Analysis of the Decomposition of Organic Materials and Nutrients Contents in Root Zone and Leaves of Cucumber Under Organic Substrate Planting Board Cultivation in Solar Greenhouse

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0728

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2): 439-452.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0728

• Cultivation·Physiology & Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

Analysis of the Decomposition of Organic Materials and Nutrients Contents in Root Zone and Leaves of Cucumber Under Organic Substrate Planting Board Cultivation in Solar Greenhouse

MAO Xin¹, YUAN Wenfei¹, GUO Yurun¹, XU Xinxin¹, LI Yi¹, ZHANG Yi¹, MIAO Yanxiu¹, BAI Longqiang¹^,^**(), LI Yansu²^,^**()

¹ College of Horticulture，Shanxi Agricultural University，Taigu，Shanxi 030801，China
² State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding，Institute of Vegetables and Flowers，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China

Received:2024-09-18 Revised:2024-12-03 Online:2025-02-25 Published:2025-02-23
Contact: BAI Longqiang, LI Yansu

Abstract

Abstract:

Organic substrate planting board cultivation is suitable for automated organic fertilizer application in solar greenhouse. In order to investigate the effects of organic substrate planting board cultivation on the decomposition characteristics and nutrient releasing patterns of organic materials，and nutrient absorption and growth of crop，‘Zhongnong 46’cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.）was used as the experimental material，and conducted field experiment with organic substrate planting board cultivation and conventional soil cultivation．The results showed that the decomposition rate of organic materials was faster in the first 30 days under organic substrate planting board cultivation and in the first 60 days under conventional soil cultivation，then slowed down until the end of the experiment under both treatments in autumn-winter season in 2021. The decomposition rate of organic substrate planting board cultivation was 3.7 percentage points higher than that of conventional soil cultivation at 30th day，however，7.8 percentage points lower at 120th day. The total N content of organic materials declined rapidly, while total P and K varied little during the experiment. The contents of alkaline N at 0-5 cm layers and the contents of available P and K at 0-5 and 5-15 cm layer under organic substrate planting board cultivation treatment were higher than that of conventional soil cultivation in autumn-winter season in 2021. Besides, the coefficients of variation of nutrients in the root zone of organic substrate planting board cultivation were greater than that of conventional soil cultivation in 2021. In 2023，the variation tendencies of alkaline N contents in the root zone were same as that in 2021，while there was no difference between two treatments in the contents and coefficients of variation of available P. The contents of N，P and K in cucumber leaves of organic substrate planting board cultivation treatment were equal to or greater than that of conventional soil cultivation in 2021，however，K content was 9.6% lower at 120th day in 2023. Meanwhile，the net photosynthetic rate（P_n），dry weights of above ground of organic substrate planting board cultivation treatment were significantly higher than that of conventional soil cultivation in 2021 and 2023. The yields of organic substrate planting board cultivation treatment did not differ from that of conventional soil cultivation in 2021，and was 10.9% higher in 2023. It is concluded that，the organic substrate planting board cultivation can retard the decomposition of organic material，however cucumber absorbed more nutrients due to the superiority of concentrated distribution in the root zone.

Key words: cucumber, organic fertilizer, automatic operation, organic substrate planting board, decomposition, nutrients, photosynthesis, yield

MAO Xin, YUAN Wenfei, GUO Yurun, XU Xinxin, LI Yi, ZHANG Yi, MIAO Yanxiu, BAI Longqiang, LI Yansu. Analysis of the Decomposition of Organic Materials and Nutrients Contents in Root Zone and Leaves of Cucumber Under Organic Substrate Planting Board Cultivation in Solar Greenhouse[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(2): 439-452.

Figures/Tables 15

Table 1 Physical and chemical characteristics of soil and organic waste substrates

试验材料 Material	容重/（g · cm^-3） Bulk density	全氮含量/（g · kg^-1） Total N content	全磷含量/（g · kg^-1） Total P content	全钾/（g · kg^-1） Total K content
土壤 Soil	1.19	1.40	0.74	8.25
玉米秸秆 Maize straw	0.19	18.06	1.69	20.00
羊粪 Sheep manure	0.39	28.95	5.33	13.81
育苗基质 Seedling medium	0.29	4.93	0.95	0.59

Fig. 1 Sketch map of organic substrate planting board（OSP）and conventional soil（S）cultivation of cucumber in solar greenhouse

Fig. 2 Cumulative decomposition rates of organic materials under organic substrate planting board（OSP）and conventional soil（S）cultivation of cucumber in solar greenhouse t-Test. * indicates significant difference（P < 0.05）between two treatments on the same day. The same below

Fig. 3 Changes of nutrients contents in the organic materials under organic substrate planting board（OSP）and conventional soil（S）cultivation of cucumber in solar greenhouse

Fig. 4 The contents of alkaline N in root zone of organic substrate planting board（OSP）and conventional soil（S）cultivation of cucumber in solar greenhouse in 2021 Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by LSD method test for multiple comparisons. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at 0.05 level. The same below

Fig. 5 The contents of alkaline N in root zone of organic substrate planting board（OSP）and conventional soil（S）cultivation of cucumber in solar greenhouse in 2023

Fig. 6 The contents of available P in root zone of organic substrate planting board（OSP）and conventional soil（S） cultivation of cucumber in solar greenhouse in 2021

Fig. 7 The contents of available P in root zone of organic substrate planting board（OSP）and conventional soil（S） cultivation of cucumber in solar greenhouse in 2023

Fig. 8 The contents of available K in root zone of organic substrate planting board（OSP）and conventional soil（S） cultivation of cucumber in solar greenhouse in 2021

Fig. 9 The contents of available K in root zone of organic substrate planting board（OSP）and conventional soil（S） cultivation of cucumber in solar greenhouse in 2023

Fig. 10 Analysis of coefficient of varation（CV）of nutrients in 0-35 cm layer in the root zone of organic substrate planting board（OSP）and conventional soil（S）cultivation of cucumber in solar greenhouse in 2021

Fig. 11 Analysis of coefficient of varation（CV）of nutrients in 0-35 cm layer in the root zone of organic substrate planting board（OSP）and conventional soil（S）cultivation of cucumber in solar greenhouse in 2023

Fig. 12 The elements content in cucumber leaves of organic substrate planting board（OSP）and conventional soil（S） cultivation in solar greenhouse in 2021

Fig. 13 The elements content in cucumber leaves of organic substrate planting board（OSP）and conventional soil（S） cultivation in solar greenhouse in 2023

Table 2 The effects of organic substrate planting board（OSP）cultivation and conventional soil（S）cultivation on the photosynthetic rate，biomass and yield of cucumber

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	净光合速率/（μmol · m^-2· s^-1） P_n			干物质量/（g · plant^-1）Dry weight			产量/（kg · m^-2） Yield
年份 Year	处理 Treatment	30 d	60 d	90 d	叶 Leaf	茎 Stem	地上部 Above ground part	产量/（kg · m^-2） Yield
2021	常规撒施深翻 S	14.98 ± 2.58	10.20 ± 1.41	11.23 ± 1.75	28.84 ± 4.69	6.90 ± 0.65	35.19 ± 8.10	4.56 ± 0.73
2021	有机物料种植板 OSP	17.92 ± 1.73^*	15.80 ± 1.71^*	13.36 ± 3.36^*	38.16 ± 6.18^*	8.31 ± 0.92^*	46.34 ± 7.25^*	4.43 ± 0.18
2023	常规撒施深翻 S	15.01 ± 2.66	14.70 ± 2.11	12.72 ± 0.56	32.05 ± 5.54	14.24 ± 1.24	46.15 ± 6.77	5.69 ± 0.28
2023	有机物料种植板 OSP	16.70 ± 1.07	16.47 ± 1.26^*	14.60 ± 0.42^*	37.04 ± 2.39	14.44 ± 1.03	51.66 ± 2.24	6.31 ± 0.15^*

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Analysis of the Decomposition of Organic Materials and Nutrients Contents in Root Zone and Leaves of Cucumber Under Organic Substrate Planting Board Cultivation in Solar Greenhouse

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