欧李高密度遗传图谱构建及果实酸度QTL定位

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2025-0105

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对欧李品种‘农大4号'（高酸）和‘DS-1'（低酸）及其208个F₁代进行全基因组重测序，成功构建了首张欧李高密度遗传图谱，同时对果实酸度进行QTL定位。F₁代连续两年果实可滴定酸含量呈现连续的正态分布，属于典型的多基因控制的数量性状；构建的图谱包含8个连锁群，5 371个SNP标记，总遗传距离为1 321.5 cM，标记间平均距离为0.26 cM；结合果实可滴定酸含量，利用复合区间作图法进行QTL定位，共检测到13个与果实酸度相关的QTL位点，表型变异贡献率在7.1% ~ 13.1%；QTL定位结果结合转录组数据分析，筛选出与果实酸度极显著相关的1个结构基因VHA-e1（LG3）和2个转录因子MYB44和bHLH148（LG1）。

关键词: 欧李, 果实酸度, 重测序, 遗传图谱, QTL定位

Abstract:

In this study，whole-genome resequencing was performed on Cerasus humilis cultivars‘Nongda 4'and‘DS-1'and their 208 F₁ progeny in this study to construct the first high-density genetic linkage map of the C. humilis，and trait loci for fruit acidity were located by QTL mapping. The fruit titratable acid content of the‘Nongda 4'×‘DS-1'hybrid population showed a continuous normal distribution for two consecutive years，which was a quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. The genetic map contained eight linked groups and 5 371 single-nucleotide polymorphism markers. The total genetic distance was 1 321.5 cM，with an average distance of 0.26 cM between markers. QTL mapping was performed based on titratable acid content in fruits. A total of 13 QTLs related to the titratable acid content of the fruits were identified，with a phenotypic variation contribution rate from 7.1% to 13.1%. Based on these results and transcriptome analysis，one structural gene（VHA-e1，linkage group LG3）and two transcription factors（MYB44 and bHLH148，LG1）significantly related to fruit acidity were screened.

Key words: Cerasus humilis, fruit acidity, re-sequencing, genetic map, quantitative trait locus mapping

郭彩珍, 王鹏飞, 穆霄鹏, 张建成, 杜俊杰. 欧李高密度遗传图谱构建及果实酸度QTL定位[J]. 园艺学报, 2026, 53(4): 1113-1124.

GUO Caizhen, WANG Pengfei, MU Xiaopeng, ZHANG Jiancheng, DU Junjie. High-Density Genetic Map Construction and QTL Mapping of Fruit Acidity in the Cerasus humilis[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2026, 53(4): 1113-1124.

图/表 12

参考文献 40

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遗传参数Genetic parameter	2021	2022
母本/% Female	2.06 ± 0.03	2.13 ± 0.01
父本/% Male	0.90 ± 0.03	0.91 ± 0.03
F₁株数 F₁ Number	139	196
子代平均值/% Progeny mean	1.82	1.58
变异范围/% Progenies distribution	0.82 ~ 2.96	0.84 ~ 2.80
变异系数/% CV	25.74	25.22
超低亲率/% Ultra-low parent	1.44	2.04
超高亲率/% Ultra-high parent	30.94	10.72
遗传传递力/% Ta	122.88	104.40
广义遗传力/% H²	99.70	99.73
年份间相关系数Correlation coefficient	0.66（P < 0.01）

遗传参数Genetic parameter	2021	2022
母本/% Female	2.06 ± 0.03	2.13 ± 0.01
父本/% Male	0.90 ± 0.03	0.91 ± 0.03
F₁株数 F₁ Number	139	196
子代平均值/% Progeny mean	1.82	1.58
变异范围/% Progenies distribution	0.82 ~ 2.96	0.84 ~ 2.80
变异系数/% CV	25.74	25.22
超低亲率/% Ultra-low parent	1.44	2.04
超高亲率/% Ultra-high parent	30.94	10.72
遗传传递力/% Ta	122.88	104.40
广义遗传力/% H²	99.70	99.73
年份间相关系数Correlation coefficient	0.66（P < 0.01）

样本 Sample	Clean Reads总数 Total clean reads	Clean Bases总数/Gb Total clean bases	Q30/%	GC/%
农大4号Nongda 4	35 128 984	5.21	91.16	42.13
DS-1	36 044 564	5.17	89.58	40.24
F₁子代 F₁ Progenies	1 839 622 152	261.89	89.29	39.61
合计Total	1 910 795 700	272.27	90.01	40.66

样本 Sample	Clean Reads总数 Total clean reads	Clean Bases总数/Gb Total clean bases	Q30/%	GC/%
农大4号Nongda 4	35 128 984	5.21	91.16	42.13
DS-1	36 044 564	5.17	89.58	40.24
F₁子代 F₁ Progenies	1 839 622 152	261.89	89.29	39.61
合计Total	1 910 795 700	272.27	90.01	40.66

名称 Sample	Clean 序列 Clean reads	Clean reads比对率/% Mapped-rate	平均测序深度/× Ave-depth	覆盖5×的碱基比 Cov_ratio_5×
农大4号 Nongda 4	35 128 984	92.71	20.33	79.66
DS-1	3 604 456	93.21	20.04	80.90
F₁均值F₁mean	8 844 337	94.00	4.96	33.94