中国蔬菜栽培科技60年回顾与展望

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2022-0858

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

就60年来中国蔬菜栽培相关科技发展和产业应用情况,从蔬菜设施栽培与环境调控技术、无土栽培与植物工厂技术、育苗与嫁接技术、蔬菜生长发育与抗逆调控技术、土壤保育与资源高效利用技术、有害生物和连作障碍防控技术、蔬菜品质与安全调控技术、蔬菜机械化与智能化生产技术等方面,总结了取得的主要科技成就。并在分析中国蔬菜栽培突出问题的基础上,探讨了今后中国蔬菜栽培产业和科研的发展对策。

关键词: 蔬菜, 栽培模式, 生长发育, 抗逆, 环境调控, 高产优质, 提质增效, 绿色发展, 智能化, 研究进展

Abstract:

This article focuses on the development and industrial application of vegetable cultivation technologies in China over the past 60 years. The main scientific and technological achievements made in the past 60 years are summarized in terms of facility vegetable production and environmental control technology,soilless cultivation and plant factory technology,seedling nursing and grafting technology,vegetable growth,development and stress tolerance regulation technology,soil maintenance and resource efficient utilization technology,pest and continuous cropping soil sickness prevention and improvement technology,vegetable quality and safety control technology,vegetable mechanized and intelligent production technology. On the basis of the prominent problems analysis of vegetable cultivation in China,the countermeasures and prospect for the future development of vegetable cultivation industry and scientific research in China are also discussed.

Key words: vegetable, cultivation method, growth and development, stress tolerance, environmental regulation, high yield and high quality, quality and efficiency improvement, green and safety promotion, intelligent planting, research progress

中图分类号:

周杰, 师恺, 夏晓剑, 周艳虹, 喻景权. 中国蔬菜栽培科技60年回顾与展望[J]. 园艺学报, 2022, 49(10): 2131-2142.

ZHOU Jie, SHI Kai, XIA Xiaojian, ZHOU Yanhong, and YU Jingquan. Vegetable Cultivation Technology in China:A Sixty-year Review and Prospect[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(10): 2131-2142.

图/表 3

图1 中国不同省市区蔬菜播种面积和单位产量情况

Fig. 1 The sown area and per unit area yield of vegetables in different provinces of China

图2 主要栽培方式、环境控制水平及其栽培蔬菜种类

Fig. 2 Vegetable cultivation methods,environmental control level and cultivated varieties

图3 近20年番茄生物学研究论文发表数量和单产变化国际和中国番茄生物学研究论文数量检索自Web of Science,中国和荷兰番茄单产数据来源于FAO。

Fig. 3 Changes in the number of tomato biology research papers and tomato yield per unit area in recent 20 years The number of international and Chinese research papers on tomato biology was retrieved from Web of Science. Data on tomato yield per unit area in China and the Netherlands come from FAO.

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