不同种类和树龄柑橘园土壤和叶片微量元素含量与丰缺评价

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-1006

园艺学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (12): 2325-2335.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-1006

• 研究论文 • 下一篇

不同种类和树龄柑橘园土壤和叶片微量元素含量与丰缺评价

胡伟芳¹, 何兆桓¹, 钟广炎², 钟云², 张木¹, 曾继吾², 曾鑫年³, 彭埃天⁴, 张宝鑫⁴, 赖多², 李国良¹^,^*()

¹广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,广州 510640
²广东省农业科学院果树研究所,广州 510640
³华南农业大学植物保护学院,广州 510642
⁴广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,广州 510640

收稿日期:2021-05-10 修回日期:2021-10-31 发布日期:2022-01-04
通讯作者: 李国良 E-mail:guoliang8006@sina.com.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0202000);广东省省级农业科技创新及推广项目(2019KJ108);广东省省级农业科技创新及推广项目(2020KJ108);广东省省级农业科技创新及推广项目(2021KJ108)

Evaluation of the Abundance or Deficiency of Micronutrient in Soil and Leaves of Different Kinds of Citrus Orchards and Tree Ages

HU Weifang¹, HE Zhaohuan¹, ZHONG Guangyan², ZHONG Yun², ZHANG Mu¹, ZENG Jiwu², ZENG Xinnian³, PENG Aitian⁴, ZHANG Baoxin⁴, LAI Duo², LI Guoliang¹^,^*()

¹Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China
²Institute of Fruit Tree Research,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China
³College of Plant Protection,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China
⁴Plant Protection Research Institutes,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China

Received:2021-05-10 Revised:2021-10-31 Published:2022-01-04
Contact: LI Guoliang E-mail:guoliang8006@sina.com.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

测定广东省代表性不同种类柑橘果园243个采样单元的叶片和土壤有效微量元素含量,叶片Cu和Mo含量与土壤有效Mn、Cu、Zn、B含量差异较大,而叶片B和土壤有效Mo含量较平均。橙、宽皮柑橘和柚果园的叶片B和土壤有效Mo适量比例（> 60%）、叶片Mo和土壤有效B缺乏比例（> 50%）较高。橙果园所有的土壤有效B和Mn含量、大部分的叶片Zn（77.8%）、土壤有效Cu（50.0%）和有效Zn（55.6%）缺乏。柚果园土壤有效Zn和叶片Cu、橙果园和宽皮柑橘园的土壤有效Cu和Fe以过量为主。不同树龄的叶片和土壤有效Fe、Mn和Mo含量的等级分布比例相似。短龄树（3 ~ 8年生）和长龄树（> 8年生）的土壤有效Cu过量比例（> 60%）高于幼龄树（< 3年生,48%）。宽皮柑橘园叶片与土壤有效Fe、Mn、Cu和B,柚果园叶片与土壤有效Fe和Cu均呈极显著正相关;柚果园叶片与土壤有效Fe、Mn和Cu的拟合度高于宽皮柑橘园和橙果园。长龄树和短龄树叶片与土壤有效Mn、Cu和B,短龄树叶片与土壤有效Zn均呈显著正相关。叶片与土壤有效Fe的拟合度大小为：幼龄树 > 短龄树 > 长龄树。典型性相关分析结果显示,宽皮柑橘和柚果园叶片Cu含量、长龄树叶片B与Fe、短龄树叶片Mo与Mn能较好地判断不同种类和树龄柑橘园整体微量元素丰缺状况;宽皮柑橘园和短龄树的土壤有效Zn与B、柚果园土壤有效Cu、长龄树土壤有效B与Fe是影响不同种类和树龄柑橘树体微量元素的主要因素,在柑橘园培肥管理时应予以重点关注。

关键词: 柑橘, 果园, 微量元素, 养分诊断, 叶片, 土壤

Abstract:

The collected leaves and soil samples from 243 sampling units in representative orchards of Guangdong Province and determined their micronutrient concentrations. There was a relatively high significant difference in leaves Cu and Mo as well as soil available Mn,Cu,Zn,and B contents,while similar contents were found in leaves B and soil available Mo. Most of the leaves B and soil available Mo were in the optimum ranges（> 60%）,while most of the leaves Mo and soil available B were in the deficiency level（> 50%）in orange,grapefruit,and mandarin orchards. In orange orchards,all soil available B and Mn,as well as most of leaves Zn（77.8%）,soil available Cu（50.0%）,and Zn（55.6%）were in the deficiency level. The soil available Zn and leaves Cu in grapefruit orchards,and soil available Cu and Fe in orange and mandarin orchards were in the excess level. The distribution proportion of micronutrients in leaves and soil available Fe,Mn,and Mo of different tree ages were similar. The excess percentage of soil available Cu in short-age（3-8 years old）and old trees（> 8 years old）（> 60%）was higher than that of young trees（< 3 years old）（48%）. There were significant positive correlations between leaves and soil available Fe,Mn,Cu,and B in mandarin orchards,as well as between leaves and soil available Fe and Cu in grapefruit orchards. Fitting indicators of leaves and soil available Fe,Mn,and Cu in grapefruit orchards were higher than that of orange and mandarin orchards. There was a significant positive correlation between leaves and soil available Mn,Cu,and B in both old and short-age trees,and between leaves and soil available Zn in short-age trees. The fitting indicators between leaves and soil available Fe of different tree ages were as follows: young trees > short-age trees > old trees. Canonical correlation analysis results show that leaves Cu in mandarin and grapefruit orchards,leaves B and Fe in old trees,and leaves Mo and Mn in short-age trees could be used to diagnose the abundance or deficiency of micronutrient in different species and ages of citrus orchards. Soil available Zn and B in mandarin orchards and short-age trees,soil available Cu in grapefruit orchards,and soil available B and Fe in old trees were the key factors affecting the tree micronutrient among different species and ages of citrus orchards,which should be paid more attention in the management of citrus orchard fertilization.

Key words: citrus, orchard, micronutrient, nutrient diagnosis, leaf, soil

中图分类号:

S666

胡伟芳, 何兆桓, 钟广炎, 钟云, 张木, 曾继吾, 曾鑫年, 彭埃天, 张宝鑫, 赖多, 李国良. 不同种类和树龄柑橘园土壤和叶片微量元素含量与丰缺评价[J]. 园艺学报, 2021, 48(12): 2325-2335.

HU Weifang, HE Zhaohuan, ZHONG Guangyan, ZHONG Yun, ZHANG Mu, ZENG Jiwu, ZENG Xinnian, PENG Aitian, ZHANG Baoxin, LAI Duo, LI Guoliang. Evaluation of the Abundance or Deficiency of Micronutrient in Soil and Leaves of Different Kinds of Citrus Orchards and Tree Ages[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(12): 2325-2335.

图/表 8

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样品 Sample	微量元素 Micronutrient	缺乏 Deficiency	适量 Optimum	过量 Excess
叶片 Leaf	Fe	< 60.00	60.00 ~ 120.00	> 120.00
	Mn	< 25.00	25.00 ~ 100.00	> 100.00
	Cu	< 5.00	5.00 ~ 16.00	> 16.00
	Zn	< 25.00	25.00 ~ 100.00	> 100.00
	B	< 35.00	35.00 ~ 100.00	> 100.00
	Mo	< 0.09	0.09 ~ 2.00	> 2.00
土壤 Soil	Fe	< 10.00	10.00 ~ 20.00	> 20.00
	Mn	< 5.00	5.00 ~ 20.00	> 20.00
	Cu	< 0.50	0.50 ~ 1.00	> 1.00
	Zn	< 1.00	1.00 ~ 5.00	> 5.00
	B	< 0.50	0.50 ~ 1.00	> 1.00
	Mo	< 0.05	0.05 ~ 0.20	> 0.20

样品 Sample	微量元素 Micronutrient	缺乏 Deficiency	适量 Optimum	过量 Excess
叶片 Leaf	Fe	< 60.00	60.00 ~ 120.00	> 120.00
	Mn	< 25.00	25.00 ~ 100.00	> 100.00
	Cu	< 5.00	5.00 ~ 16.00	> 16.00
	Zn	< 25.00	25.00 ~ 100.00	> 100.00
	B	< 35.00	35.00 ~ 100.00	> 100.00
	Mo	< 0.09	0.09 ~ 2.00	> 2.00
土壤 Soil	Fe	< 10.00	10.00 ~ 20.00	> 20.00
	Mn	< 5.00	5.00 ~ 20.00	> 20.00
	Cu	< 0.50	0.50 ~ 1.00	> 1.00
	Zn	< 1.00	1.00 ~ 5.00	> 5.00
	B	< 0.50	0.50 ~ 1.00	> 1.00
	Mo	< 0.05	0.05 ~ 0.20	> 0.20

样品 Sample	元素 Element	橙果园 Orange orchard			柚果园 Grapefruit orchard			宽皮柑橘园 Mandarin orchard
样品 Sample	元素 Element	缺乏 Deficiency	适量 Optimum	过量 Excess	缺乏 Deficiency	适量 Optimum	过量 Excess	缺乏 Deficiency	适量 Optimum	过量 Excess
叶片 Leaf	Fe	0	72.2	27.8	39.1	30.4	30.4	12.8	45.5	41.6
	Mn	50.0	50.0	0	56.5	34.8	8.7	17.8	64.9	17.3
	Cu	0	61.1	38.9	13.0	30.4	56.5	46.5	35.2	18.3
	Zn	77.8	22.2	0	43.5	52.2	4.4	49.0	49.5	1.5
	B	0	94.4	5.6	4.4	60.9	34.8	5.5	66.8	27.7
	Mo	61.1	38.9	0	60.0	40.0	0.0	59.2	27.8	13.0
土壤 Soil	Fe	0	16.7	83.3	52.2	0	47.8	20.7	3.9	74.9
	Mn	100.0	0	0	43.5	39.1	17.4	36.5	47.3	15.8
	Cu	50.0	27.8	22.2	21.7	0	78.3	14.8	18.7	66.0
	Zn	55.6	44.4	0	21.7	26.1	52.2	15.3	54.2	30.1
	B	100.0	0	0	52.2	39.1	8.7	76.4	19.2	3.9
	Mo	27.8	61.1	11.1	0	100.0	0	3.0	82.3	14.8

样品 Sample	元素 Element	橙果园 Orange orchard			柚果园 Grapefruit orchard			宽皮柑橘园 Mandarin orchard
样品 Sample	元素 Element	缺乏 Deficiency	适量 Optimum	过量 Excess	缺乏 Deficiency	适量 Optimum	过量 Excess	缺乏 Deficiency	适量 Optimum	过量 Excess
叶片 Leaf	Fe	0	72.2	27.8	39.1	30.4	30.4	12.8	45.5	41.6
	Mn	50.0	50.0	0	56.5	34.8	8.7	17.8	64.9	17.3
	Cu	0	61.1	38.9	13.0	30.4	56.5	46.5	35.2	18.3
	Zn	77.8	22.2	0	43.5	52.2	4.4	49.0	49.5	1.5
	B	0	94.4	5.6	4.4	60.9	34.8	5.5	66.8	27.7
	Mo	61.1	38.9	0	60.0	40.0	0.0	59.2	27.8	13.0
土壤 Soil	Fe	0	16.7	83.3	52.2	0	47.8	20.7	3.9	74.9
	Mn	100.0	0	0	43.5	39.1	17.4	36.5	47.3	15.8
	Cu	50.0	27.8	22.2	21.7	0	78.3	14.8	18.7	66.0
	Zn	55.6	44.4	0	21.7	26.1	52.2	15.3	54.2	30.1
	B	100.0	0	0	52.2	39.1	8.7	76.4	19.2	3.9
	Mo	27.8	61.1	11.1	0	100.0	0	3.0	82.3	14.8

样品 Sample	元素 Element	幼龄树 Young tree			短龄树 Short-age tree			长龄树 Old tree
样品 Sample	元素 Element	缺乏 Deficiency	适量 Optimum	过量 Excess	缺乏 Deficiency	适量 Optimum	过量 Excess	缺乏 Deficiency	适量 Optimum	过量 Excess
叶片 Leaf	Fe	12.0	44.0	44.0	16.1	41.9	41.9	11.1	57.1	31.7
	Mn	16.0	72.0	12.0	21.3	63.2	15.5	33.3	50.8	15.9
	Cu	32.0	36.0	32.0	39.4	38.7	21.9	44.4	31.7	23.8
	Zn	56.0	40.0	4.0	52.9	45.8	1.3	42.9	55.6	1.6
	B	0	76.0	24.0	4.5	71.0	24.5	7.9	58.7	33.3
	Mo	63.6	31.8	4.5	60.8	26.7	12.5	54.0	32.0	14.0
土壤 Soil	Fe	28.0	0	72.0	20.6	4.5	74.8	23.8	6.3	69.8
	Mn	52.0	40.0	8.0	40.6	41.9	17.4	41.3	47.6	11.1
	Cu	20.0	32.0	48.0	17.4	17.4	65.2	19.0	12.7	68.3
	Zn	20.0	56.0	24.0	19.4	55.5	25.2	17.5	38.1	44.4
	B	88.0	12.0	0	79.4	17.4	3.2	63.5	28.6	7.9
	Mo	0	95.5	4.5	5.8	78.3	15.8	6.0	86.0	8.0

不同种类和树龄柑橘园土壤和叶片微量元素含量与丰缺评价

Evaluation of the Abundance or Deficiency of Micronutrient in Soil and Leaves of Different Kinds of Citrus Orchards and Tree Ages

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不同种类和树龄柑橘园土壤和叶片微量元素含量与丰缺评价

Evaluation of the Abundance or Deficiency of Micronutrient in Soil and Leaves of Different Kinds of Citrus Orchards and Tree Ages

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