紫薇属与黄薇属植物花瓣类黄酮组成及含量分析

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2021-0408

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确紫薇属（Lagerstroemia）和黄薇属（Heimia）的花色成分,探讨属间远缘杂交获得黄色花紫薇的可能性,以8个紫薇属种和品种与2种黄薇属植物的花瓣为材料,利用英国皇家园艺学会比色卡测量花色表型参数,采用超高效液相色谱—电喷雾电离—串联质谱（UPLC-ESI-MS/MS）技术对花瓣中类黄酮代谢物进行了定性和定量分析。8个紫薇属种和品种的花色分为红色、紫色与白色3个色系,共检测到158种类黄酮代谢物;2种黄薇属植物花色均为黄色系,共检测到138种类黄酮代谢物。黄薇属花瓣中芹菜素-4-O-鼠李糖苷、芹菜素-O-葡萄糖-O-鼠李糖、木犀草素、木犀草素-7-O-芸香糖苷（黄酮类）、山奈酚-3-O-葡萄糖苷-7-O-鼠李糖苷、山奈酚-3-O-洋槐糖苷、山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、山奈酚-3-O-葡萄糖苷、山奈酚-7-O-葡萄糖苷（黄酮醇类）的相对含量远高于紫薇属,推测是黄薇属植物花瓣呈黄色的主要色素。而紫薇属花瓣中共有的相对含量较低的类黄酮代谢物有32种,其红色系和紫色系花瓣中主要呈色色素为花青素苷,白色系花瓣中黄酮与黄酮醇类代谢物主要以木犀草素与槲皮素为苷元。类黄酮代谢途径的中间产物或最终物质积累量不同,是导致紫薇属与黄薇属植物花色差异的主要原因。

关键词: 紫薇属, 黄薇属, 花色, 类黄酮, UPLC-ESI-MS/MS

Abstract:

In order to clarify the pigment composition of Lagerstroemia and Heimia,and to explore the feasibility of obtaining Lagerstroemia cultivar with yellow petals by distant hybridization,petal colors of eight Lagerstroemia species and cultivars and two Heimia species were used in this research. The Royal Horticultural Society Color Chart（R.H.S.C.C.）was used for the measurement of the phenotype parameters. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS method was used for profiling the flavonoids in petals of ten samples. The results showed that the petal color of Lagerstroemia can be divided into three color groups,including red,violet and white,and a total of 158 flavonoids were detected. The petal color of two Heimia species was yellow,and a total of 138 flavonoids were detected. Compared with Heimia,there were 32 metabolites with low content in the petals of Lagerstroemia. Among them,the relative content of apigenin-4-O-rhamnoside,apigenin-O- glucoside-O-rhamnoside,luteolin,luteolin-7-O-rutinoside,kaempferol-3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside,kaempferol-3-O-robinobioside,kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside,kaempferol-3-O-glucoside and kaempferol-7- O-glucoside in the petals of Heimia were much higher than that of Lagerstroemia,which were speculated to be the mainly metabolites in the yellow petals of Heimia. In Lagerstroemia,the main flavonoids metabolites of the violet and red group are anthocyanins,and the flavones and flavonolss in the white petals were mainly luteolin and quercetin. The difference in petal color was caused by the difference of intermediate products or final products accumulation in the flavonoid metabolism pathway between Lagerstroemia and Heimia.

Key words: Lagerstroemia, Heimia, petal color, flavonoids, UPLC-ESI-MS/MS

中图分类号:

S685.99

林启芳, 刘婷婷, 刘洁茹, 蔡明, 程堂仁, 王佳, 张启翔, 潘会堂. 紫薇属与黄薇属植物花瓣类黄酮组成及含量分析[J]. 园艺学报, 2021, 48(10): 1956-1968.

LIN Qifang, LIU Tingting, LIU Jieru, CAI Ming, CHENG Tangren, WANG Jia, ZHANG Qixiang, PAN Huitang. Flavonoids Composition and Content in Petals of Lagerstroemia and Heimia Species and Cultivars[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(10): 1956-1968.

图/表 7

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材料Material				比色卡代码 R.H.S.C.C code	色系 Color group
属Genus	种Species	品种Variety	编号ID	比色卡代码 R.H.S.C.C code	色系 Color group
紫薇属Lagerstroemia	屋久岛紫薇 L. fauriei		WJD	White NN155D	白White
	紫薇L. indica	Sarah Favorit	M7	White NN155D	白White
		Dallas Red	M5	Red 45B	红Red
		千层绯雪Qianceng Feixue	QC	Red 54B	红Red
		William Toovey	M20	Red 51A	红Red
		Centennial Spirit	M19	Greyed-purple 187D	紫Violet
		Catawba	M11	Purple-violet N81A	紫Violet
		Apalachee	M55	Violet 84A	紫Violet
黄薇属Heimia	柳叶黄薇H. salicifolia		Hs	Yellow-orange 14A	黄Yellow
黄薇属Heimia	黄薇 H. myrtifolia		Hm	Yellow-orange 14A	黄Yellow

材料Material				比色卡代码 R.H.S.C.C code	色系 Color group
属Genus	种Species	品种Variety	编号ID	比色卡代码 R.H.S.C.C code	色系 Color group
紫薇属Lagerstroemia	屋久岛紫薇 L. fauriei		WJD	White NN155D	白White
	紫薇L. indica	Sarah Favorit	M7	White NN155D	白White
		Dallas Red	M5	Red 45B	红Red
		千层绯雪Qianceng Feixue	QC	Red 54B	红Red
		William Toovey	M20	Red 51A	红Red
		Centennial Spirit	M19	Greyed-purple 187D	紫Violet
		Catawba	M11	Purple-violet N81A	紫Violet
		Apalachee	M55	Violet 84A	紫Violet
黄薇属Heimia	柳叶黄薇H. salicifolia		Hs	Yellow-orange 14A	黄Yellow
黄薇属Heimia	黄薇 H. myrtifolia		Hm	Yellow-orange 14A	黄Yellow

二级分类 Secondary classification	物质 Compounds	前体离子/D Q1	相对分子质量/D Molecular weight	分子式 Formula
二氢黄酮类 Dihydroflavone	圣草次苷 Eriocitrin	595.17	596.146	C₂₇H₃₂O₁₅
	圣草酚 Eriodictyol	287.06	288.053	C₁₅H₁₂O₆
	芸香柚皮苷 Narirutin	581.18	580.152	C₂₇H₃₂O₁₄
	黄杞苷 Engeletin	433.12	434.102	C₂₁H₂₂O₁₀
	落新妇苷 Astilbin	449.10	450.096	C₂₁H₂₂O₁₁
	紫杉叶素 Taxifolin	303.06	304.047	C₁₅H₁₂O₇
黄酮类 Flavone	3′,4′,7-三羟基黄酮 3′,4′,7-Trihydroxyflavone	271.06	270.044	C₁₅H₁₀O₅
	5,6-二羟基-7,4′-二甲氧基黄酮 Ladanein	315.08	314.067	C₁₇H₁₄O₆
	高车前素 Hispidulin	301.07	300.053	C₁₆H₁₂O₆
	木犀草素 Luteolin	287.05	286.038	C₁₅H₁₀O₆
	木犀草素-7-O-芸香糖苷 Luteolin-7-O-rutinoside	595.16	594.132	C₂₇H₃₀O₁₅
	芹菜素 Apigenin	271.06	270.044	C₁₅H₁₀O₅
	芹菜素-4-O-鼠李糖苷Apigenin-4-O-rhamnoside	415.10	416.093	C₂₁H₂₀O₉
	芹菜素-7-O-葡萄糖苷Apigenin-7-O-glucoside	431.10	432.088	C₂₁H₂₀O₁₀
	芹菜素-7-O-(6-O-丙二酰基葡萄糖苷) Apigenin-7-O-(6-O-Malonyl Glucoside)	519.11	518.085	C₂₄H₂₂O₁₃
	芹菜素-7-O-(6′-O-乙酰基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷 Apigenin-7-O-(6′-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucoside	475.12	474.096	C₂₃H₂₂O₁₁
	芹菜素-O-葡萄糖-O-鼠李糖 Apigenin-O-Glucoside-O-rhamnoside	579.16	578.163	C₂₇H₃₀O₁₄
	香叶木素 Diosmetin	299.06	300.053	C₁₆H₁₂O₆
	香叶木素-7-O-半乳糖苷 Diosmetin-7-O-galactoside	463.12	462.096	C₂₂H₂₂O₁₁
	新奥司明 Neodiosmin	609.18	608.146	C₂₈H₃₂O₁₅
	异野漆树苷 Apigenin 7-rutinoside（Isorhoifolin）	579.16	578.137	C₂₇H₃₀O₁₄
黄酮醇类 Flavonols	3,7-氧-基槲皮素 Di-O-methylquercetin	329.10	330.061	C₁₇H₁₄O₇
	番泻叶山奈苷 Kaempferin	431.00	432.088	C₂₁H₂₀O₁₀
	山奈酚-3-O-洋槐糖苷 Kaempferol-3-O-robinobioside	593.16	594.132	C₂₇H₃₀O₁₅
	山奈酚-7-O-葡萄糖苷Kaempferol-7-O-glucosdie	447.09	448.082	C₂₁H₂₀O₁₁
	山奈酚-3-O-葡萄糖苷-7-O-鼠李糖苷 Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside	595.16	594.132	C₂₇H₃₀O₁₅
	烟花苷（山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷） Nicotiflorin（Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside）	593.16	594.132	C₂₇H₃₀O₁₅
	紫云英苷（山奈酚-3-O-葡萄糖苷） Astragalin（Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside）	447.10	448.082	C₂₁H₂₀O₁₁
黄烷醇类 Flavanols	(-)-表儿茶素没食子酸酯 (-)-Epicatechin gallate	441.30	442.073	C₂₂H₁₈O₁₀
	(-)-儿茶素没食子酸酯 (-)-Catechin gallate	441.30	442.073	C₂₂H₁₈O₁₀
	儿茶素 Catechin	289.08	290.067	C₁₅H₁₄O₆
异黄酮类 Isoflavones	红车轴草素 Pratensein	301.07	300.053	C₁₆H₁₂O₆

二级分类 Secondary classification	物质 Compounds	前体离子/D Q1	相对分子质量/D Molecular weight	分子式 Formula
二氢黄酮类 Dihydroflavone	圣草次苷 Eriocitrin	595.17	596.146	C₂₇H₃₂O₁₅
	圣草酚 Eriodictyol	287.06	288.053	C₁₅H₁₂O₆
	芸香柚皮苷 Narirutin	581.18	580.152	C₂₇H₃₂O₁₄
	黄杞苷 Engeletin	433.12	434.102	C₂₁H₂₂O₁₀
	落新妇苷 Astilbin	449.10	450.096	C₂₁H₂₂O₁₁
	紫杉叶素 Taxifolin	303.06	304.047	C₁₅H₁₂O₇
黄酮类 Flavone	3′,4′,7-三羟基黄酮 3′,4′,7-Trihydroxyflavone	271.06	270.044	C₁₅H₁₀O₅
	5,6-二羟基-7,4′-二甲氧基黄酮 Ladanein	315.08	314.067	C₁₇H₁₄O₆
	高车前素 Hispidulin	301.07	300.053	C₁₆H₁₂O₆
	木犀草素 Luteolin	287.05	286.038	C₁₅H₁₀O₆
	木犀草素-7-O-芸香糖苷 Luteolin-7-O-rutinoside	595.16	594.132	C₂₇H₃₀O₁₅
	芹菜素 Apigenin	271.06	270.044	C₁₅H₁₀O₅
	芹菜素-4-O-鼠李糖苷Apigenin-4-O-rhamnoside	415.10	416.093	C₂₁H₂₀O₉
	芹菜素-7-O-葡萄糖苷Apigenin-7-O-glucoside	431.10	432.088	C₂₁H₂₀O₁₀
	芹菜素-7-O-(6-O-丙二酰基葡萄糖苷) Apigenin-7-O-(6-O-Malonyl Glucoside)	519.11	518.085	C₂₄H₂₂O₁₃
	芹菜素-7-O-(6′-O-乙酰基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷 Apigenin-7-O-(6′-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucoside	475.12	474.096	C₂₃H₂₂O₁₁
	芹菜素-O-葡萄糖-O-鼠李糖 Apigenin-O-Glucoside-O-rhamnoside	579.16	578.163	C₂₇H₃₀O₁₄
	香叶木素 Diosmetin	299.06	300.053	C₁₆H₁₂O₆
	香叶木素-7-O-半乳糖苷 Diosmetin-7-O-galactoside	463.12	462.096	C₂₂H₂₂O₁₁
	新奥司明 Neodiosmin	609.18	608.146	C₂₈H₃₂O₁₅
	异野漆树苷 Apigenin 7-rutinoside（Isorhoifolin）	579.16	578.137	C₂₇H₃₀O₁₄
黄酮醇类 Flavonols	3,7-氧-基槲皮素 Di-O-methylquercetin	329.10	330.061	C₁₇H₁₄O₇
	番泻叶山奈苷 Kaempferin	431.00	432.088	C₂₁H₂₀O₁₀
	山奈酚-3-O-洋槐糖苷 Kaempferol-3-O-robinobioside	593.16	594.132	C₂₇H₃₀O₁₅
	山奈酚-7-O-葡萄糖苷Kaempferol-7-O-glucosdie	447.09	448.082	C₂₁H₂₀O₁₁
	山奈酚-3-O-葡萄糖苷-7-O-鼠李糖苷 Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside	595.16	594.132	C₂₇H₃₀O₁₅
	烟花苷（山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷） Nicotiflorin（Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside）	593.16	594.132	C₂₇H₃₀O₁₅
	紫云英苷（山奈酚-3-O-葡萄糖苷） Astragalin（Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside）	447.10	448.082	C₂₁H₂₀O₁₁
黄烷醇类 Flavanols	(-)-表儿茶素没食子酸酯 (-)-Epicatechin gallate	441.30	442.073	C₂₂H₁₈O₁₀
	(-)-儿茶素没食子酸酯 (-)-Catechin gallate	441.30	442.073	C₂₂H₁₈O₁₀
	儿茶素 Catechin	289.08	290.067	C₁₅H₁₄O₆
异黄酮类 Isoflavones	红车轴草素 Pratensein	301.07	300.053	C₁₆H₁₂O₆