伊浆果 Mummy berry	蓝莓干枯病菌 Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi
北美 North America	美国密歇根州 Michigan, USA	炭疽病 Anthrax	尖孢炭疽 Colletotrichum acutatum
		黑斑病Black spot disease	链格孢菌属Alternaria spp.
		灰霉病Gray mold disease	灰葡萄孢Botrytis cinerea
亚洲 Asia	韩国高昌 Gaochang, Korea	炭疽病 Anthrax	尖孢炭疽菌 Colletotrichum acutatum，胶孢炭疽菌 C. gloeosporioides	Kim et al.,2009
	中国辽宁 Liaoning, China	灰霉病Gray mold disease	灰葡萄孢Botrytis cinerea	戴启东等,2016；周倩等,2020
		黑斑病Black spot disease	链格孢菌属Alternaria sp.
		青霉病Blue mold disease	青霉属Penicillium sp.
		软腐病 Soft-rotting	粉红单端孢 Trichothecium roseum
	中国华南 South China	灰霉病Gray mold disease	灰葡萄孢Botrytis cinerea	郜海燕等,2017
	中国华南 South China	青霉病Blue mold disease	青霉Penicillium cecidicola	郜海燕等,2017
	中国贵州 Guizhou, China	青霉病Blue mold disease	青霉Penicillium	吴文能等,2019
	中国四川 Sichuan, China	黑霉病Black mould disease	黑曲霉Aspergillus niger	刘春燕等,2022
	中国四川 Sichuan, China	青霉病Blue mold disease	青霉属Penicillium sp.	刘春燕等,2022

产区Producing area		病害Disease	病原菌Pathogenic fungi	文献来源Reference
欧洲 Europe	西班牙安达卢西亚西南部 Southwest Andalusia, Spain	灰霉病Gray mold disease	灰葡萄孢菌Botrytis cinerea	Barrau et al.,2006
		黑斑病Black spot disease	链格孢菌属Alternaria spp.
		炭疽病Anthrax	炭疽菌Colletotrichum spp.
		木乃伊浆果 Mummy berry	蓝莓干枯病菌 Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi
北美 North America	美国密歇根州 Michigan, USA	炭疽病 Anthrax	尖孢炭疽 Colletotrichum acutatum
		黑斑病Black spot disease	链格孢菌属Alternaria spp.
		灰霉病Gray mold disease	灰葡萄孢Botrytis cinerea
亚洲 Asia	韩国高昌 Gaochang, Korea	炭疽病 Anthrax	尖孢炭疽菌 Colletotrichum acutatum，胶孢炭疽菌 C. gloeosporioides	Kim et al.,2009
	中国辽宁 Liaoning, China	灰霉病Gray mold disease	灰葡萄孢Botrytis cinerea	戴启东等,2016；周倩等,2020
		黑斑病Black spot disease	链格孢菌属Alternaria sp.
		青霉病Blue mold disease	青霉属Penicillium sp.
		软腐病 Soft-rotting	粉红单端孢 Trichothecium roseum
	中国华南 South China	灰霉病Gray mold disease	灰葡萄孢Botrytis cinerea	郜海燕等,2017
	中国华南 South China	青霉病Blue mold disease	青霉Penicillium cecidicola	郜海燕等,2017
	中国贵州 Guizhou, China	青霉病Blue mold disease	青霉Penicillium	吴文能等,2019
	中国四川 Sichuan, China	黑霉病Black mould disease	黑曲霉Aspergillus niger	刘春燕等,2022
	中国四川 Sichuan, China	青霉病Blue mold disease	青霉属Penicillium sp.	刘春燕等,2022