Abstract: The genetic diversity of 56 accessions of mango germplasm，which were maintained in South Subtropical Crops Research Institute，Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences，China，were analyzed using morphological characters and AFLP markers. The results showed that these mango germplasm have rich genetic variation in morphology. The Shannon-Weinner index ranged from 0.56 to 1.64，and the Euclid distance of the morphological characters analyze ranged from 0.02 to 0.45. A total of 713 fragments were generated from 8 pairs of selective AFLP primer combination，630（88.36%）of which were polymorphic. The molecular genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0.38 to 0.85. The Mental test showed that phenotypic variation was obviously positively correlated with the genetic distance based on AFLP markers（r = 0.72，P = 0.05）. Both our molecular and morphological data suggested that the mango germplasm were rich in genetic diversity.

Key words: mango, AFLP marker, morphological character, genetic diversity