关键词: 素馨属, 茉莉花, 种质资源, 形态特征, 挥发性物质, 香气品质

Abstract:

The flower volatile compounds of Jasminum spp. were detected by using the SPME-GC-MS technique and diversity of flower volatile compounds and aroma quality were also evaluated by the cluster analysis，principal component analysis and aroma quality evaluation. The results showed that the 25 jasmine germplasm resources displayed abundant phenotypic traits：(i) the phyllotaxy of these jasmine germplasm resources was verticillate three-leaves，alternately pinnate compound leaves or opposite single-leaf；(ii) the flower color is white，white-pink bicolor or golden；and (iii) the corollas is single，double or multiple layer (s). Among the 25 germplasm resources，the lightest single flower mass was Jasminum grandiflorum（0.10 g），and the heaviest one was Jasminum sambac Hutou（2.41 g）. Moreover，a total of 107 volatile components were identified from the 25 jasmine germplasm resources，including 43 Terpenoids，24 benzene compounds，28 fatty acid derivatives and 12 N- and NS-containing compounds. The volatile components of 22 germplasm resources were reported for the first time by this study，except for J. grandiflorum，J. multiflorum and Fuzhou double layers J. sambac. According to the results of the principal component and cluster analyses，the 25 jasmine germplasm resources could be clustered into three categories：Group Ⅰ，including J. odoratissimum；Group Ⅱ，including J. seguinii，J. multiflorum and J. dichotomum；and Group Ⅲ，including the remaining 21 germplasms. Furthermore，21 substances including linalool，benzyl alcohol，methyl benzoate，benzyl acetate，α-farnesene，indole，jasmone and butyraldehyde oxime were screened as the differentially representative volatile components. In J. odoratissimum，few volatile components could be identified，but the content of α-farnesene was very high（> 89%）. Butyraldehyde oxime-like substances were volatile components unique to group Ⅱ，and have not been detected in other jasmine germplasm resources. J. grandiflorum had significantly different phenotypic characteristics compared to J. Jasmine，while its volatile compositions were similar to J. Jasmine. The results of aroma quality evaluation indicated that aroma quality of different cultivars of J. sambac was significantly different. It is noteworthy that the aroma quality of Orleans girl，Myanmar double layers，Thailand double layers and Taiwan single layer was not lower than that of Fuzhou’s double layers，therefore，it is worth planting in a large area.

Key words: Jasminum spp., jasmine, germplasm resource, phenotypic characteristics, volatile component, aroma quality