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园艺学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (8): 1517-1530.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-2002

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

转光棚膜对番茄叶片光合能力和番茄红素含量的影响

冯倩1,2, 董灵迪3, 尹义蕾4, 焦永刚3, 郭敬华3, 李青云2, 刘丙伟5, 于贤昌1, 孙敏涛1, 贺超兴1, 李衍素1, 王君1, 闫妍1,**()   

  1. 1中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京 100081
    2河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定 071000
    3河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所,石家庄 255400
    4农业农村部规划设计研究院,北京 100125
    5华盾雪花塑料(固安)有限公司,河北廊坊065500
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-05 修回日期:2021-07-26 出版日期:2021-08-25 发布日期:2021-09-06
  • 通讯作者: 闫妍 E-mail:yanyan101@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB0302404);河北省重点研发计划项目(20326903D);国家自然科学基金项目(31601796);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-25-C-01);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS);农业农村部园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室项目

Improvement of Photosynthetic Capacity and Lycopene Content of Tomatoes by Covering with Light Conversion Plastic Films

FENG Qian1,2, DONG Lingdi3, YIN Yilei4, JIAO Yonggang3, GUO Jinghua3, LI Qingyun2, LIU Bingwei5, YU Xianchang1, SUN Mintao1, HE Chaoxing1, LI Yansu1, WANG Jun1, YAN Yan1,**()   

  1. 1Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China
    2College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071000,China
    3Economic Crops Research Institute,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 255400,China
    4Institute of Protected Agriculture,Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China
    5Huadun Xuehua Plastics(Gu’an)Co.,Ltd,Langfang,Hebei 065500,China
  • Received:2021-02-05 Revised:2021-07-26 Online:2021-08-25 Published:2021-09-06
  • Contact: YAN Yan E-mail:yanyan101@163.com

摘要:

以番茄‘金鹏8号’为材料,在普通EVA(乙烯—乙酸乙烯酯共聚物膜)中添加不同转光剂形成的转光棚膜,覆盖日光温室中比较不同棚膜对番茄植株生长、叶片光合能力以及果实产量和品质的影响。采用荧光光度计、红外光谱仪和双光束紫外可见光分光光度计对EVA膜(对照)、EVA膜加转光剂VTB470的转光膜C-RBI-2和EVA加转光剂VTB450的转光膜C-RBI-3的光学特性和力学特性(厚度、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和直角撕裂强度)进行了测定。结果表明:C-RBI-2膜将紫外光转为蓝光,发射光谱在470 nm,覆盖C-RBI-2膜能够通过提高番茄叶片内Rubisco小亚基基因(RbcS)的表达、提高叶片的组织结构紧密度(CTR)和叶片组织疏松度(SR)、增加栅栏细胞、海绵细胞和叶片的厚度进而提高净光合速率(Pn)。覆盖C-RBI-2膜能够增加根系对全氮(N)、全磷(P)和全钾(K)的吸收,提高番茄产量,增加成熟期果实八氢番茄红素合成酶1基因(PSY1)、八氢番茄红素脱氢酶基因(PDS)和ζ-胡萝卜素脱氢酶基因(ZDS)的表达量,进而增加番茄红素含量;而C-RBI-3膜将紫外光转为蓝光,发射光谱在450 nm,抑制了RbcSRbcL基因的表达,降低了番茄叶片中Pn和Rubisco活性,降低了番茄红素含量。明确了紫外光转蓝光,发射光谱在470 nm具有提高番茄叶片光合能力和番茄红素含量的作用。由此可知,覆盖C-RBI-2转光膜可有效促进秋冬茬日光温室内番茄叶片光合能力,提高番茄品质。

关键词: 番茄, 光合作用, 转光棚膜, 蓝光, 日光温室, 品质

Abstract:

The light conversion plastic film is formed by adding different light conversion agents into ordinary EVA(ethylene-vinyl acetate)copolymer film. In this study,we compared the effects of different plastic films on plant growth,leaf photosynthesis,yield,and fruit quality of tomato 'Jinpeng 8' in a solar greenhouse. The optical and mechanical properties(such as thickness,tensile strength,elongation at break,and right-angle tearing strength)of EVA film(control),light conversion film C-RBI-2(EVA film plus light conversion agent VTB470),and C-RBI-3(EVA plus light conversion agent VTB450)were measured by using a fluorometer,infrared spectrometer,and dual-beam UV-visible spectrophotometer,respectively. Our results demonstrated that C-RBI-2 film converted ultraviolet light into blue light with emission spectrum at 470 nm. Covering C-RBI-2 film increased the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)by upregulating the expression of the the small subunits of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase(RbcS),improving the tightness of the leaf tissue structure and the leaf tissue porosity values,and increasing the thickness of fence cells,sponge cells,and leaves. Additionally,Covering C-RBI-3 film promoted the root absorption of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K),increased tomato yields,and raised the lycopene content by upregulating the gene expressions of phytoene synthase 1(PSY1),phytoene desaturase(PDS),and ζ-carotene desaturase(ZDS)during the ripening stage. By contrast,the C-RBI-3 film converted ultraviolet light into blue light with an emission spectrum at 450 nm,inhibited the gene expressions of RbcS and RbcL,reduced the activity of Pn and Rubisco in tomato leaves,reduced the content of lycopene,and clarified the fact that the ultraviolet-to-blue light convertion with the emission spectrum at 470 nm can improve the photosynthetic capacity and lycopene content of tomato leaves. Taken together,covering C-RBI-2 is a better choice to effectively promote the photosynthetic capacity of tomato leaves and improve the fruits’ quality in the solar greenhouse when growing plants during the autumn and winter.

Key words: tomato, photosynthesis, light conversion film, blue light, solar greenhouse, quality

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