The Rooting Effect and Changes of IAA Content in Constriction，Girdling Treatment During Shoot Layering of Apple Rootstock‘Jizhen 2’

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0155

Acta Horticulturae Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5): 1063-1072.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0155

• Cultivation Physiology & Biochemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles

The Rooting Effect and Changes of IAA Content in Constriction，Girdling Treatment During Shoot Layering of Apple Rootstock‘Jizhen 2’

GAO Meina, SUN Mingfei, ZHU Jie, JING Junli, LI Jia, ZHOU Shasha, LIANG Bowen, XU Jizhong, LI Zhongyong()

College of Horticulture，Agricultural University of Hebei，Baoding，Hebei 071000，China

Received:2022-12-31 Revised:2023-03-23 Online:2023-05-25 Published:2023-05-31
Contact: LI Zhongyong E-mail:yylzy2014@163.com

Abstract

Abstract:

The changes of IAA content and other related indexes during shoot layering in apple dwarfing rootstock‘Jizhen 2’were determined. The results showed that：the rooting rate of constriction treatment was significantly higher than girdling and control，the highest rooting rate was 78.92%；During the shoot layering process，the IAA content of constriction treatment was significantly higher than that of girdling and control，and reached the maximum value of 39.93 ng · g^-1 at 35 days；At adventitious roots induction and formation stage，the activities of POD and PPO of constriction treatment were significantly higher than those of girdling and the control，the IAAO activity of constriction treatment was lower than that of girdling and control；The upregulation of MdPAT1，MdPIN1 during induction in constriction treatment were detected，and reached the highest level at 35 days，which was significantly higher than control；The relative expression of MdYUCCA4 was significantly higher in constriction treatment than that of girdling and control at 25 days and the expression of MdARF17 was relatively low in constriction treatment. In conclusion，The constriction treatment can significantly improve the rooting rate and rooting index of ‘Jizhen 2’rootstock. Auxin IAA plays an important role in inducing and promoting adventitious root elongation of‘Jizhen 2’.

Key words: apple, root stock, shoot layering, IAA

CLC Number:

S661.1

GAO Meina, SUN Mingfei, ZHU Jie, JING Junli, LI Jia, ZHOU Shasha, LIANG Bowen, XU Jizhong, LI Zhongyong. The Rooting Effect and Changes of IAA Content in Constriction，Girdling Treatment During Shoot Layering of Apple Rootstock‘Jizhen 2’[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2023, 50(5): 1063-1072.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1 Primer sequences for the quantification by real-time PCR

基因名称	基因ID	引物序列
Gene name	Gene ID	Primer sequence
β-Actin	LOC103453508	F：5′-GGATTTGCTGGTGATGATGCT-3′	R：5′-AGTTGCTCACTATGCCGTGCT-3′
PIN1	LOC103455629	F：5′-TGCTACTGGAAACAAGCCGA-3′	R：5′-GCATTAGCATTAGCGATGACGG-3′
PAT1	LOC103442977	F：5′-GCGTTGAGAGGGTGGAAAGA-3′	R：5′-GATAGAGTGCCCCATCTCGC-3′
ARF17	LOC103401869	F：5′-GCCCAATGGCGACAAACTC-3′	R：5′-GGAACAGAGAATCCACCCCC-3′
YUCCA4	LOC103456153	F：5′-CCTCCCACTTCTCAATCCACC-3′	R：5′-GTGGCAACAATCAGCCACTT-3′

Fig. 1 Anatomic structure of adventitious root formation a：Transverse section of new shoot base；b：Primordial root cells originating from cambium；c：The primordial root cells originating from cambium aggregate to form a cell mass；d：Root primordium formation；e：Adventitious root formation；f：Adventitious root out of the epidermis，continuous elongation；g：Root primordium primitive cells formed in callus；h：Root primordia originating from medullary rays. Ep：Epidermis；Ph：Phloem；Xy：Xylem；Xr：Pith ray；Pi：Pulp；Vc：Vascular cambium；RPic：Root primordia primitive cell；Rp：Root primordia；Ar：Adventitious roots.

Fig. 2 Rooting of apple rootstock‘Jizhen 2’in constriction and girdling treatment

Table 2 Effects of constriction and girdling treatment on rooting of apple rootstock‘Jizhen 2’

不同处理	生根率/%	平均根长/cm	单株平均根数	平均根粗/mm	最长根长/mm	生根指数
Different treatments	Rooting rate	Length of roots	Roots number per plant	Width of root	The longest root	Rooting index
对照 Control	16.54 ± 3.38 c	10.04 ± 2.73 b	6.67 ± 1.15 b	1.66 ± 0.27 c	15.33 ± 3.51 b	10.73 ± 1.46 c
环割 Girdling	24.85 ± 5.08 b	18.72 ± 3.00 a	6.75 ± 0.96 b	2.75 ± 0.63 b	32.00 ± 3.56 a	31.28 ± 5.53 b
绞缢 Constriction	78.92 ± 9.46 a	19.59 ± 3.80 a	8.75 ± 1.26 a	3.64 ± 0.29 a	36.67 ± 5.13 a	132.92 ± 13.52 a

Fig. 3 Changes in IAA content and POD，IAAO，PPO activities during rooting of apple rootstock‘Jizhen 2’ Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments in the same period（P < 0.05）.

Fig. 4 Expression of rooting related genes during adventitious root induction of apple rootstock‘Jizhen 2’ Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments in the same period（P < 0.05）.

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The Rooting Effect and Changes of IAA Content in Constriction，Girdling Treatment During Shoot Layering of Apple Rootstock‘Jizhen 2’

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