柑橘黄脉病毒侵染对柠檬光合特性和叶绿体超微结构的影响

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0391

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以3年生尤力克柠檬实生苗为试验材料,嫁接柑橘黄脉病毒（CYVCV）现症后,测定叶片的叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光参数、光合参数和酶活性。与健康植株相比,病株中叶绿素含量（Chl）、净光合速率（P_n）、气孔导度（G_s）、潜在光化学效率（F_v/F_o）和最大光化学效率（F_v/F_m）较对照植株显著降低,初始荧光（F_o）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量显著增高,过氧化物酶（POD）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性无显著变化,透射电镜观察发现其叶绿体因淀粉粒增多而肿胀变大,基质和基粒片层松散,嗜锇颗粒增多。CYVCV侵染破坏了尤力克柠檬的叶绿体结构,严重影响叶片的光合作用能力,进而引起植株生长受阻。

关键词: 柑橘, 柑橘黄脉病毒, 柠檬, 光合作用, 叶绿体, 超微结构

Abstract:

Three-year-old Eureka lemon seedlings citrus yellow vein clearing virus（CYVCV）infection were used as test materials. After the seedlings showed typical symptoms such as yellowing and vein clearing,the following parameters as chlorophyll content,chlorophyll fluorescence,photosynthetic parameters and enzyme activities of lemon leaves etc.,were measured or monitored,respectively. The results showed that chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate（P_n）,stomatal conductance（G_s）,potential photochemical efficiency（F_v/F_o）and maximum photochemical efficiency（F_v/F_m）in CYVCV infected lemon had been significantly reduced,whereas the initial fluorescence（F_o）,catalase activity（CAT）and malondialdehyde（MDA）content had been significantly increased. There was no significant changes in the activities of peroxidase（POD）and superoxide（SOD）dismutase. After infection it was found that,the chloroplasts swelled and deformed due to the increase of starch grains,the stroma and grana lamellas were loose by using transmission electron microscope（TEM）,and a large number of osmophilic granules were observed. The results indicated that CYVCV infection destroyed the chloroplast structure and reduced the photosynthesis in lemon leaf.

Key words: Citrus, Citrus yellow vein clearing virus, lemon, photosynthesis, chloroplast ultrastructure

中图分类号:

S666.1

王莹, 秦阳阳, 曾婷, 廖平, 张伟, 周彦, 周常勇. 柑橘黄脉病毒侵染对柠檬光合特性和叶绿体超微结构的影响[J]. 园艺学报, 2022, 49(4): 861-867.

WANG Ying, QIN Yangyang, ZENG Ting, LIAO Ping, ZHANG Wei, ZHOU Yan, ZHOU Changyong. Effects of Citrus Yellow Vein Clearing Virus on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Chloroplast Ultrastructure of Lemon[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(4): 861-867.

图/表 4

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处理 Treatment	Chl.a/ （mg · g^-1）	Chl. b/ （mg · g^-1）	Chl. a+b/ （mg · g^-1）	Chl. a/b	P_n/ （mol · m^-2· s^-1）	G_s/ (mol · m^-2 · s^-1)	C_i/ （mol · mol^-1）
对照Control	1.558 ± 0.066	0.839 ± 0.066	2.380 ± 0.118	1.864 ± 0.074	7.833 ± 0.462	86.33 ± 9.074	264.3 ± 18.50
病株 Infected plant	0.239 ± 0.014^**	0.181 ± 0.007^**	0.421 ± 0.021^**	1.316 ± 0.030^**	5.200 ± 0.781^*	58.33 ± 5.508^*	282.0 ± 17.35

处理 Treatment	Chl.a/ （mg · g^-1）	Chl. b/ （mg · g^-1）	Chl. a+b/ （mg · g^-1）	Chl. a/b	P_n/ （mol · m^-2· s^-1）	G_s/ (mol · m^-2 · s^-1)	C_i/ （mol · mol^-1）
对照Control	1.558 ± 0.066	0.839 ± 0.066	2.380 ± 0.118	1.864 ± 0.074	7.833 ± 0.462	86.33 ± 9.074	264.3 ± 18.50
病株 Infected plant	0.239 ± 0.014^**	0.181 ± 0.007^**	0.421 ± 0.021^**	1.316 ± 0.030^**	5.200 ± 0.781^*	58.33 ± 5.508^*	282.0 ± 17.35

处理 Treatment	初始荧光 F_o	潜在光化学效率 F_v/F_o	最大光化学效率 F_v/F_m	光淬灭系数 q_P	非光淬灭系数 q_N
对照 Control	447.8 ± 18.36	3.061 ± 0.326a	0.7470 ± 0.019	1.006 ± 0.014	0.027 ± 0.005
病株 Infected plant	586.8 ± 12.35 a^*	2.090 ± 0.127^*	0.6536 ± 0.012^*	0.907 ± 0.024^**	0.013 ± 0.001^*

处理 Treatment	初始荧光 F_o	潜在光化学效率 F_v/F_o	最大光化学效率 F_v/F_m	光淬灭系数 q_P	非光淬灭系数 q_N
对照 Control	447.8 ± 18.36	3.061 ± 0.326a	0.7470 ± 0.019	1.006 ± 0.014	0.027 ± 0.005
病株 Infected plant	586.8 ± 12.35 a^*	2.090 ± 0.127^*	0.6536 ± 0.012^*	0.907 ± 0.024^**	0.013 ± 0.001^*

处理 Treatment	CAT/（nmol · g^-1 FW）	SOD/（U · g^-1 FW）	POD/（U · g^-1 FW）	MDA/（nmol · g^-1 FW）
健康对照Control	842.9 ± 54.99	132.8 ± 1.083	309.1 ± 22.68	28.82 ± 0.106
感病Infected plant	1 580.0 ± 180.2^*	184.6 ± 17.35	297.2 ± 6.291	103.9 ± 8.377^**