Effects of Different Regulated Deficit Irrigation Treatments on Growth and Fruit Quality of‘Ruidu Kemei’Grape

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-1318

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (7): 2144-2168.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-1318

• Cultivation · Physiology & Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of Different Regulated Deficit Irrigation Treatments on Growth and Fruit Quality of‘Ruidu Kemei’Grape

WANG Xiaoyue¹, REN Jiancheng¹, ZHANG Congying², LIU Zhenhua¹, LU Haocheng¹, YAN Ailing¹, ZHANG Lixia¹, WANG Huiling¹^,^*(), SUN Lei¹^,^*()

¹ Institute of Forestry and Pomology， Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences;Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees;Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops（North China），Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture（North China），Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs， Beijing 100093， China
² Liupanshui Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau of Guizhou Province， Liupanshui， Guizhou 553000， China

Received:2026-03-05 Revised:2026-06-12 Online:2026-07-25 Published:2026-07-23
Contact: WANG Huiling, SUN Lei

Abstract

Abstract:

The Muscat-flavored table grape cultivar‘Ruidu Kemei’was used as the experimental material. Plants were grown in a plastic greenhouse with drip irrigation. Three irrigation levels were applied at the fruit set and veraison stages：full irrigation（65%-75% of field capacity，FC），mild water deficit（50%-60% FC），and moderate water deficit（35%-45% FC），resulting in a total of nine treatments. The effects of regulated deficit irrigation（RDI）on photosynthetic characteristics，shoot growth，fruit physicochemical quality，and the composition and content of monoterpenes were systematically measured. Principal component analysis（PCA）was used for comprehensive evaluation. The results indicated that water deficit applied at fruit set effectively suppressed excessive shoot growth while maintaining a stable net photosynthetic rate，but it reduced single berry weight. Veraison was identified as a critical stage for enhancing berry flavor and aroma accumulation. Moderate water deficit during this stage significantly increased the total soluble solids to titratable acidity ratio and promoted the accumulation of monoterpene compounds. Cluster analysis and variable importance in projection（VIP）analysis showed that deficit irrigation over two years notably enhanced monoterpene accumulation，with β-myrcene，cis-rose oxide and geraniol being the key signature monoterpene components in response to water deficit. The OAV analysis indicated that cis-rose oxide，linalool，and geraniol were the main contributing compounds to the characteristic aroma of the fruit. Based on the two-year PCA evaluation，full irrigation at fruit set followed by mild deficit irrigation at veraison achieved the best overall performance. This irrigation strategy synergistically optimizes growth regulation and fruit quality improvement，providing a feasible approach for water-saving and high-efficiency cultivation of Muscat-flavored table grapes.

Key words: grapevine, regulated deficit irrigation, muscat flavor, monoterpene, fruit quality, photosynthetic characteristic

WANG Xiaoyue, REN Jiancheng, ZHANG Congying, LIU Zhenhua, LU Haocheng, YAN Ailing, ZHANG Lixia, WANG Huiling, SUN Lei. Effects of Different Regulated Deficit Irrigation Treatments on Growth and Fruit Quality of‘Ruidu Kemei’Grape[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(7): 2144-2168.

Figures/Tables 14

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处理 Treatment	田间持水量/% Field capacity
处理 Treatment	初花期 Flowering begins	坐果期 Fruit set	转色期 Veraison
T1	65 ~ 75	35 ~ 45	35 ~ 45
T2	65 ~ 75	35 ~ 45	50 ~ 60
T3	65 ~ 75	35 ~ 45	65 ~ 75
T4	65 ~ 75	50 ~ 60	35 ~ 45
T5	65 ~ 75	50 ~ 60	50 ~ 60
T6	65 ~ 75	50 ~ 60	65 ~ 75
T7	65 ~ 75	65 ~ 75	35 ~ 45
T8	65 ~ 75	65 ~ 75	50 ~ 60
T9（对照Control）	65 ~ 75	65 ~ 75	65 ~ 75

处理 Treatment	田间持水量/% Field capacity
处理 Treatment	初花期 Flowering begins	坐果期 Fruit set	转色期 Veraison
T1	65 ~ 75	35 ~ 45	35 ~ 45
T2	65 ~ 75	35 ~ 45	50 ~ 60
T3	65 ~ 75	35 ~ 45	65 ~ 75
T4	65 ~ 75	50 ~ 60	35 ~ 45
T5	65 ~ 75	50 ~ 60	50 ~ 60
T6	65 ~ 75	50 ~ 60	65 ~ 75
T7	65 ~ 75	65 ~ 75	35 ~ 45
T8	65 ~ 75	65 ~ 75	50 ~ 60
T9（对照Control）	65 ~ 75	65 ~ 75	65 ~ 75

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	果穗质量/g Cluster weight	单粒质量/g Single berry weight	横径/cm Berry width	纵径/cm Berry Length	果形指数 Shape index of fruit
2023	T1	269.0 ± 37.6 ab	4.9 ± 0.2 ab	1.87 ± 0.04 ab	2.35 ± 0.03 ab	1.26 ± 0.01 ab
	T2	248.4 ± 21.4 ab	4.1 ± 0.0 b	1.79 ± 0.01 b	2.24 ± 0.01 bc	1.26 ± 0.01 ab
	T3	255.7 ± 27.6 ab	4.3 ± 0.1 ab	1.80 ± 0.04 ab	2.20 ± 0.03 c	1.22 ± 0.04 ab
	T4	213.4 ± 23.3 b	4.0 ± 0.2 c	1.75 ± 0.04 c	2.23 ± 0.02 bc	1.28 ± 0.02 ab
	T5	267.2 ± 13.5 ab	4.3 ± 0.5 ab	1.85 ± 0.02 ab	2.35 ± 0.08 ab	1.27 ± 0.03 ab
	T6	268.7 ± 21.1 ab	5.0 ± 0.0 ab	1.92 ± 0.05 a	2.53 ± 0.08 a	1.32 ± 0.02 a
	T7	354.4 ± 35.3 a	5.3 ± 0.1 a	1.93 ± 0.01 a	2.46 ± 0.03 ab	1.28 ± 0.01 ab
	T8	315.4 ± 18.4 ab	5.2 ± 0.1 ab	1.91 ± 0.02 ab	2.32 ± 0.03 b	1.22 ± 0.00 b
	T9	296.5 ± 27.3 ab	5.0 ± 0.3 ab	1.89 ± 0.02 ab	2.43 ± 0.06 ab	1.29 ± 0.02 ab
2024	T1	347.4 ± 52.5 a	5.5 ± 0.1 ab	2.10 ± 0.02 a	2.60 ± 0.04 a	1.24 ± 0.02 b
	T2	231.9 ± 12.3 a	4.6 ± 0.1 b	1.87 ± 0.01 c	2.30 ± 0.02 b	1.23 ± 0.02 b
	T3	287.7 ± 19.1 a	5.3 ± 0.2 ab	1.91 ± 0.03 bc	2.44 ± 0.05 ab	1.28 ± 0.03 ab
	T4	247.9 ± 25.2 a	4.5 ± 0.0 b	1.79 ± 0.04 c	2.36 ± 0.04 b	1.32 ± 0.02 a
	T5	288.6 ± 27.8 a	4.8 ± 0.1 b	1.82 ± 0.03 c	2.32 ± 0.02 b	1.27 ± 0.01 ab
	T6	260.7 ± 16.1 a	5.4 ± 0.1 ab	1.87 ± 0.02 c	2.38 ± 0.01 b	1.27 ± 0.00 ab
	T7	295.8 ± 17.6 a	5.6 ± 0.3 a	1.96 ± 0.01 b	2.55 ± 0.05 a	1.30 ± 0.03 a
	T8	282.5 ± 20.9 a	5.3 ± 0.2 ab	1.92 ± 0.02 bc	2.49 ± 0.03 a	1.30 ± 0.02 a
	T9	275.7 ± 18.7 a	5.9 ± 0.2 a	1.91 ± 0.01 bc	2.50 ± 0.03 a	1.31 ± 0.03 a

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	果穗质量/g Cluster weight	单粒质量/g Single berry weight	横径/cm Berry width	纵径/cm Berry Length	果形指数 Shape index of fruit
2023	T1	269.0 ± 37.6 ab	4.9 ± 0.2 ab	1.87 ± 0.04 ab	2.35 ± 0.03 ab	1.26 ± 0.01 ab
	T2	248.4 ± 21.4 ab	4.1 ± 0.0 b	1.79 ± 0.01 b	2.24 ± 0.01 bc	1.26 ± 0.01 ab
	T3	255.7 ± 27.6 ab	4.3 ± 0.1 ab	1.80 ± 0.04 ab	2.20 ± 0.03 c	1.22 ± 0.04 ab
	T4	213.4 ± 23.3 b	4.0 ± 0.2 c	1.75 ± 0.04 c	2.23 ± 0.02 bc	1.28 ± 0.02 ab
	T5	267.2 ± 13.5 ab	4.3 ± 0.5 ab	1.85 ± 0.02 ab	2.35 ± 0.08 ab	1.27 ± 0.03 ab
	T6	268.7 ± 21.1 ab	5.0 ± 0.0 ab	1.92 ± 0.05 a	2.53 ± 0.08 a	1.32 ± 0.02 a
	T7	354.4 ± 35.3 a	5.3 ± 0.1 a	1.93 ± 0.01 a	2.46 ± 0.03 ab	1.28 ± 0.01 ab
	T8	315.4 ± 18.4 ab	5.2 ± 0.1 ab	1.91 ± 0.02 ab	2.32 ± 0.03 b	1.22 ± 0.00 b
	T9	296.5 ± 27.3 ab	5.0 ± 0.3 ab	1.89 ± 0.02 ab	2.43 ± 0.06 ab	1.29 ± 0.02 ab
2024	T1	347.4 ± 52.5 a	5.5 ± 0.1 ab	2.10 ± 0.02 a	2.60 ± 0.04 a	1.24 ± 0.02 b
	T2	231.9 ± 12.3 a	4.6 ± 0.1 b	1.87 ± 0.01 c	2.30 ± 0.02 b	1.23 ± 0.02 b
	T3	287.7 ± 19.1 a	5.3 ± 0.2 ab	1.91 ± 0.03 bc	2.44 ± 0.05 ab	1.28 ± 0.03 ab
	T4	247.9 ± 25.2 a	4.5 ± 0.0 b	1.79 ± 0.04 c	2.36 ± 0.04 b	1.32 ± 0.02 a
	T5	288.6 ± 27.8 a	4.8 ± 0.1 b	1.82 ± 0.03 c	2.32 ± 0.02 b	1.27 ± 0.01 ab
	T6	260.7 ± 16.1 a	5.4 ± 0.1 ab	1.87 ± 0.02 c	2.38 ± 0.01 b	1.27 ± 0.00 ab
	T7	295.8 ± 17.6 a	5.6 ± 0.3 a	1.96 ± 0.01 b	2.55 ± 0.05 a	1.30 ± 0.03 a
	T8	282.5 ± 20.9 a	5.3 ± 0.2 ab	1.92 ± 0.02 bc	2.49 ± 0.03 a	1.30 ± 0.02 a
	T9	275.7 ± 18.7 a	5.9 ± 0.2 a	1.91 ± 0.01 bc	2.50 ± 0.03 a	1.31 ± 0.03 a

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	可溶性固形物/% Total soluble solids	可滴定酸（g · L^-1） Titratable acidity	固酸比 Solid acid ratio
2023	T1	16.29 ± 0.39 ab	3.16 ± 0.20 b	53.35 ± 4.33 ab
	T2	15.65 ± 0.20 ab	3.16 ± 0.34 b	54.21 ± 6.24 ab
	T3	15.26 ± 0.47 c	3.62 ± 0.59 b	51.81 ± 8.43 ab
	T4	16.50 ± 0.09 ab	2.43 ± 0.14 b	69.43 ± 3.99 a
	T5	15.68 ± 0.19 ab	2.63 ± 0.17 b	61.56 ± 4.29 a
	T6	15.43 ± 0.32 b	2.96 ± 0.15 b	52.87 ± 2.38 ab
	T7	16.73 ± 0.26 a	3.41 ± 0.23 b	50.33 ± 2.87 ab
	T8	16.63 ± 0.18 a	3.37 ± 0.24 b	51.31 ± 3.95 ab
	T9	16.13 ± 0.18 ab	4.47 ± 0.25 a	36.83 ± 2.03 b
2024	T1	16.46 ± 0.57 a	4.46 ± 0.30 ab	37.20 ± 1.30 b
	T2	16.60 ± 0.61 a	3.92 ± 0.03 ab	42.77 ± 1.75 ab
	T3	16.88 ± 0.25 a	5.06 ± 0.62 a	34.66 ± 4.05 b
	T4	16.50 ± 0.39 a	4.48 ± 0.34 ab	37.35 ± 3.25 b
	T5	17.90 ± 0.30 a	3.57 ± 0.10 b	49.96 ± 2.32 a
	T6	17.32 ± 0.19 a	4.27 ± 0.09 ab	40.74 ± 1.04 ab
	T7	17.34 ± 0.19 a	3.99 ± 0.04 ab	43.39 ± 0.63 ab
	T8	17.82 ± 0.19 a	4.07 ± 0.26 ab	44.61 ± 3.34 ab
	T9	16.50 ± 0.07 a	4.65 ± 0.23 ab	35.87 ± 1.91 b

Effects of Different Regulated Deficit Irrigation Treatments on Growth and Fruit Quality of‘Ruidu Kemei’Grape

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编号 Number	化合物 Compound	T1	T2	T3	T4	T5	T6	T7	T8	T9
M1	β-月桂烯 β-Myrcene	230.9 ± 4.0 b	250.1 ± 19.9 b	243.8 ± 10.8 b	157.7 ± 10.4 c	200.7 ± 16.2 bc	268.7 ± 22.6 b	331.7 ± 30.3 a	350.5 ± 7.9 a	221.8 ± 22.8 bc
M2	柠檬烯 Limonene	32.7 ± 1.1 bc	35.9 ± 3.2 b	39.6 ± 1.7 b	23.4 ± 1.3 c	30.2 ± 3.1 bc	38.3 ± 3.1 b	51.1 ± 5.8 a	53.8 ± 1.0 a	28.1 ± 2.4 bc
M3	水芹烯 Phellandrene	30.2 ± 0.7 bc	32.7 ± 1.8 b	32.8 ± 0.9 b	24.2 ± 1.2 c	28.0 ± 2.1 bc	34.2 ± 1.8 b	41.1 ± 3.5 a	43.1 ± 0.2 a	28.7 ± 1.4 bc
M4	β-反式-罗勒烯 β-trans-Ocimene	107.5 ± 5.1 bc	114.7 ± 9.7 b	118.1 ± 2.0 b	67.4 ± 4.8 c	100.1 ± 13 bc	126.8 ± 11.6 b	168.2 ± 21.3 a	170.9 ± 2.8 a	90.0 ± 8.1 bc
M5	γ-松油烯 γ-Terpinen	10.3 ± 0.7 ab	10.1 ± 0.4 ab	10.6 ± 0.3 ab	8.4 ± 0.3 b	10.9 ± 1.5 ab	10.4 ± 0.5 ab	12.5 ± 1.0 ab	14.0 ± 1.6 a	9.5 ± 0.4 b
M6	β-顺式-罗勒烯 β-cis-Ocimene	156.1 ± 4.3 c	173.4 ± 15.3 c	186.0 ± 5.7 bc	99.2 ± 8.8 d	148.3 ± 19.2 c	187.9 ± 18.4 b	229.9 ± 17.1 ab	261.9 ± 7.6 a	134.4 ± 11.9 cd
M7	异松油烯 Terpinolen	100.0 ± 1.4 c	103.0 ± 5.1 c	120.7 ± 2.2 b	88.7 ± 2.2 c	98.0 ± 3.1 c	102.5 ± 4.6 c	131.7 ± 8.4 ab	139.5 ± 2.7 a	91.2 ± 2.2 c
M8	顺式-氧化玫瑰 cis-Rose oxide	11.0 ± 0.0 bc	11.2 ± 0.0 bc	11.0 ± 0.0 bc	10.7 ± 0.0 c	11.2 ± 0.1 b	11.3 ± 0.2 b	11.8 ± 0.2 a	11.7 ± 0.1 a	11.1 ± 0.0 bc
M9	反式-氧化玫瑰 trans-Rose oxide	ND	ND	1.5	ND	ND	ND	1.9	ND	ND
M10	别罗勒烯 Allo-ocimene	27.8 ± 0.4 bc	30.1 ± 2.2 bc	33.6 ± 1.0 b	20.6 ± 1.2 c	27.0 ± 2.2 bc	31.6 ± 3.5 b	41.0 ± 4.9 a	44.3 ± 0.6 a	25.1 ± 1.3 bc
M11	(E,Z) -别罗勒烯 (E,Z)-Allo- Ocimene	14.1 ± 0.1 bc	14.4 ± 0.5 bc	15.3 ± 0.3 b	11.9 ± 0.3 c	14.0 ± 0.6 bc	15.1 ± 1.0 b	17.6 ± 1.3 a	17.7 ± 0.2 a	13.1 ± 0.3 bc
M12	cis-呋喃型氧化里那醇 cis-Furan linalool oxide	291.9 ± 12.1 c	591.0 ± 9.7 ab	382.7 ± 10.9 c	190.3 ± 17.8 d	308.4 ± 19.4 c	634.2 ± 35.4 ab	567.5 ± 50.1 b	678.2 ± 39.2 a	281.3 ± 20.0 c
M13	trans-呋喃型氧化里那醇 trans-Furan linalool oxide	200.9 ± 9.7 c	223.4 ± 8.0 bc	241.1 ± 10.5 b	116.8 ± 13.1 e	189.6 ± 11.7 cd	275.6 ± 24.9 ab	306.8 ± 24.3 a	328.4 ± 11.8 a	155.0 ± 11.6 d
M14	橙花醚 Nerol oxide	10.1 ± 0.2 d	10.8 ± 0.3 cd	11.6 ± 0.2 c	9.0 ± 0.2 e	10.2 ± 0.1 d	10.8 ± 0.3 cd	12.5 ± 0.5 b	14.2 ± 0.1 a	9.1 ± 0.1 e
M15	香茅醇 Citronellal	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
M16	里那醇 Linalool	7 939.3 ± 207.7 a	8 198.5 ± 134.9 a	7 311.6 ± 366.3 a	5 654.4 ± 738.6 b	7 663.7 ± 410.3 a	8 610.6 ± 488.6 a	9 424.1 ± 844.0 a	9 451.9 ± 276.2 a	9 016.2 ± 237.6 a
M17	脱氢里那醇 Hortrineol	216.5 ± 12.2 d	307.1 ± 26.9 c	341.2 ± 21.2 c	126.3 ± 16.5 d	193.5 ± 17.1 d	297.1 ± 17.7 c	425.5 ± 45.0 b	582.0 ± 12.5 a	149.1 ± 17.2 d
M18	4-松油醇 4-Terpineol	72.8 ± 5.4 d	112.9 ± 11.9 c	128.1 ± 9.4 c	33.1 ± 7.3 d	62.8 ± 7.5 d	108.6 ± 7.8 c	165.2 ± 20.0 b	234.3 ± 5.4 a	43.2 ± 7.5 d
M19	橙花醛 Neral	14.3 ± 0.0 c	14.4 ± 0.0 b	14.5 ± 0.0 b	ND	14.4 ± 0.0 b	14.6 ± 0.0 a	14.7 ± 0.0 a	14.7 ± 0.0 a	ND
M20	α-松油醇 α-Terpineol	35.2 ± 3.6 cd	48.6 ± 4.4 c	76.9 ± 4.1 b	22.2 ± 2.4 d	33.4 ± 2.6 cd	45.8 ± 4.0 c	76.1 ± 8.0 b	99.7 ± 4.8 a	21.2 ± 2.4 d
M21	香叶醛 Geranial	9.2 ± 0.1 b	10.1 ± 0.1 ab	11.5 ± 0.8 a	8.5 ± 0.1 c	10.3 ± 0.1 ab	10.7 ± 0.3 ab	11.4 ± 0.1 a	11.7 ± 0.1 a	10.3 ± 0.7 ab
M22	β-香茅醇 β-Citronellol	18.4 ± 1.8 c	24.6 ± 0.7 b	23.0 ± 0.6 bc	12.3 ± 0.9 e	16.7 ± 1.1 d	22.5 ± 1.6 bc	30.0 ± 2.8 a	32.3 ± 1.3 a	14.7 ± 0.7 de
M23	γ-香叶醇 γ-Geraniol	8.5 ± 0.0 a	8.9 ± 0.1 a	8.9 ± 0.1 a	ND	8.9 ± 0.0 a	9.5 ± 0.2 a	10.1 ± 0.0 a	15.7 ± 5.4 a	13.8 ± 5.4 a
M24	橙花醇 Nerol	24.3 ± 1.2 e	32.9 ± 1.8 c	41.4 ± 1.7 c	16.3 ± 1.7 f	28.8 ± 1.2 d	38.7 ± 3.8 c	56.1 ± 4.0 b	65.7 ± 2.0 a	21.1 ± 2.0 ef
M25	顺式-异香叶醇 cis-Isogeraniol	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	8.3 ± 0.0 b	8.4 ± 0.0 a	ND
M26	反式-异香叶醇 trans-Isogeraniol	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	8.4 ± 0.0 b	8.4 ± 0.0 a	ND
M27	β-大马烯酮 Damascenone	ND	10.6 ± 3.6 c	17.0 ± 1.4 a	ND	ND	9.6 ± 3.2 c	13.4 ± 0.8 b	16.6 ± 1.0 a	ND
M28	香叶醇 Geraniol	84.9 ± 7.2 d	134.9 ± 9.3 c	164.4 ± 2.4 c	41.4 ± 5.6 e	133.9 ± 7.4 c	163.9 ± 22.0 c	248.4 ± 14.3 b	322.7 ± 13.2 a	88.3 ± 12.8 d
M29	香叶酸 Geranic acid	14.2 ± 1.0 cd	30.9 ± 2.5 cd	30.2 ± 4.0 cd	9.7 ± 3.2 d	23.9 ± 3.0 cd	34.3 ± 6.1 c	64.6 ± 9.0 b	90.2 ± 5.1 a	17.9 ± 5.0 cd
合计 Total		9 661.6 ± 214.7 c	10 531.3 ± 235.5 b	9614.1 ± 401.3 c	6 741.7 ± 832.7 d	9 367.0 ± 415.2 c	11 108.9 ± 640.6 ab	1 2481.4 ± 1 092.7 ab	13 081.4 ± 309.5 a	10 484.5 ± 369.8 bc

编号 Number	化合物 Compound	T1	T2	T3	T4	T5	T6	T7	T8	T9
M1	β-月桂烯 β-Myrcene	33.3 ± 6.4 a	36.4 ± 1.2 a	37.9 ± 6.8 a	40.7 ± 11.7 a	26.6 ± 1.0 a	28.3 ± 0.3 a	21.8 ± 0.2 a	23.1 ± 2.1 a	33.5 ± 1.5 a
M2	柠檬烯 Limonene	19.7 ± 0.3 bc	26.0 ± 1.5 a	20.6 ± 0.4 b	22.4 ± 0.9 ab	18.0 ± 0.6 c	20.4 ± 0.2 bc	20.2 ± 0.6 bc	17.3 ± 2.1 d	23.9 ± 1.2 ab
M3	水芹烯 Phellandrene	18.6 ± 0.5 c	23.2 ± 0.4 a	20.8 ± 0.1 b	21.2 ± 0.8 b	19.7 ± 0.6 bc	20.7 ± 0.2 b	18.4 ± 0.4 c	17.5 ± 0.7 c	21.6 ± 0.7 ab
M4	β-反式-罗勒烯 β-trans-Ocimene	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
M5	γ-松油烯 γ-Terpinen	7.2 ± 0.0 c	7.6 ± 0.1 a	7.2 ± 0.1 bc	7.3 ± 0.1 b	7.1 ± 0.0 c	7.3 ± 0.0 bc	7.2 ± 0.1 bc	7.1 ± 0.1 c	7.6 ± 0.1 ab
M6	β-顺式-罗勒烯 β-cis-Ocimene	61.7 ± 2.9 cd	92.4 ± 5.0 a	75.3 ± 2.8 ab	78.6 ± 5.3 ab	63.0 ± 3.5 c	72.6 ± 1.7 b	59.7 ± 2.4 cd	52.8 ± 6.7 d	84.1 ± 6.3 ab
M7	异松油烯 Terpinolen	95.9 ± 0.5 ab	103.6 ± 4.2 ab	90.5 ± 1.2 bc	98.6 ± 0.5 ab	86.5 ± 1.2 c	92.8 ± 0.8 bc	101.3 ± 2.0 ab	93.3 ± 6.0 b	106.6 ± 3.7 a
M8	顺式-氧化玫瑰 cis-Rose oxide	10.8 ± 0.0 ab	10.9 ± 0.1 a	10.8 ± 0.0 ab	10.9 ± 0.1 a	10.8 ± 0.0 ab	10.9 ± 0.0 ab	10.8 ± 0.0 ab	10.7 ± 0.0 b	10.8 ± 0.0 ab
M9	反式-氧化玫瑰 trans-Rose oxide	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
M10	别罗勒烯 Allo-ocimene	19.9 ± 0.5 cd	26.1 ± 1.1 a	22.4 ± 0.5 b	23.1 ± 0.9 ab	19.9 ± 0.7 cd	22.0 ± 0.3 bc	19.9 ± 0.5 c	18.3 ± 1.4 d	24.6 ± 1.1 ab
M11	(E,Z) -别罗勒烯 (E,Z)-Allo-Ocimene	11.3 ± 0.2 c	12.5 ± 0.2 a	11.8 ± 0.1 ab	11.9 ± 0.2 ab	11.3 ± 0.1 b	11.7 ± 0.1 ab	11.1 ± 0.1 cd	10.8 ± 0.2 d	12.1 ± 0.3 ab
M12	cis-呋喃型氧化里那醇cis-Furan linalool oxide	161.2 ± 12.0 b	210.4 ± 8.2 b	193.9 ± 6.5 b	159.4 ± 9.1 b	190.1 ± 7.7 b	273.3 ± 5.4 a	199.5 ± 15.3 b	180.6 ± 26.1 b	167.0 ± 14.7 b
M13	trans-呋喃型氧化里那醇trans-Furan linalool oxide	73.1 ± 3.4 b	105.9 ± 5.6 ab	110.3 ± 2.8 a	110.6 ± 6.4 a	97.8 ± 6.1 ab	123.8 ± 4.3 a	104.6 ± 7.8 ab	91.2 ± 15.3 ab	89.4 ± 8.8 ab
M14	橙花醚 Nerol oxide	19.0 ± 0.3 ab	22.6 ± 1.2 a	18.1 ± 0.2 b	19.9 ± 0.2 ab	17.2 ± 0.2 c	19.9 ± 0.6 ab	22.1 ± 0.4 ab	20.6 ± 2.0 ab	21.7 ± 0.9 ab
M15	香茅醇 Citronellal	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
M16	里那醇 Linalool	3 712.0 ± 265.6 b	5 431.7 ± 46.9 a	4 914.3 ± 224.7 a	4 456.5 ± 308.8 ab	4 435.4 ± 340.8 ab	4 616.8 ± 172.7 ab	3 213.5 ± 239.3 c	2 958.8 ± 195.7 c	5 319.7 ± 306.5 a
M17	脱氢里那醇 Hortrineol	55.6 ± 2.9 b	68.8 ± 7.2 ab	49.3 ± 1.5 b	54.3 ± 1.2 b	48.4 ± 1.2 b	67.9 ± 3.3 ab	100.2 ± 6.2 a	77.0 ± 22.6 ab	94.9 ± 7.8 a
M18	4-松油醇 4-Terpineol	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
M19	橙花醛 Neral	11.9 ± 0.1 c	11.2 ± 0.3 c	12.7 ± 0.2 b	10.9 ± 0.3 c	12.5 ± 0.5 bc	14.8 ± 0.2 ab	16.6 ± 1.7 a	17.4 ± 1.2 a	ND
M20	α-松油醇 α-Terpineol	36.8 ± 1.5 ab	45.0 ± 5.0 ab	28.7 ± 1.7 b	38.7 ± 0.4 ab	25.1 ± 1.6 c	35.0 ± 1.8 ab	49.7 ± 1.4 a	37.9 ± 9.6 ab	47.8 ± 5.6 ab
M21	香叶醛 Geranial	26.1 ± 1.4 ab	17.4 ± 2.9 bc	22.4 ± 1.3 bc	15.1 ± 0.8 c	21.3 ± 1.7 bc	22.7 ± 1.7 b	26.3 ± 4.1 ab	34.0 ± 2.9 a	8.8 ± 0.0 d
M22	β-香茅醇 β-Citronellol	13.8 ± 0.2 ab	13.4 ± 0.1 c	13.6 ± 0.1 b	13.4 ± 0.1 c	13.6 ± 0.2 bc	14.3 ± 0.2 a	14.1 ± 0.2 ab	14.3 ± 0.1 a	12.9 ± 0.0 d
M23	γ-香叶醇 γ-Geraniol	23.5 ± 0.0 c	23.6 ± 0.0 c	23.8 ± 0.1 bc	23.8 ± 0.1 b	24.1 ± 0.1 ab	24.3 ± 0.1 a	24.1 ± 0.2 ab	24.3 ± 0.1 a	23.1 ± 0.0 d
M24	橙花醇 Nerol	32.8 ± 0.9 b	36.6 ± 2.0 ab	34.5 ± 0.5 b	38.0 ± 1.5 ab	36.6 ± 1.6 ab	42.6 ± 1.3 a	44.2 ± 2.8 a	43.2 ± 2.7 a	27.3 ± 1.2 c
M25	顺式-异香叶醇 cis-Isogeraniol	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
M26	反式-异香叶醇 trans-Isogeraniol	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
M27	β-大马烯酮 Damascenone	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND
M28	香叶醇 Geraniol	196.6 ± 10.0 b	185.8 ± 9.6 bc	171.0 ± 3.8 c	173.6 ± 4.9 c	190.1 ± 10.3 bc	208.9 ± 6.4 ab	210.7 ± 10.7 ab	233.6 ± 3.8 a	109.9 ± 2.9 d
M29	香叶酸 Geranic acid	544.8 ± 0.8 b	546.0 ± 1.8 b	541.5 ± 0.4 b	549.0 ± 1.5 b	548.7 ± 2.6 b	555.5 ± 2.0 b	589.1 ± 25.4 a	560.3 ± 6.7 b	ND
合计 Total		5 185.4 ± 282.1 b	7 057.2 ± 76.8 a	6 431.4 ± 240.6 ab	5 978.0 ± 349.2 ab	5 924.1 ± 367.2 ab	6 306.3 ± 172.8 ab	4 885.3 ± 281.0 c	4 544.1 ± 292.8 d	6 247.2 ± 358.1 ab

编号Code	化合物 Compound	阈值/（µg ∙ L^-1） Olfactory threshold	处理Treatment	OAV		香气描述 Aroma description
编号Code	化合物 Compound	阈值/（µg ∙ L^-1） Olfactory threshold	处理Treatment	2023	2024	香气描述 Aroma description
M1	β-月桂烯 β-Myrcene	36	T1	6.41	0.93	果香 Fruity flavor
			T2	6.95	1.01
			T3	6.77	1.05
			T4	4.38	1.13
			T5	5.58	0.74
			T6	7.46	0.79
			T7	9.21	0.61
			T8	9.74	0.64
			T9	6.16	0.93
M2	柠檬烯 Limonene	10	T1	3.27	1.97	花香、青草、柑橘
			T2	3.59	2.60	Floral，grassy and citrus flavor
			T3	3.96	2.06
			T4	2.34	2.24
			T5	3.02	1.80
			T6	3.83	2.04
			T7	5.11	2.02
			T8	5.38	1.73
			T9	2.81	2.39
M3	水芹烯 Phellandrene	40	T1	0.76	0.47	甜香、玫瑰香
			T2	0.82	0.58	Sweet and rose flavor
			T3	0.82	0.52
			T4	0.61	0.53
			T5	0.70	0.49
			T6	0.86	0.52
			T7	1.03	0.46
			T8	1.08	0.44
			T9	0.72	0.54
M4	β-反式-罗勒烯	34	T1	3.16	\	草本 Herbal
	β-trans-Ocimene		T2	3.37	\
			T3	3.47	\
			T4	1.98	\
			T5	2.94	\
			T6	3.73	\
			T7	4.95	\
			T8	5.03	\
			T9	2.65	\
M6	β-顺式-罗勒烯	34	T1	4.59	1.81	草本、花香 Herbal，floral
	β-cis-Ocimene		T2	5.10	2.72
			T3	5.47	2.21
			T4	2.92	2.31
			T5	4.36	1.85
			T6	5.53	2.14
			T7	6.76	1.76
			T8	7.70	1.55
			T9	3.95	2.47
M8	顺式-氧化玫瑰	0.5	T1	22.00	21.60	玫瑰香 Rose flavor
	cis-Rose oxide		T2	22.40	21.80
			T3	22.00	21.60
			T4	21.40	21.80
			T5	22.40	21.60
			T6	22.60	21.80
			T7	23.60	21.60
			T8	23.40	21.40
			T9	22.20	21.60
M9	反式-氧化玫瑰	0.5	T1	\	\	玫瑰香 Rose flavor
	trans-Rose oxide		T2	\	\
			T3	3.00	\
			T4	\	\
			T5	\	\
			T6	\	\
			T7	3.80	\
			T8	\	\
			T9	\	\
M12	cis-呋喃型氧化里那醇	6	T1	48.65	26.87	花香 Floral
	cis-Furan linalool oxide		T2	98.50	35.07
			T3	63.78	32.32
			T4	31.72	26.57
			T5	51.4	31.68
			T6	105.7	45.55
			T7	94.58	33.25
			T8	113.03	30.10
			T9	46.88	27.83
M13	trans-呋喃型氧化里那醇	6	T1	33.48	12.18	柑橘、青香 Citrus，green
	trans-Furan linalool oxide		T2	37.23	17.65
			T3	40.18	18.38
			T4	19.47	18.43
			T5	31.6	16.30
			T6	45.93	20.63
			T7	51.13	17.43
			T8	54.73	15.20
			T9	25.83	14.90
M16	里那醇 Linalool	6	T1	1 323.22	618.67	花香、熏衣草、柑橘、杨梅
			T2	1 366.42	905.28	Floral，lavender，citrus and
			T3	1 218.60	819.05	bayberry flavor
			T4	942.40	742.75
			T5	1 277.28	739.23
			T6	1 435.10	769.47
M16	里那醇 Linalool	6	T7	1 570.68	535.58
			T8	1 575.32	493.13
			T9	1 502.70	886.62
M17	脱氢里那醇 Hortrineol	110	T1	1.97	0.51	花香、果香
			T2	2.79	0.63	Floral and fruity flavor
			T3	3.10	0.45
			T4	1.15	0.49
			T5	1.76	0.44
			T6	2.70	0.62
			T7	3.87	0.91
			T8	5.29	0.70
			T9	1.36	0.86
M18	4-松油醇 4-Terpineol	130	T1	0.56	\	\
			T2	0.87	\
			T3	0.99	\
			T4	0.25	\
			T5	0.48	\
			T6	0.84	\
			T7	1.27	\
			T8	1.8	\
			T9	0.33	\
M27	β-大马烯酮	2.1	T1	\	\	甜的木香、果香、花香、青香
	Damascenone		T2	5.05	\	Sweet woody，fruity，floral，green
			T3	8.1	\
			T4	\	\
			T5	\	\
			T6	4.57	\
			T7	6.38	\
			T8	7.9	\
			T9	\	\
M28	香叶醇 Geraniol	40	T1	2.12	4.92	玫瑰香、天竺葵、桃子、柠檬
			T2	3.37	4.65	Rose，geranium，peach and lemon
			T3	4.11	4.28	flavor
			T4	1.04	4.34
			T5	3.35	4.75
			T6	4.1	5.22
			T7	6.21	5.27
			T8	8.07	5.84
			T9	2.21	2.75
M29	香叶酸 Geranic acid	40	T1	0.36	13.62	青香 Green flavor
			T2	0.77	13.65
			T3	0.76	13.54
			T4	0.24	13.73
			T5	0.60	13.72
			T6	0.86	13.89
			T7	1.62	14.73
			T8	2.26	14.01
			T9	0.45	\

评价指标 Evaluation indexes	2023			2024
评价指标 Evaluation indexes	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC1	PC2	PC3
果穗质量 Cluster weight	0.431	0.072	-0.045	0.434	0.287	0.155
单粒质量 Single berry weight	0.410	-0.023	-0.110	0.293	0.445	-0.398
可溶性固形物 Total soluble solids	0.189	0.806	-0.233	0.285	-0.446	-0.458
可滴定酸 Titratable acidity	0.226	-0.420	-0.679	-0.133	0.558	0.078
叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content	0.373	-0.392	0.229	0.459	0.063	0.128
净光合速率 Net photosynthetic rate	-0.332	-0.104	0.363	0.392	0.022	0.606
顺式-氧化玫瑰 cis-Rose oxide	0.407	0.058	0.368	-0.420	-0.091	0.409
香叶醇 Geraniol	0.380	0.024	0.388	0.293	-0.443	0.225
特征值 Eigenvalue	4.834	1.114	1.028	3.267	2.202	0.949
方差贡献率/% Variance contribution rate	60.430	13.930	12.850	40.840	27.530	11.870
累计方差贡献率/% Cumulative variance contribution rate	60.430	74.360	87.210	40.840	68.370	80.240

处理 Treatment	主成分得分 Principal component score			综合得分 Composite score	排序 Rank
处理 Treatment	F1	F2	F3	综合得分 Composite score	排序 Rank
T1	-0.089	0.401	-0.807	-0.1018	4
T2	-0.766	-0.478	0.716	-0.4377	7
T3	-0.340	-1.136	-0.577	-0.4380	8
T4	-1.618	1.673	-0.216	-0.7724	9
T5	-0.525	-0.052	0.960	-0.2012	6
T6	0.097	-1.236	1.241	0.0459	3
T7	1.404	1.014	0.171	1.0115	2
T8	1.522	0.595	0.452	1.0606	1
T9	0.316	-0.781	-1.940	-0.1669	5

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处理 Treatment	主成分得分 Principal component score			综合得分 Composite score	排序 Rank
处理 Treatment	F1	F2	F3	综合得分 Composite score	排序 Rank
T1	1.349	1.094	1.858	1.073	1
T2	-1.214	-0.857	0.763	-0.641	9
T3	-0.514	0.936	-0.307	0.011	4
T4	-1.415	-0.193	0.672	-0.551	8
T5	0.421	-1.257	-0.421	-0.224	7
T6	-0.029	-0.405	0.288	-0.089	6
T7	0.406	-0.258	-1.256	-0.054	5
T8	1.393	-0.736	-0.404	0.318	2
T9	-0.395	1.675	-1.192	0.158	3

处理 Treatment	主成分得分 Principal component score			综合得分 Composite score	排序 Rank
处理 Treatment	F1	F2	F3	综合得分 Composite score	排序 Rank
T1	1.349	1.094	1.858	1.073	1
T2	-1.214	-0.857	0.763	-0.641	9
T3	-0.514	0.936	-0.307	0.011	4
T4	-1.415	-0.193	0.672	-0.551	8
T5	0.421	-1.257	-0.421	-0.224	7
T6	-0.029	-0.405	0.288	-0.089	6
T7	0.406	-0.258	-1.256	-0.054	5
T8	1.393	-0.736	-0.404	0.318	2
T9	-0.395	1.675	-1.192	0.158	3