The Effect of Reducing Soil Temperature with Straw Mulching Cultivation on Potato Growth

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0254

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2): 453-466.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0254

• Cultivation·Physiology & Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

The Effect of Reducing Soil Temperature with Straw Mulching Cultivation on Potato Growth

ZHOU Jinhua¹^,², BAI Lei¹, ZHANG Rui¹, GUO Huachun¹^,^*()

¹ Tuber and Root Crop Research Institute，College of Agronomy and Biotechnology，Yunnan Agricultural University，Kunming 650500，China
² Industrial Crop Research Institute，Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Kunming 650205，China

Received:2024-09-03 Revised:2024-11-09 Online:2025-02-25 Published:2025-02-23
Contact: GUO Huachun

Abstract

Abstract:

The experiment investigated the effects of rice straw mulching on potato growth used the main potato cultivar‘Qingshu 9’as the material. Under the conditions of potato mono-cropping in the spring and summer seasons and potato-corn intercropping，treatments with straw mulching and without straw mulching were established. And the soil temperature，potato tuber yield，quality，canopy temperature，growth stage and aboveground growth conditions were measured. The results showed that in the summer of 2020，the maximum soil temperature under straw mulching treatment（23.81 ℃）was significantly lower than under no straw mulching（30.44 ℃），with the yield and commercial tuber rate also significantly higher than no straw mulching，although there were no significant effects on tuber dry matter and starch content. The results from the potato mono-cropping in the summer seasons of 2021 were similar to 2020，and the straw mulching treatment delayed the number of days from sowing to emergence and from sowing to maturity by 5 and 6 days，respectively，compared with no straw mulching，but no significant difference in the survival time of the aboveground parts and smaller diurnal variations in soil temperature. When potato-corn intercropping，the shading by tall corn did not effectively reduce the canopy air temperature and maximum soil temperature of potatoes，and also resulted in lower yields，commercial tuber rates，and aboveground survival times compared with mono-cropping. The spring and summer mono-cropping trials of 2022 showed similar results to 2021，further indicating that straw mulching treatment did not significantly affect emergence rate，plant morphological characteristics，biomass，dry matter content of various organs，and leaf gas exchange parameters compared with no straw mulching. In summary，straw mulching cultivation is an effective method to mitigate high temperature stress in field-grown potatoes.

Key words: potato, growth, straw mulching, soil temperature, daily variation of soil temperature

ZHOU Jinhua, BAI Lei, ZHANG Rui, GUO Huachun. The Effect of Reducing Soil Temperature with Straw Mulching Cultivation on Potato Growth[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2025, 52(2): 453-466.

Figures/Tables 7

References 45

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试验时间 Experiment time	栽培方式 Cultivation method	单株产量/kg Yield per plant	产量/（kg • hm^-2） Yield	商品薯率/% Marketable tuber weight percentage
2020夏Summer	秸秆覆盖Straw mulching（SM）	0.43 ± 0.04 a	20 698 ± 2 128 a	78.47 ± 4.60 a
2020夏Summer	无秸秆覆盖No straw mulching（NSM）	0.15 ± 0.01 b	6 311 ± 587 b	45.76 ± 10.63 b
2021夏Summer	秸秆覆盖Straw mulching	0.43 ± 0.07 a	17 689 ± 5 308 a	85.87 ± 0.80 a
	无秸秆覆盖No straw mulching	0.26 ± 0.02 b	10 169 ± 1 087 ab	79.79 ± 1.78 ab
	间作秸秆覆盖Intercropping & SM	0.14 ± 0.02 c	6 566 ± 821 b	58.99 ± 13.26 bc
	间作无秸秆覆盖Intercropping & NSM	0.12 ± 0.02 c	4 444 ± 765 b	54.18 ± 15.28 c
2022春Spring	秸秆覆盖Straw mulching	1.03 ± 0.17 a	45 851 ± 11 311 a	88.94 ± 3.68 a
2022春Spring	无秸秆覆盖No straw mulching	0.83 ± 0.10 b	39 672 ± 5 705 a	88.87 ± 3.82 a
2022夏Summer	秸秆覆盖Straw mulching	0.54 ± 0.08 a	22 321 ± 5 932 a	85.60 ± 2.66 a
2022夏Summer	无秸秆覆盖No straw mulching	0.40 ± 0.04 b	18 963 ± 2 498 a	77.64 ± 7.38 a

试验时间 Experiment time	栽培方式 Cultivation method	单株产量/kg Yield per plant	产量/（kg • hm^-2） Yield	商品薯率/% Marketable tuber weight percentage
2020夏Summer	秸秆覆盖Straw mulching（SM）	0.43 ± 0.04 a	20 698 ± 2 128 a	78.47 ± 4.60 a
2020夏Summer	无秸秆覆盖No straw mulching（NSM）	0.15 ± 0.01 b	6 311 ± 587 b	45.76 ± 10.63 b
2021夏Summer	秸秆覆盖Straw mulching	0.43 ± 0.07 a	17 689 ± 5 308 a	85.87 ± 0.80 a
	无秸秆覆盖No straw mulching	0.26 ± 0.02 b	10 169 ± 1 087 ab	79.79 ± 1.78 ab
	间作秸秆覆盖Intercropping & SM	0.14 ± 0.02 c	6 566 ± 821 b	58.99 ± 13.26 bc
	间作无秸秆覆盖Intercropping & NSM	0.12 ± 0.02 c	4 444 ± 765 b	54.18 ± 15.28 c
2022春Spring	秸秆覆盖Straw mulching	1.03 ± 0.17 a	45 851 ± 11 311 a	88.94 ± 3.68 a
2022春Spring	无秸秆覆盖No straw mulching	0.83 ± 0.10 b	39 672 ± 5 705 a	88.87 ± 3.82 a
2022夏Summer	秸秆覆盖Straw mulching	0.54 ± 0.08 a	22 321 ± 5 932 a	85.60 ± 2.66 a
2022夏Summer	无秸秆覆盖No straw mulching	0.40 ± 0.04 b	18 963 ± 2 498 a	77.64 ± 7.38 a

试验时间 Experiment time	栽培方式 Cultivation method	土壤温度Soil temperature			冠层气温Canopy air temperature
试验时间 Experiment time	栽培方式 Cultivation method	最高值 Maximum	平均值 Average	最低值 Minimum	最高值 Maximum	平均值 Average	最低值 Minimum
2020夏 Summer	秸秆覆盖 Straw mulching（SM）	23.81 ± 0.24 b	20.54 ± 0.87 a	18.87 ± 0.14 a	33.85 ± 0.97 a	21.32 ± 4.45 a	14.47 ± 0.06 a
2020夏 Summer	无秸秆覆盖 No straw mulching（NSM）	30.44 ± 1.37 a	22.01 ± 2.90 a	16.66 ± 1.10 a	34.24 ± 1.20 a	21.15 ± 4.04 a	14.48 ± 0.05 a
2021夏 Summer	秸秆覆盖 Straw mulching	23.80 ± 0.53 b	20.10 ± 1.10 a	17.35 ± 0.09 a	38.82 ± 2.42 a	20.95 ± 4.98 a	10.84 ± 0.07 a
	无秸秆覆盖 No straw mulching	32.64 ± 1.31 a	21.36 ± 2.46 a	17.34 ± 0.19 a	39.13 ± 1.64 a	21.03 ± 4.32 a	10.99 ± 0.09 a
	间作秸秆覆盖 Intercropping & SM	22.78 ± 1.31 b	20.35 ± 0.83 a	17.23 ± 0.24 a	39.25 ± 1.82 a	20.63 ± 4.63 a	11.96 ± 0.29 a
	间作无秸秆覆盖 Intercropping & NSM	32.71 ± 0.73 a	21.21 ± 2.46 a	17.44 ± 0.04 a	38.91 ± 2.21 a	20.71 ± 4.45 a	12.52 ± 0.35 a
2022春 Spring	秸秆覆盖 Straw mulching	23.51 ± 0.63 a	18.04 ± 2.28 a	12.72 ± 0.26 a	35.04 ± 1.34 a	19.15 ± 5.76 a	4.08 ± 0.02 a
2022春 Spring	无秸秆覆盖 No straw mulching	24.17 ± 0.37 a	18.41 ± 2.05 a	12.40 ± 0.58 a	35.92 ± 0.75 a	19.22 ± 5.81 a	4.20 ± 0.04 a
2022夏 Summer	秸秆覆盖 Straw mulching	24.70 ± 0.13 b	20.28 ± 1.17 a	17.70 ± 0.02 a	35.65 ± 0.64 a	20.45 ± 4.84 a	10.55 ± 0.06 a
2022夏 Summer	无秸秆覆盖 No straw mulching	29.84 ± 1.26 a	20.74 ± 2.10 a	16.63 ± 0.08 a	36.44 ± 1.02 a	20.36 ± 4.75 a	10.60 ± 0.02 a

试验时间 Experiment time	栽培方式 Cultivation method	土壤温度Soil temperature			冠层气温Canopy air temperature
试验时间 Experiment time	栽培方式 Cultivation method	最高值 Maximum	平均值 Average	最低值 Minimum	最高值 Maximum	平均值 Average	最低值 Minimum
2020夏 Summer	秸秆覆盖 Straw mulching（SM）	23.81 ± 0.24 b	20.54 ± 0.87 a	18.87 ± 0.14 a	33.85 ± 0.97 a	21.32 ± 4.45 a	14.47 ± 0.06 a
2020夏 Summer	无秸秆覆盖 No straw mulching（NSM）	30.44 ± 1.37 a	22.01 ± 2.90 a	16.66 ± 1.10 a	34.24 ± 1.20 a	21.15 ± 4.04 a	14.48 ± 0.05 a
2021夏 Summer	秸秆覆盖 Straw mulching	23.80 ± 0.53 b	20.10 ± 1.10 a	17.35 ± 0.09 a	38.82 ± 2.42 a	20.95 ± 4.98 a	10.84 ± 0.07 a
	无秸秆覆盖 No straw mulching	32.64 ± 1.31 a	21.36 ± 2.46 a	17.34 ± 0.19 a	39.13 ± 1.64 a	21.03 ± 4.32 a	10.99 ± 0.09 a
	间作秸秆覆盖 Intercropping & SM	22.78 ± 1.31 b	20.35 ± 0.83 a	17.23 ± 0.24 a	39.25 ± 1.82 a	20.63 ± 4.63 a	11.96 ± 0.29 a
	间作无秸秆覆盖 Intercropping & NSM	32.71 ± 0.73 a	21.21 ± 2.46 a	17.44 ± 0.04 a	38.91 ± 2.21 a	20.71 ± 4.45 a	12.52 ± 0.35 a
2022春 Spring	秸秆覆盖 Straw mulching	23.51 ± 0.63 a	18.04 ± 2.28 a	12.72 ± 0.26 a	35.04 ± 1.34 a	19.15 ± 5.76 a	4.08 ± 0.02 a
2022春 Spring	无秸秆覆盖 No straw mulching	24.17 ± 0.37 a	18.41 ± 2.05 a	12.40 ± 0.58 a	35.92 ± 0.75 a	19.22 ± 5.81 a	4.20 ± 0.04 a
2022夏 Summer	秸秆覆盖 Straw mulching	24.70 ± 0.13 b	20.28 ± 1.17 a	17.70 ± 0.02 a	35.65 ± 0.64 a	20.45 ± 4.84 a	10.55 ± 0.06 a
2022夏 Summer	无秸秆覆盖 No straw mulching	29.84 ± 1.26 a	20.74 ± 2.10 a	16.63 ± 0.08 a	36.44 ± 1.02 a	20.36 ± 4.75 a	10.60 ± 0.02 a

测定指标 Measurement parameter	春作 Spring planting		夏作 Summer planting
测定指标 Measurement parameter	秸秆覆盖 Straw mulching	无秸秆覆盖 No straw mulching	秸秆覆盖 Straw mulching	无秸秆覆盖 No straw mulching
出苗率/% Emergence rate	91.67 ± 10.91	97.80 ± 5.38	97.71 ± 3.62	98.81 ± 2.92
株高/cm Plant height	86.37 ± 11.87	90.35 ± 4.73	82.67 ± 6.47	85.10 ± 5.20
茎粗/mm Stem diameter	9.77 ± 0.88	9.41 ± 1.01	8.97 ± 0.43	8.29 ± 0.61
节数 Number of pitch	19.36 ± 1.87	19.30 ± 1.10	19.10 ± 1.14	18.40 ± 0.92
节间长/cm Internode length	4.47 ± 0.51	4.69 ± 0.32	4.34 ± 0.35	4.64 ± 0.41
主茎数 Number of main stems	1.64 ± 0.48	2.50 ± 0.96	3.00 ± 0.63	4.00 ± 1.18
叶面积/cm² Blade area	33.41 ± 4.56	27.63 ± 2.70	28.39 ± 4.11	30.04 ± 3.36
单株生物量（干）/g Biomass per plant（DW）	79.86 ± 16.61	86.11 ± 14.76	58.41 ± 9.90	57.49 ± 18.37
整株干物质含量/% Dry matter content of the whole plant	8.69 ± 1.00	10.02 ± 0.46	8.31 ± 1.27	8.34 ± 0.38
净光合速率/（μmol ∙ m^-2 ∙ s^-1）P_n	25.70 ± 1.59	24.08 ± 2.20	26.43 ± 1.85	25.77 ± 2.69
干物质含量/% Dry matter content	19.77 ± 0.40	19.78 ± 0.75	19.39 ± 0.21	18.81 ± 0.76
淀粉含量/% Starch content	13.20 ± 0.39	13.23 ± 1.19	14.20 ± 0.11	13.95 ± 1.10

The Effect of Reducing Soil Temperature with Straw Mulching Cultivation on Potato Growth

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试验时间 Experiment time	栽培方式 Cultivation method	播种至各发育阶段的天数The days from sowing to each development stage
试验时间 Experiment time	栽培方式 Cultivation method	出苗 Emergence	封行 Crop closure	现蕾 Squaring	成熟 Maturation	地上部存活时间 Above-ground survival time
2021夏 Summer	秸秆覆盖Straw mulching（SM）	25	36	51	99	74
	无秸秆覆盖No straw mulching（NSM）	19	36	51	94	75
	间作秸秆覆盖Intercropping & SM	25	36	51	83	58
	间作无秸秆覆盖Intercropping & NSM	19	36	51	75	56
2022春 Spring	秸秆覆盖Straw mulching	35	51	56	130	95
2022春 Spring	无秸秆覆盖No straw mulching	28	51	56	121	93
2022夏 Summer	秸秆覆盖Straw mulching	22	36	48	96	74
2022夏 Summer	无秸秆覆盖No straw mulching	18	36	48	89	71

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