植物表皮毛发育研究进展

doi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2020-0407

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物表皮毛是由表皮细胞发育而来的特殊结构附属物,以不同的形态广泛存在于植物中,在植物防御生物和非生物胁迫中产生作用,其分泌物具有不可忽视的价值。基于此,调控表皮毛发育的基因从各种植物中得以克隆并进行了功能验证,特别是关于模式植物拟南芥表皮毛发育的相关基因,多为各种转录因子。结合多种植物表皮毛的发育特征,重点综述了表皮毛的生物学功能以及表皮毛发育相关的因素与调控基因。

关键词: 植物, 表皮毛, 发育, 激素, 生物学功能, 转录因子

Abstract:

Trichome is a specialized structure appendage developed from plant epidermal cells,and is widely present in plants in different forms. It plays an important role in plant defense against biotic and abiotic stress. In the meantime,its secretions,containing various secondary metabolites,have been exerting a considerable socio economic impact. The genes regulating the development of trichome have been cloned and functionally verified in various plants. Particular in Arabidopsis thaliana,regulatory genes which code mostly transcription factors related to development of trichome have been extensively studied. In the present paper,we attempt to intergrate the recent progress in the studies on developmental characteristics and biological function of trichome in various plants,and reviewed the factors and regulatory genes related to trichome development.

Key words: plant, trichome, development, hormone, biological functions, transcription factors

中图分类号:

刘晓梦, 唐宁, 陈泽雄, 罗成荣, 张威威, 许锋. 植物表皮毛发育研究进展[J]. 园艺学报, 2021, 48(4): 705-718.

LIU Xiaomeng, TANG Ning, CHEN Zexiong, LUO Chengrong, ZHANG Weiwei, XU Feng. Progress in Plant Trichome Development Research[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2021, 48(4): 705-718.

图/表 1

图1 拟南芥表皮毛发育调控模式正向调控:（1）JA可以通过JAZ蛋白调控TTG1-GL1- GL3/EGL3复合体中的GL1,介导表皮毛的生长发育;（2）GIS、GIS2和ZFP8均可整合GA和CK信号转导途径,其中GIS和ZFP8协同控制TTG1-GL1-GL3/EGL3复合体GL1的转录,GIS2进一步调控GL2的表达,最终促进表皮毛的发育。负向调控:（1）CPC、TRY、ETC1、ETC2、ETC3和TCL1均可争夺bHLH-WD40结合成R3 MYB-bHLH-WD40复合体,负调节邻近表皮细胞表皮毛的形成;miRNA156靶向调控SPL9基因,激活TRY和TCL1基因,进而负调控表皮毛的发育。（2）SA对毛状体的发生表现出负相关调控。箭头表示促进或是激活,“T”字表示抑制或是阻碍,虚线框中表示可能存在的调控方式。

Fig. 1 Regulation model of trichome development in Arabidopsis Positive regulation:(1) JA can regulate GL1 in TTG1-GL1- GL3/EGL3 complex through JAZ protein,and mediate the growth and development of trichome;GIS,GIS2 and ZFP8can integrate GA and CK signal transduction pathways,in which GIS and ZFP8 cooperatively control the transcription ofGL1 in TTG1-GL1- GL3/EGL3 complex,and GIS2further regulates the expression of GL2,which ultimately promotes the development of trichomes. Negative regulation:(1) CPC,TRY,ETC1,ETC2,ETC3 and TCL1 can compete for bHLH-WD40 to combine into R3 MYB-bHLH-WD40 transcription complex,which negatively regulates the formation of trichome in adjacent epidermal cells;The miRNA156 targets SPL9 gene,activates TRY and TCL1 genes,and then negatively regulates the development of trichome. (2) SA showed negative correlation regulation on the occurrence of trichomes.

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