Abstract: The genetic diversity of Rosa beggeriana in Eastern Tianshan mountains of Xinjiang were analyzed based on AFLP markers. There were 191 loci with 47 polymorphic loci among 5 populations of R. beggeriana amplified by 8 pairs of AFLP markers. The average percentage of polymorphic loci（PPL），Nei’s gene diversity（h）and Shannon information index（I）among the populations were 22.72%，0.0904 and 0.1319，respectively，reflecting a quite abundant genetic diversity among the populations. The gene differentitation（Gst）and estimate of gene flow（Nm）were 0.1333 and 3.2513，respectively，indicating the genetic variation mostly existed within the populations due to the frequent gene flow among the populations. The genetic similarity and cluster analysis further showed that five populations were of high genetic identity and close relationship，which were classified mainly according to the geographic distances.Moreover，the genetic diversity of R. beggeriana did not much influence by the environment，and exhibited a lower genetic diversity level when compared with other wild rose species.

Key words: Rosa beggeriana, population, genetic diversity, AFLP, Xinjiang