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园艺学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (1): 103-120.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-1214

• 栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

褪黑素对葡萄叶片发育衰老过程中亚细胞活性氧代谢的影响

王宇航1, 李斗1, 王春恒1, 金鑫1, 陈亚娟1, 戴子博1, 冯丽丹2, 杨江山1,*()   

  1. 1 甘肃农业大学园艺学院,兰州 730070
    2 甘肃省葡萄酒产业技术研发中心,兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-10 修回日期:2023-11-11 出版日期:2024-01-25 发布日期:2024-01-16
  • 通讯作者:
    * (E-mail:
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省科技计划项目(21CX6NA080); 甘肃省科技重大专项(18ZD2NA006-4)

The Effect of Melatonin on the Subcellular Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism During Development and Senescence in Grape Leaves

WANG Yuhang1, LI Dou1, WANG Chunheng1, JIN Xin1, CHENG Yajuan1, DAI Zibo1, FENG Lidan2, YANG Jiangshan1,*()   

  1. 1 College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2 Research and Development Center of Wine Industry in Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Received:2023-03-10 Revised:2023-11-11 Published:2024-01-25 Online:2024-01-16

摘要:

以12年生‘红地球’葡萄为试材,于6月上旬(叶龄22 d)开始分别叶面喷施200 μmol · L-1 DL-4–氯苯丙氨酸(CPA,褪黑素合成抑制剂)和50 ~ 200 μmol · L-1 褪黑素(MT),以蒸馏水作为对照,每30 d喷施1次,共喷施5次,定期取样测定叶片叶绿素含量及叶绿体、线粒体和细胞溶质中活性氧水平、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸—谷胱甘肽(AsA–GSH)循环酶活性。结果表明:叶片发育至115 d,其叶绿素含量迅速降低,各亚细胞组分活性氧水平逐渐上升,抗氧化酶和AsA–GSH循环酶活性逐渐降低;亚细胞组分对比发现,叶片衰老过程中$\mathrm{O}_{2}^{\overline{·}}$水平在叶绿体组分中最高,H2O2水平在细胞溶质组分中最高。150 μmol·L-1 MT处理能显著降低各亚细胞组分中的$\mathrm{O}_{2}^{\overline{·}}$和H2O2水平,各亚细胞组分中SOD、POD和CAT活性显著提高,同时,显著提高了各亚细胞组分抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、抗坏 血酸氧化酶(AAO)、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(DHAR)、单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDHAR)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性,各亚细胞组分AsA、DHA和GSH含量显著提高,显著提高叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b及类胡萝卜素含量,从而延缓了叶片的衰老进程。CPA处理抑制了各亚细胞组分抗氧化酶和AsA–GSH循环酶活性,活性氧水平显著提高,叶绿素含量下降。综上所述,外源MT通过提高葡萄叶片中各亚细胞组分的SOD、POD、CAT活性和AsA–GSH循环酶活性,提高各亚细胞组分的AsA和GSH含量,增强叶片抗氧化能力,进而有效清除活性氧,延缓叶片的衰老。

关键词: 葡萄, 褪黑素, 叶片衰老, 活性氧, 抗氧化, 抗坏血酸—谷胱甘肽循环

Abstract:

The 12-year-old of‘Red Globe’grapes were treated with DL-4-chlorophenylalanine(CPA,200 μmol · L-1,melatonin synthesis inhibitor),50–200 μmol · L-1 melatonin(MT)and distilled water(control),respectively,by foliar spraying at early June(22 d of leaf age). The sprays were applied five times with an interval of 30 d. The leaf chlorophyll content,reactive oxygen species levels,superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT),and ascorbic acid–glutathione(AsA–GSH)cycle enzyme activities in chloroplast,mitochondrial,and cytosolic fractions were measured periodically. The results showed that the content of chlorophyll rapidly decreased,reactive oxygen species levels in each subcellular fraction gradually increased,and the activity of antioxidant enzymes and AsA–GSH cycle enzyme gradually decreased at 115 d of leaf development. Among subcellular fractions,the $\mathrm{O}_{2}^{\overline{·}}$ level was highest in the chloroplasts and the H2O2 level was highest in the cytosol during leaf senescence. 150 μmol · L-1 MT treatment significantly decreased the $\mathrm{O}_{2}^{\overline{·}}$ and H2O2 levels,while the activities of SOD,POD,and CAT were significantly increased in each subcellular fraction. Meanwhile,the MT treatment at 150 μmol · L-1 significantly increased the activities of ascorbate peroxidase(APX),ascorbate oxidase (AAO),dehydroascorbate reductase(DHAR),monodehydroascorbate reductase(MDHAR),and glutathione reductase(GR)in each subcellular fraction,leading to a significant increase in AsA,DHA and GSH contents,as well as the contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and carotenoid in grape leaves. As a result,the senescence process of leaves was delayed. On the contrary,the CPA treatment inhibited the activities of antioxidant enzymes and AsA–GSH cycle enzyme in each subcellular fraction,and the reactive oxygen species levels in each subcellular fraction were increased and the chlorophyll content decreased. In summary,exogenous MT increases the AsA and GSH contents in leaf subcellular fractions by increasing SOD,POD,CAT and AsA–GSH cycle enzyme activities,and thus enhances the antioxidant capacity of leaves,which in turn effectively scavenges ROS,resulting in delaying the leaf senescence in grape.

Key words: grape, melatonin, leaf senescence, reactive oxygen, antioxidant, ascorbic acid-glutathione cycle