气调保鲜技术在猕猴桃贮藏保鲜中的应用进展

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0579

园艺学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (9): 1916-1928.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0579

气调保鲜技术在猕猴桃贮藏保鲜中的应用进展

何斌¹, 徐勤超², 戢小梅³, 王小玲⁴, 张文东⁵, 程运江¹, 曾云流¹^,^*()

¹ 华中农业大学园艺林学学院，果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室，国家柑橘保鲜技术研发专业中心，武汉 430070
² 华中农业大学工学院，武汉 430070
³ 武汉市农业科学院，武汉 430075
⁴ 江西省科学院生物资源研究所，南昌 330096
⁵ 微呼吸（武汉）农业科技有限公司，武汉 430070

收稿日期:2023-03-07 修回日期:2023-05-06 出版日期:2023-09-25 发布日期:2023-09-26
通讯作者:
^*（E-mail：zengyl@mail.hzau.edu.cn）
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1200202-08); 国家自然科学基金面上项目(32272779); 湖北省重点研发项目(2023BBB064); 湖北省重点研发项目(2021BBA090); 农业农村部和财政部：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-26); 江西省科学院重点研发项目(2021YSBG21019)

Progress of Application on Controlled Atmosphere Preservation Technology in Kiwifruit Storage and Preservation

HE Bin¹, XU Qinchao², JI Xiaomei³, WANG Xiaoling⁴, ZHANG Wendong⁵, CHENG Yunjiang¹, ZENG Yunliu¹^,^*()

¹ National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops，National R & D Center for Citrus Preservation，College of Horticulture and Forestry Science，Huazhong Agricultural University，Wuhan 430070，China
² College of Engineering，Huazhong Agricultural University，Wuhan 430070，China
³ Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Wuhan 430075，China
⁴ Institute of Biological Resources，Jiangxi Academy of Sciences，Nanchang 330096，China
⁵ Weihuxi（Wuhan）Agricultural Technology Co.，Ltd.，Wuhan 430070，China

Received:2023-03-07 Revised:2023-05-06 Published:2023-09-25 Online:2023-09-26
Contact: ^*（E-mail：zengyl@mail.hzau.edu.cn）

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

气调贮藏是一种通过改变贮藏气体环境，有效延长猕猴桃等果蔬贮藏寿命与货架期的高效保鲜技术，但是由于气调设备昂贵、管理技术复杂、设备与参数研究滞后、市场过度竞争等问题，气调贮藏在中国果蔬保鲜上始终未能得到广泛有效地应用。因此，本文中以猕猴桃果实为例，综述了气调贮藏对果实品质的影响，详述了使用气调贮藏时需控制的参数，梳理了气调保鲜技术在猕猴桃贮藏保鲜中的应用情况，最后针对在实际应用中存在的问题做出展望，以期为猕猴桃等园艺产品气调保鲜技术的发展与应用提供指导。

关键词: 猕猴桃, 采后, 气调保鲜

Abstract:

Controlled atmosphere（CA）storage is an efficient fresh-keeping technology that can significantly prolong the storage life and shelf life of kiwifruit and other fruits and vegetables by changing the gas composition. However，due to the problems of expensive CA equipment，complex management technologies，lagging research on equipment and parameters，and excessive competition in the market，the CA technology has not been widely and effectively applied in the fresh-keeping of fruits and vegetables in China. Therefore，taking kiwifruit as an example，this paper summarized the influence of CA storage on regulation of fruit quality，detailed parameters when manipulated CA storage，the application of CA storage technology during kiwifruit storage. This review will provide guidance for the development and application of CA technology for kiwifruit and other horticultural products.

Key words: kiwifruit, postharvest, controlled atmosphere storage

何斌, 徐勤超, 戢小梅, 王小玲, 张文东, 程运江, 曾云流. 气调保鲜技术在猕猴桃贮藏保鲜中的应用进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2023, 50(9): 1916-1928.

HE Bin, XU Qinchao, JI Xiaomei, WANG Xiaoling, ZHANG Wendong, CHENG Yunjiang, ZENG Yunliu. Progress of Application on Controlled Atmosphere Preservation Technology in Kiwifruit Storage and Preservation[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(9): 1916-1928.

图/表 2

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种系 Species	品种 Cultivar	温度/℃ Temperature	O₂/%	CO₂/%	保鲜效果 Fresh-keeping roles	参考文献 Reference
美味 Actinidia deliciosa	翠香 Cuixiang	0 ± 0.5	2.5	4.5	延缓果实硬度下降，降低腐烂率与失重率 Delays the decline of fruit softness，and reduces the rate of fruit decay and weight loss	廖梓懿等,2021
	徐香 Xuxiang	0 ± 1	2.0	5.0	抑制MDA含量上升，保持维生素C含量 Inhibit the increase of MDA content and maintain the level of vitamin C	康慧芳等,2020
	海沃德 Hayward	0	2.0	5.0	保持果实硬度 Effectively maintains the fruit firmness	Li et al.,2017
	哑特 Yate	0 ± 0.5	2.5 ~ 3.0	4.0 ~ 4.5	抑制与乙烯合成相关酶活性，减少乙烯生成 Inhibit the activity of enzymes associated with ethylene synthesis to reduce ethylene production	王静,2015
	秦美 Qinmei	0 ± 0.5	2.5 ~ 3.0	4.0 ~ 4.5	贮藏期比冷藏长2 ~ 3个月，且风味较好 The CA storage period is 2-3 months longer than that in cold room storage，and the flavor is better	邢红华等,1998
中华 A. chinensis Planch	红阳 Hongyang	0 ~ 2.0	3.0 ~ 5.0	3.0 ~ 5.0	保持果实品质，延长果实贮藏保鲜时间 Maintain fruit quality and extend fruit storage and preservation time	邱静等,2019
	红阳 Hongyang	1.0 ± 0.5	2.0	3.0	抑制细胞壁降解酶活性，延缓果实硬度下降 Inhibit the activity of cell wall-degrading enzymes to delay the decrease in fruit firmness	王亚楠等,2013
	华优 Huayou	0.5 ± 0.3	2.5 ~ 3.0	4.0 ~ 4.5	抑制货架期果实可溶性固形物含量上升 Inhibit the increase of SSC in fruits during the shelf life	姚天娇,2015
	金桃 Jintao	1.0 ± 0.5	5.0	3.0	可提高果实货架品质 Improves shelf quality of fruits	张四普等,2022
软枣 A. arguta	丰绿 Fenglü	1.0 ~ 4.0	/	5.0	抑制果实呼吸，较好保持果实硬度 Inhibit fruit respiration，which helps to maintain fruit firmness	蔡慧,2012
	长江一号 Changjiang 1	0 ± 0.5	17.1 ~ 18.6	2.2 ~ 3.1	抑制果实软化与腐烂，保持果实品质 Inhibits fruit softening and decay to maintain fruit quality	颜廷才等,2016

种系 Species	品种 Cultivar	温度/℃ Temperature	O₂/%	CO₂/%	保鲜效果 Fresh-keeping roles	参考文献 Reference
美味 Actinidia deliciosa	翠香 Cuixiang	0 ± 0.5	2.5	4.5	延缓果实硬度下降，降低腐烂率与失重率 Delays the decline of fruit softness，and reduces the rate of fruit decay and weight loss	廖梓懿等,2021
	徐香 Xuxiang	0 ± 1	2.0	5.0	抑制MDA含量上升，保持维生素C含量 Inhibit the increase of MDA content and maintain the level of vitamin C	康慧芳等,2020
	海沃德 Hayward	0	2.0	5.0	保持果实硬度 Effectively maintains the fruit firmness	Li et al.,2017
	哑特 Yate	0 ± 0.5	2.5 ~ 3.0	4.0 ~ 4.5	抑制与乙烯合成相关酶活性，减少乙烯生成 Inhibit the activity of enzymes associated with ethylene synthesis to reduce ethylene production	王静,2015
	秦美 Qinmei	0 ± 0.5	2.5 ~ 3.0	4.0 ~ 4.5	贮藏期比冷藏长2 ~ 3个月，且风味较好 The CA storage period is 2-3 months longer than that in cold room storage，and the flavor is better	邢红华等,1998
中华 A. chinensis Planch	红阳 Hongyang	0 ~ 2.0	3.0 ~ 5.0	3.0 ~ 5.0	保持果实品质，延长果实贮藏保鲜时间 Maintain fruit quality and extend fruit storage and preservation time	邱静等,2019
	红阳 Hongyang	1.0 ± 0.5	2.0	3.0	抑制细胞壁降解酶活性，延缓果实硬度下降 Inhibit the activity of cell wall-degrading enzymes to delay the decrease in fruit firmness	王亚楠等,2013
	华优 Huayou	0.5 ± 0.3	2.5 ~ 3.0	4.0 ~ 4.5	抑制货架期果实可溶性固形物含量上升 Inhibit the increase of SSC in fruits during the shelf life	姚天娇,2015
	金桃 Jintao	1.0 ± 0.5	5.0	3.0	可提高果实货架品质 Improves shelf quality of fruits	张四普等,2022
软枣 A. arguta	丰绿 Fenglü	1.0 ~ 4.0	/	5.0	抑制果实呼吸，较好保持果实硬度 Inhibit fruit respiration，which helps to maintain fruit firmness	蔡慧,2012
	长江一号 Changjiang 1	0 ± 0.5	17.1 ~ 18.6	2.2 ~ 3.1	抑制果实软化与腐烂，保持果实品质 Inhibits fruit softening and decay to maintain fruit quality	颜廷才等,2016

控制类别 Control categories	处理 Processing	使用与效果 Usage and effect	作物种类 Crop species	参考文献 Reference
清除 Removal	通风换气 Ventilation	可以直接清除环境中的乙烯，但需注意处理时间 Can directly remove ethylene from the environment，need to pay attention to the processing time	苹果 Apple	胡磊洋等,2018
	臭氧 Ozone	可直接氧化乙烯，延缓果实后熟 Direct oxidation of ethylene to delay fruit ripening	猕猴桃 Kiwifruit	Minas et al.,2018
	高锰酸钾 Potassium permanganate	抑制果实软化，减少果实失重和腐烂 Inhibit fruit softening，reduce fruit weight loss and decay	蓝莓 Blueberry	Wang et al.,2018
	紫外辐射 Ultraviolet radiation	产生氧原子与低浓度臭氧来清除乙烯 UV radiation can produce oxygen atoms with low concentrations of ozone to remove ethylene	苹果 Apple	Jozwiak et al.,2003
	光催化氧化 Photocatalytic oxidation	使用二氧化钛作为催化剂实现对乙烯的氧化去除 The oxidative removal of ethylene is achieved using materials such as titanium dioxide as a catalyst	番茄 Tomato	Kaewklin et al.,2018
	含铂二氧化硅 Pt-Loaded Silica	可有效分解乙烯 Can effectively decompose ethylene	香蕉、鳄梨 Banana，Avocado	Na et al.,2019
	活性碳—TiO₂复合材料 Biocarbon-TiO₂nanocomposites	通过吸附和光催化可加强对乙烯的去除 Adsorption and photocatalysis can enhance the removal of ethylene	/	Regadera-Macías et al.,2023
	真空紫外光解 Vacuum ultraviolet photolysis	减少贮藏环境中乙烯含量，保持果实品质 Reduce ethylene content in storage environment and maintain fruit quality	苹果、猕猴桃 Apple，Kiwifruit	Pathak et al.,2017
	高温催化氧化 High temperature catalytic oxidation	使用铂、铜等作为催化剂进行催化燃烧，可以有效去除乙烯 The catalytic combustion of ethylene using platinum and copper as catalysts can be effective in removing ethylene	/	Wojciechowski,1989
	钯-ZSM-5 Palladium-ZSM-5	可将乙烯氧化成二氧化碳 Can oxidize ethylene to carbon dioxide	猕猴桃 Kiwifruit	Mok et al.,2019
	活性炭负载氯化钯、硫酸铜Activated carbon supported PdCl₂-CuSO₄	延缓黄化，有效保持西兰花品质 Delay yellowing and effectively maintain broccoli quality	西兰花 Broccoli	Cao et al.,2015
减少产生 Reduced generation	降温 Lower temperature	抑制与乙烯合成相关基因的表达，减少乙烯产生 Inhibit the expression of gene related to ethylene synthesis and reduce ethylene production	猕猴桃 Kiwifruit	Afshar-Mohammadian et al.,2019
	降温 Lower temperature	抑制果实呼吸速率，减少乙烯产生 Inhibit fruit respiration rate and reduce ethylene production	杏 Apricot	Fan et al.,2018
	1H-环丙基苯 1H-cyclopropabenzene	抑制乙烯产生，有效保持果实品质 Inhibit ethylene production and effectively maintain fruit quality	李 Plum	Kyaw et al.,2021
	(S)-氨基乙氧基乙烯基甘氨酸（AVG） Aminoethoxyvinylglycine	抑制乙烯合成限速酶—ACC合酶的活性，减少乙烯的生物合成 Inhibits the activity of ACC synthase to reduce ethylene biosynthesis	玫瑰 Rose	Ha et al.,2020
	褪黑激素 Melatonin	通过下调乙烯生物合成基因抑制乙烯产生 Inhibit ethylene production by down-regulating ethylene biosynthetic genes	苹果 Apple	Onik et al.,2021
削弱影响 Weakening impact	1-甲基环丙烯（1-MCP） 1-Methylcyclopropene	通过与乙烯受体永久性结合，抑制乙烯对果实的影响 1-MCP can dull fruit perception of ethylene signals by permanently binding to ethylene receptors	香蕉 Banana	Chang & Brecht,2023
	1-甲基环丙烯 1-Methylcyclopropene	保持果实品质，延缓呼吸和乙烯释放 Maintain fruit quality by delaying respiration and ethylene release	桃 Peach	Zhang et al.,2022
	1-甲基环丙烯 1-Methylcyclopropene	削弱了乙烯的影响，并有效抑制了乙烯的产生 Weakened the influence of ethylene and effectively inhibited the production of ethylene	蓝莓 Blueberry	Xu et al.,2020
	1-MCP联合高锰酸钾 1-MCP combined with potassium permanganate	显著抑制乙烯产生，减少了采后病害的发生 Significantly inhibit ethylene production，reducing the occurrence of postharvest disease	梨 Pear	Wang et al.,2021
	重氮环戊二烯（DACP） Diazocyclopentadiene	在光照下能永久与乙烯受体结合，使乙烯受体失效 Under light，DACP can permanently binds to the ethylene receptor，thus disabling most ethylene receptors	苹果 Apple	Sisler & Blankenship,1993

控制类别 Control categories	处理 Processing	使用与效果 Usage and effect	作物种类 Crop species	参考文献 Reference
清除 Removal	通风换气 Ventilation	可以直接清除环境中的乙烯，但需注意处理时间 Can directly remove ethylene from the environment，need to pay attention to the processing time	苹果 Apple	胡磊洋等,2018
	臭氧 Ozone	可直接氧化乙烯，延缓果实后熟 Direct oxidation of ethylene to delay fruit ripening	猕猴桃 Kiwifruit	Minas et al.,2018
	高锰酸钾 Potassium permanganate	抑制果实软化，减少果实失重和腐烂 Inhibit fruit softening，reduce fruit weight loss and decay	蓝莓 Blueberry	Wang et al.,2018
	紫外辐射 Ultraviolet radiation	产生氧原子与低浓度臭氧来清除乙烯 UV radiation can produce oxygen atoms with low concentrations of ozone to remove ethylene	苹果 Apple	Jozwiak et al.,2003
	光催化氧化 Photocatalytic oxidation	使用二氧化钛作为催化剂实现对乙烯的氧化去除 The oxidative removal of ethylene is achieved using materials such as titanium dioxide as a catalyst	番茄 Tomato	Kaewklin et al.,2018
	含铂二氧化硅 Pt-Loaded Silica	可有效分解乙烯 Can effectively decompose ethylene	香蕉、鳄梨 Banana，Avocado	Na et al.,2019
	活性碳—TiO₂复合材料 Biocarbon-TiO₂nanocomposites	通过吸附和光催化可加强对乙烯的去除 Adsorption and photocatalysis can enhance the removal of ethylene	/	Regadera-Macías et al.,2023
	真空紫外光解 Vacuum ultraviolet photolysis	减少贮藏环境中乙烯含量，保持果实品质 Reduce ethylene content in storage environment and maintain fruit quality	苹果、猕猴桃 Apple，Kiwifruit	Pathak et al.,2017
	高温催化氧化 High temperature catalytic oxidation	使用铂、铜等作为催化剂进行催化燃烧，可以有效去除乙烯 The catalytic combustion of ethylene using platinum and copper as catalysts can be effective in removing ethylene	/	Wojciechowski,1989
	钯-ZSM-5 Palladium-ZSM-5	可将乙烯氧化成二氧化碳 Can oxidize ethylene to carbon dioxide	猕猴桃 Kiwifruit	Mok et al.,2019
	活性炭负载氯化钯、硫酸铜Activated carbon supported PdCl₂-CuSO₄	延缓黄化，有效保持西兰花品质 Delay yellowing and effectively maintain broccoli quality	西兰花 Broccoli	Cao et al.,2015
减少产生 Reduced generation	降温 Lower temperature	抑制与乙烯合成相关基因的表达，减少乙烯产生 Inhibit the expression of gene related to ethylene synthesis and reduce ethylene production	猕猴桃 Kiwifruit	Afshar-Mohammadian et al.,2019
	降温 Lower temperature	抑制果实呼吸速率，减少乙烯产生 Inhibit fruit respiration rate and reduce ethylene production	杏 Apricot	Fan et al.,2018
	1H-环丙基苯 1H-cyclopropabenzene	抑制乙烯产生，有效保持果实品质 Inhibit ethylene production and effectively maintain fruit quality	李 Plum	Kyaw et al.,2021
	(S)-氨基乙氧基乙烯基甘氨酸（AVG） Aminoethoxyvinylglycine	抑制乙烯合成限速酶—ACC合酶的活性，减少乙烯的生物合成 Inhibits the activity of ACC synthase to reduce ethylene biosynthesis	玫瑰 Rose	Ha et al.,2020
	褪黑激素 Melatonin	通过下调乙烯生物合成基因抑制乙烯产生 Inhibit ethylene production by down-regulating ethylene biosynthetic genes	苹果 Apple	Onik et al.,2021
削弱影响 Weakening impact	1-甲基环丙烯（1-MCP） 1-Methylcyclopropene	通过与乙烯受体永久性结合，抑制乙烯对果实的影响 1-MCP can dull fruit perception of ethylene signals by permanently binding to ethylene receptors	香蕉 Banana	Chang & Brecht,2023
	1-甲基环丙烯 1-Methylcyclopropene	保持果实品质，延缓呼吸和乙烯释放 Maintain fruit quality by delaying respiration and ethylene release	桃 Peach	Zhang et al.,2022
	1-甲基环丙烯 1-Methylcyclopropene	削弱了乙烯的影响，并有效抑制了乙烯的产生 Weakened the influence of ethylene and effectively inhibited the production of ethylene	蓝莓 Blueberry	Xu et al.,2020
	1-MCP联合高锰酸钾 1-MCP combined with potassium permanganate	显著抑制乙烯产生，减少了采后病害的发生 Significantly inhibit ethylene production，reducing the occurrence of postharvest disease	梨 Pear	Wang et al.,2021
	重氮环戊二烯（DACP） Diazocyclopentadiene	在光照下能永久与乙烯受体结合，使乙烯受体失效 Under light，DACP can permanently binds to the ethylene receptor，thus disabling most ethylene receptors	苹果 Apple	Sisler & Blankenship,1993

气调保鲜技术在猕猴桃贮藏保鲜中的应用进展

Progress of Application on Controlled Atmosphere Preservation Technology in Kiwifruit Storage and Preservation

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气调保鲜技术在猕猴桃贮藏保鲜中的应用进展

Progress of Application on Controlled Atmosphere Preservation Technology in Kiwifruit Storage and Preservation

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