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园艺学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 1069-1079.

• 果树 • 上一篇    下一篇

纽荷尔脐橙叶片矿质元素含量适宜值的研究

谢文龙,李 健*,施 清,李美桂,谢钟琛   

  1. (福建省农业厅果树站,福州 350003)
  • 收稿日期:2013-12-05 出版日期:2014-06-25 发布日期:2014-06-25

Studies on the Optimum Parameters for Mineral Nutrition in Newhall Navel Orange Leaves

XIE Wen-long,LI Jian*,SHI Qing,LI Mei-gui,and XIE Zhong-chen   

  1. (Station of Fruit,Agricultural Department of Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350003,China)
  • Received:2013-12-05 Online:2014-06-25 Published:2014-06-25

摘要: 在闽西北中亚热带红壤地区,采集纽荷尔脐橙[Citrus sinensis(L.)Osbeck‘Newhall’]50果园(范围N25°3′27″ ~ N27°8′、海拔160 ~ 660 m),100个单株的叶片、土壤和果实样品,研究果实品质及株产等级与26个矿质元素的关系。结果表明:①果实品质受叶片矿质元素的影响依次为:可溶性固形物(36.5%,贡献率,下同)> 粗纤维(27.1%)> 可滴定酸(20.0%)> 单果质量(16.1%);叶片矿质元素对品质影响的贡献率依次为:K(15.8%)> Cu(11.3%)> Ca(11.2 %)> N(10.5%)> Ni、B(8.7%)> Cd(7.8%)> P(7.4%)> Mg(7.3%),累计贡献88.7%。②叶片矿质元素对株产等级影响的标准回归系数排序为:La(–0.553)> Ni(–0.405)> Zn(+ 0.395)> Cu(–0.377)。③推荐16项叶片矿质元素诊断标准“元素(< 缺乏;适宜下限 ~ 适宜上限;> 过量)”:N(2.7% ~ 3.2%)、P(0.13% ~ 0.20%)、K(1.2% ~ 1.9%;> 2.2%)、Ca(2.5% ~ 4.0%)、Mg(< 0.20%;0.22% ~ 0.45%)、Cu(5.0 ~ 25 mg · kg-1;> 60 mg · kg-1)、Zn(20 ~ 50 mg · kg-1)、Fe(50 ~ 200 mg · kg-1)、Mn(20 ~ 150 mg · kg-1)、B(< 20 mg · kg-1;35 ~ 150 mg · kg-1)、Mo(0.05 ~ 1.0 mg · kg-1)、S(0.28% ~ 0.40%)、Cl(< 0.2%;> 0.5%);限量元素Ni(≤ 3.0 mg · kg-1)、Cd(≤ 0.3 mg · kg-1)、La(≤ 12 mg · kg-1)。

关键词: 柑橘, 纽荷尔脐橙, 叶片, 矿质元素, 果实品质, 产量, 适宜值

Abstract: By assaying leaf,fruit and soil samples of 100 individual plants in 50 Newhall naval orange(Citrus sinensis)orchards,which were situated in mid-subtropics soil region in northwest Fujian and located at latitudes ranging from N25°3′27″–N27°8′,H 160–660 m,the relationship between concentrations of 26 mineral elements and fruit quality and yield per plant were studied. Results showed: ①The contribution rates of fruit quality indexes,TSS,CF,titrable acid and single fruit weight,to fruit-quality were 36.5%,27.1%,20.0 and 16.1%,respectively;While those of mineral element level in leaf,including K,Cu,Ca,N,Ni,B,Cd,P and Mg,were 15.8%,11.3%,11.2%,10.5%,8.7%,8.7%,7.8%,7.4% and 7.3%,respectively,and amounted to 88.7%. ②According to standard regression analysis,the influence rates of different mineral element levels on yield per plant,from the highest to the lowest,were La(–0.553),Ni(–0.405),Zn(+ 0.395),and Cu(–0.377). ③ Sixteen mineral elements were recommended for leaf nutrient diagnosis in Newhall navel orange(< lack;minimum–maximum;> over):N(2.7%–3.2%),P(0.13%–0.20%),K(1.2%–1.9%;> 2.2%),Ca(2.5%–4.0%),Mg(< 0.20%;0.22%–0.45%),Cu(5.0–25 mg · kg-1;> 60 mg · kg-1),Zn(20–50 mg · kg-1),Fe(50–200 mg · kg-1),Mn(20–150 mg · kg-1),B(< 20 mg · kg-1;35–150 mg · kg-1),Mo(0.05–1.0 mg · kg-1),S(0.28%–0.40%),Cl(< 0.2%;> 0.5%);Limited elements Ni(≤ 3.0 mg · kg-1),Cd (≤ 0.3 mg · kg-1),La(≤ 12 mg · kg-1).

Key words: citrus, Newhall navel orange, leaf, mineral elements, fruit quality, yield per plant, the optimum parameters for mineral nutrition

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