富氢水在植物生长发育及逆境胁迫响应中的作用研究进展

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0435

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

富氢水（hydrogen-rich water）是指在常温一个大气压下氢气（H₂）饱和浓度为0.0016%的水，可作为一种安全、绿色、环保的新型植物生长调节剂，在农业生产中展现出广阔的应用前景。近期研究发现，富氢水可以调节植物激素合成和信号传递，从而影响植物的生长发育；也可以有效清除活性氧，发挥抗氧化作用，进而减轻植物的逆境胁迫损伤；并且有助于果蔬和鲜切花的品质保鲜，延长采后货架期。本文系统地分析了富氢水在促进植物生长发育、缓解植物逆境胁迫损伤、延长采后货架期等3个方面的最新研究进展，并深入讨论了富氢水在园艺植物生产上的应用现状及趋势。提出在未来富氢水的研究中，需结合植物生理学、分子生物学、遗传学等多学科手段，解析其作用的分子机制，以期为更好地开展氢农业实践提供理论依据。

关键词: 富氢水, 园艺植物, 生长发育, 逆境胁迫, 采后

Abstract:

Hydrogen-rich water（HRW）refers to water with a saturation concentration of hydrogen（H₂）of 0.0016% at room temperature and one atmosphere of pressure. It has good reducibility and can be used as a safe，green and environmentally friendly new plant growth regulator，suggesting broad application prospects in agriculture. Recent studies have found that HRW can regulate plant hormone synthesis and signal transmission，thus affecting plant growth and development. It can also effectively remove reactive oxygen species（ROS）and exert antioxidant effect，reducing plant damage in the conditions of external environment stresses. Moreover，HRW helps to preserve the postharvesting quality of fruits，vegetables and flowers，and extends the shelf life of plants. In this work，the latest research progress of HRW in promoting plant growth and development，alleviating plant stress and prolonging shelf life of plants were systematically analyzed. Subsequently，the application status and trend of HRW in horticultural plant production were discussed. Finally，it was proposed to investigate the molecular mechanism of HRW on plants by integrating plant physiology，molecular biology，genetics methods in the future. In all，this work provides important theoretical reference for application of HRW in horticultural production，and feasible suggestions are proposed for future agricultural practice of using HRW.

Key words: hydrogen-rich water, horticulture plant, growth and development, abiotic stress, postharvest

李雅晨, 郑艳梅, 宋雯佩, 李大卫, 梁红, 张宪智. 富氢水在植物生长发育及逆境胁迫响应中的作用研究进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2024, 51(7): 1489-1500.

LI Yachen, ZHENG Yanmei, SONG Wenpei, LI Dawei, LIANG Hong, ZHANG Xianzhi. Research Progress on the Role of Hydrogen-Rich Water in Plant Growth and Development and Stress Response[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2024, 51(7): 1489-1500.

图/表 5

表1 富氢水在园艺植物生产上的主要作用

Table 1 Main roles of Hydrogen-rich water（HRW）in the production of horticultural plants

主要作用 Main function	描述 Description
调节激素合成和信号转导 Regulating hormone synthesis and signal transduction	促进植物的生长发育 Affects plant growth and development
抗氧化作用 Antioxidation	清除活性氧，减轻逆境胁迫 Eliminate reactive oxygen species and alleviate stress
延缓衰老过程 Delaying the aging process	保持植物的新鲜度和品质，延长货架期 Maintain the freshness and quality，and extend shelf life of plants

图1 富氢水（HRW）促进植物生长发育的作用

Fig. 1 Roles of Hydrogen-rich water（HRW）in promoting plant growth and development Hancock & Russell，2021.

图2 富氢水（HRW）缓解植物逆境胁迫损伤的作用

Fig. 2 Roles of HRW in alleviating abiotic stresses of plants Cui et al.，2020；Ma et al.，2021.

图3 富氢水（HRW）延缓果蔬和切花采后保鲜期的作用

Fig. 3 Roles of HRW on extending postharvest shelf-life of plants Wang et al.，2020a；Sun et al.，2023.

图4 富氢水（HRW）调控植物生理过程示意图

Fig. 4 Schematic diagram of HRW regulating plant physiological processes

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