腐殖酸生物降解地膜提高番茄品质的转录代谢机制研究

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0116

园艺学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (8): 1758-1772.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2024-0116

• 遗传育种·种质资源·分子生物学 • 上一篇下一篇

腐殖酸生物降解地膜提高番茄品质的转录代谢机制研究

韩荧¹^,²^,^*, 段颖²^,^*, 牛一杰², 李衍素², 贺超兴², 孙敏涛², 王君², 李强³^,^**(), 陈双臣¹^,^**(), 闫妍²^,^**()

¹ 河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院，河南洛阳 471000
² 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所，北京 100081
³ 华中农业大学工学院和园艺林学学院，武汉 430070

收稿日期:2024-03-20 修回日期:2024-06-19 出版日期:2024-08-25 发布日期:2024-08-21
通讯作者:
^**E-mail：yanyan@caas.cn，
chen_shuangchen@126.com，
qiang-li@mail.hzau.edu.cn
作者简介:
^* 共同第一作者
基金资助:
国家重点研发项目(2021YFD1600303); 国家重点研发项目(2022YFD1601505); 国家自然科学基金项目(32372793); 蔬菜生物育种全国重点实验室项目

Transcription Metabolic Mechanism of Humic Acid Biodegradable Plastic Film to Improving the Fruit Quality of Tomato in the Greenhouse

HAN Ying¹^,², DUAN Ying², NIU Yijie², LI Yansu², HE Chaoxing², SUN Mintao², WANG Jun², LI Qiang³^,^**(), CHEN Shuangchen¹^,^**(), YAN Yan²^,^**()

¹ College of Horticulture and Plant Protection，Henan University of Science and Technology，Luoyang，Henan 471000，China
² Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Research，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China
³ College of Engineering，Horticultural and Forestry Sciences，Huazhong Agricultural University，Wuhan 430070，China

Received:2024-03-20 Revised:2024-06-19 Published:2024-08-25 Online:2024-08-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

腐殖酸生物降解地膜是一种新型生物降解地膜，因其覆盖栽培番茄能显著改良土壤环境，提高果实品质而受到广泛关注。为探明其对番茄果实品质和营养成分的影响及其调控机制，以设施番茄‘甜脆脆’为试验材料，对PBAT/PLA普通生物降解膜（PT）和添加腐殖酸的生物降解膜（FZS）处理下的番茄成熟果实进行风味感官评价，并测定可溶性糖、番茄红素等营养物质含量，利用PCA、正交偏最小二乘法、KEGG等分析方法对成熟果实转录组和GC/LC-MS非靶向代谢组进行联合分析。结果表明：与PT处理成熟果实相比，FZS处理果实薄壁细胞数显著减少28.10%，表皮层和角质层厚度分别减少24.28%和43.99%，促进了果实的成熟，并提高了可溶性糖和糖酸比，降低了酸度和硬度，促进了果实的成熟，改善了品质。转录组分析共鉴定出500个差异表达基因，主要富集于碳水化合物代谢、糖酵解和细胞壁结构等途径。代谢组分析共鉴定出143个差异含量代谢物，主要富集于丁酸代谢、赖氨酸降解和ABC转运蛋白等途径。转录—代谢组联合分析发现FZS对番茄果实风味品质的影响受到碳水化合物/能量代谢以及氨基酸和激素转运等途径的正向调控，其中葡萄糖-6-磷酸、果糖-6-磷酸和半乳糖参与的碳水化合物代谢通路是主要的调控途径。

关键词: 番茄, 腐殖酸, 生物可降解地膜, 转录—代谢组联合分析

Abstract:

Humic acid biodegradable plastic film is a new type of biodegradable plastic film that has received widespread attention due to its significant improvement in the soil quality of facility cultivation and the increase in tomato quality. To investigate the effects and regulatory mechanisms of humic acid biodegradable plastic film on the quality and nutritional components of tomato fruits，this study used facility tomato‘Tiancuicui’as the experimental material，flavor sensory evaluation was conducted on mature tomato fruits treated with PBAT/PLA ordinary degradable plastic film（PT）and humic acid biodegradable plastic film（FZS），and the content of soluble sugars，lycopene and other nutrients were measured. PCA，OPLS-DA，KEGG and other analysis methods were used to jointly analyze the transcriptome and GC/LC-MS non targeted metabolomic of ripe fruits. The results showed that FZS treatment significantly reduced the number of thin-walled cells by 28.10%，thickness of epidermis and stratum corneum in tomato fruit by 24.28% and 43.99%，respectively，promoting tomato fruit ripening，increasing soluble sugar and sugar acid ratio，reducing fruit acidity and hardness，and improving fruit quality；transcriptome analysis identified 500 differentially expressed genes，mainly enriched in pathways such as carbohydrate metabolism，glycolysis，and cell wall structure；metabolomic analysis identified 143 differential metabolites，mainly enriched in pathways including butyric acid metabolism，lysine degradation，and ABC transporters；transcription metabolism joint analysis revealed that the impact of FZS on tomato fruit flavor quality is positively regulated by the carbohydrate/energy metabolism pathway，amino acid and hormone transport；the carbohydrate metabolism pathway involved in glucose-6- phosphate，fructose-6-phosphate，and galactose are the main regulatory pathways.

Key words: tomato, humic acid, biodegradable plastic film, transcription metabolomics combined analysis

韩荧, 段颖, 牛一杰, 李衍素, 贺超兴, 孙敏涛, 王君, 李强, 陈双臣, 闫妍. 腐殖酸生物降解地膜提高番茄品质的转录代谢机制研究[J]. 园艺学报, 2024, 51(8): 1758-1772.

HAN Ying, DUAN Ying, NIU Yijie, LI Yansu, HE Chaoxing, SUN Mintao, WANG Jun, LI Qiang, CHEN Shuangchen, YAN Yan. Transcription Metabolic Mechanism of Humic Acid Biodegradable Plastic Film to Improving the Fruit Quality of Tomato in the Greenhouse[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(8): 1758-1772.

图/表 14

表1 番茄果实风味口感评价打分标准

Table 1 Standard of fruit tasty in tomato

级别 Grade	分数 Score	风味口感评价标准 Evaluate standard of the taste in grafted tomato
1	9.0 ~ 10.0	口感甜，浓郁清香味，肉质软 Sweet taste，rich and clear fragrance，soft sarcocarp
2	6.0 ~ 8.0	口感酸甜，有清香味，肉质软 Taste sour and sweet，clear fragrance，soft sarcocarp
3	3.0 ~ 5.0	口感甜酸，略有清香味，肉质面 Taste sweet and sour，slightly fragrant，slightly hard sarcocarp
4	0 ~ 2.0	口感酸，无清香味，肉质沙 Sour taste，no fragrance，hard sarcocarp

表2 qRT-PCR验证基因及引物信息

Table 2 qRT-PCR validation gene and primer information

基因 Gene	引物 Primer
Solyc09g075420	F：5′-TATGGCCGACTGATTTCTGG-3′；R：5′-CCAAACCCTAACCCCTTTTCT-3′
Solyc08g079480	F：5′-TGGTCTCCAGAAAAAGCATCTAAAG-3′；R：5′- ACCTGTATGATAATTTGCCACAGC-3′
Solyc08g078850	F：5′- TAGATTTCGGTTTTTGATTGCG-3′；R：5′-CACAACTTCTTGGTGGATTTTTT-3′
Solyc09g011810	F：5′-GGTGGCATTTATGGTTATCCTAGA-3′；R：5′-TCCAATTTTTCAACTTCTTCTGTG-3′
Solyc02g062340	F：5′-ATTCCCCCTGCTGTCCCT-3′；R：5′-GAGCTGCCTCAACATTTTCTG-3′
Solyc05g055840	F：5′-GCGGACACTTTCTTTGTCTGG-3′；R：5′-CAATAGCTTGAACGCCTGGTA-3′
Actin	F：5′-TGTCCCTATTTACGAGGGTTATGC-3′；R：5′-AGTTAAATCACGACCAGCAAGAT-3′

图1 普通生物降解膜（PT）和腐殖酸生物降解膜（FZS）覆盖番茄授粉后55 d的果实表型（A）与果皮细胞（B）

Fig. 1 Fruit phenotype（A）and pericarp cell（B）of tomato covered with ordinary biodegradable film（PT）and humic acid biodegradable film（FZS）55 d after pollination

表3 普通生物降解膜（PT）和腐殖酸生物降解膜（FZS）覆盖对番茄果实表皮组织厚度的影响

Table 3 Coverage of the effects of ordinary biodegradable film（PT）and humic acid biodegradable film（FZS）on the thickness of tomato fruit epidermal tissue

处理 Treatment	角质层厚度/μm Cutin thickness	表皮层厚度/μm Epidermis thickness	表皮细胞宽/μm Epidermal cell width	薄壁细胞宽/μm Parenchyma cell width	单位面积表皮细胞数 Number of epidermal cells per unit area	单位面积薄壁细胞数 Number of parenchyma cells per unit area
PT	6.59 ± 0.83	75.73 ± 4.68	8.22 ± 2.50	17.92 ± 6.34	10.21 ± 2.06	32.17 ± 5.97
FZS	4.99 ± 0.67^*	42.42 ± 3.25^*	9.85 ± 2.42	15.23 ± 2.81	9.75 ± 1.59	23.13 ± 5.90^*

表4 普通生物降解膜（PT）和腐殖酸生物降解膜（FZS）覆盖处理的番茄成熟果实的风味口感评分

Table 4 Flavor and taste scores of mature tomato fruits covered with ordinary biodegradable film（PT） and humic acid biodegradable film（FZS）

处理 Treatment	硬度 Hardness	甜度 Sweetness	酸度 Acidity	风味 Flavor
PT	8.30 ± 0.90	6.10 ± 1.13	7.50 ± 0.78	6.40 ± 1.28
FZS	5.50 ± 0.92^*	7.30 ± 0.90^*	5.90 ± 0.70^*	8.00 ± 0.88^*

表5 普通生物降解膜（PT）和腐殖酸生物降解膜（FZS）覆盖对番茄果实品质的影响

Table 5 Effects of ordinary biodegradable film（PT）and humic acid biodegradable film（FZS）on tomato fruit quality

处理 Treatment	果实硬度/（kg · cm^-2） Fruit firmness	维生素C/（mg · kg^-1） Vitamin C	可溶性糖/% Soluble sugar	可溶性固形物/% Soluble solids	番茄红素/（μg · g^-1） Lycopene	可滴定酸/% Titratable acid	糖酸比 Sugar acid ratio
PT	10.50 ± 0.31	1.48 ± 1.08	2.47 ± 0.03	7.83 ± 0.12	79.32 ± 2.81	5.81 ± 0.01	42.48 ± 0.64
FZS	9.80 ± 0.13^*	1.40 ± 0.17	2.71 ± 0.01^*	8.17 ± 0.06^*	90.39 ± 5.49^*	5.64 ± 0.07^*	48.09 ± 0.78^*

图2 番茄普通生物降解膜（PT）和腐殖酸生物降解膜（FZS）覆盖处理果实差异表达基因柱状图和火山图

Fig. 2 Histogram and volcanic map of differentially expressed genes in tomato fruits covered with ordinary biodegradable film（PT）and humic acid biodegradable film（FZS）

图3 普通生物降解膜（PT）和腐殖酸生物降解膜（FZS）覆盖处理的番茄差异表达基因的GO功能富集

Fig. 3 Enrichment of go function of differentially expressed genes in tomato covered with ordinary biodegradable film（PT） and humic acid biodegradable film（FZS）

图4 普通生物降解膜（PT）与腐殖酸生物降解膜（FZS）覆盖处理的番茄差异表达基因的KEGG功能富集

Fig. 4 KEGG functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes in tomato covered with ordinary biodegradable film（PT）and humic acid biodegradable film（FZS）

图5 普通生物降解膜（PT）与腐殖酸生物降解膜（FZS）覆盖处理的番茄果实差异代谢物分析

Fig. 5 Analysis of differential metabolites in tomato fruits covered with ordinary biodegradable film（PT） and humic acid biodegradable film（FZS）

图6 普通生物降解膜（PT）和腐殖酸生物降解膜（FZS）覆盖处理的番茄果实差异代谢物聚类与KEGG富集

Fig.6 Clustering and KEGG enrichment of differential metabolites in tomato fruits covered with ordinary biodegradable film（PT） and humic acid biodegradable film（FZS）

图7 普通生物降解膜（PT）和腐殖酸生物降解膜（FZS）覆盖处理的番茄转录—代谢差异物共同映射通路

Fig. 7 Common mapping pathways of transcription metabolism poor foreign bodies in tomato covered with ordinary biodegradable film（PT）and humic acid biodegradable film（FZS）

图8 普通生物降解膜（PT）和腐殖酸生物降解膜（FZS）覆盖处理的番茄转录—代谢差异物主要共同映射通路

Fig. 8 Main common mapping pathways of transcription metabolism poor foreign bodies in tomato covered with ordinary biodegradable film（PT）and humic acid biodegradable film（FZS）

图9 普通生物降解膜（PT）和腐殖酸生物降解膜（FZS）覆盖处理的番茄相关基因表达水平的qRT-PCR验证

Fig. 9 qRT-PCR verification of tomato related gene expression levels covered with ordinary biodegradable film（PT） and humic acid biodegradable film（FZS）

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腐殖酸生物降解地膜提高番茄品质的转录代谢机制研究

Transcription Metabolic Mechanism of Humic Acid Biodegradable Plastic Film to Improving the Fruit Quality of Tomato in the Greenhouse

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腐殖酸生物降解地膜提高番茄品质的转录代谢机制研究

Transcription Metabolic Mechanism of Humic Acid Biodegradable Plastic Film to Improving the Fruit Quality of Tomato in the Greenhouse

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