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园艺学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 41-52.doi: 10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2019-0330

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

外源硅对PEG渗透胁迫下黄瓜种子萌发及相关基因表达的影响

金 宁,吕 剑*,郁继华*,颉建明,金 莉,张国斌,冯 致   

  1. 甘肃农业大学园艺学院,兰州 730070
  • 出版日期:2020-01-25 发布日期:2020-01-25
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31660584);甘肃省科技重大专项计划项目(17ZD2NA015);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-23-C-07);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(1610RJZA098);甘肃农业大学盛彤笙科技创新基金项目(GSAU-STS-1638)

Effect of Exogenous Silicon on Seed Germination and Expression of Related Genes in Cucumber under Osmotic Stress

JIN Ning,Lü Jian*,YU Jihua*,XIE Jianming,JIN Li,ZHANG Guobin,and FENG Zhi   

  1. College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Online:2020-01-25 Published:2020-01-25

摘要: 为探明硅缓解聚乙二醇(PEG)渗透胁迫抑制黄瓜种子萌发的调控机理,以‘新春4号’黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)种子为试材,PEG模拟干旱胁迫,以蒸馏水为对照,研究硅处理(0.5 mmol ? L-1 Si)、PEG处理(10% PEG)、PEG与硅共处理(PEG + Si)对黄瓜种子萌发、膜脂过氧化、渗透调节、抗氧化酶系统及碳水化合物代谢的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,10% PEG处理显著抑制黄瓜种子的萌发,其发芽势、发芽率、芽苗全长及鲜质量显著降低,丙二醛(MDA)和游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量显著升高,抗氧化酶活性升高,PEG + Si处理可显著缓解干旱胁迫对黄瓜种子萌发的抑制作用,发芽势、芽苗全长及鲜质量显著大于PEG处理,MDA及Pro的含量显著低于PEG处理,抗氧化酶活性显著提高;正常条件下,Si处理黄瓜种子的发芽势、发芽率、芽苗全长、鲜质量、MDA含量、Pro含量以及抗氧化酶活性与对照均无显著差异。与对照相比,在种子萌发0 ~ 48 h,10% PEG处理的淀粉含量高而可溶性糖含量低,同时降低了α–淀粉酶和β–淀粉酶活性,萌发36 h时,黄瓜种子α–淀粉酶(AMY)和β–淀粉酶(BMY)基因的表达水平显著下调;PEG + Si处理显著降低了淀粉含量,提高了可溶性糖含量、α–淀粉酶和β–淀粉酶活性,显著上调了AMY和BMY基因表达水平;Si处理淀粉含量、可溶性糖含量、α–淀粉酶和β–淀粉酶活性变化趋势与对照一致且无显著差异,显著上调了BMY的基因表达,对AMY无显著影响。可见,在干旱胁迫下,Si通过提高黄瓜种子抗氧化酶活性、淀粉水解酶活性、减少MDA积累量和上调AMY、BMY基因表达水平,缓解了干旱胁迫对种子的脂质过氧化损伤,提高了碳水化合物的转化速率,促进种子萌发。

关键词: 黄瓜, 硅, 渗透胁迫, 种子萌发, 抗氧化酶, 淀粉酶活性

Abstract: This experiment was conducted to determine the mechanism involved in silicon mitigation of osmotic stress in cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.‘Xinchun 4’)seed germination and seedling growth.Four treatments including distilled water(Control),silicon treatment(Si),PEG-6000 simulated drought stress(PEG)and PEG-6000 + Silicon(PEG + Si)were applied. The results showed that compared with the control,10% PEG treatment significantly inhibited germination,seedling vigor,seedling length and fresh weight. Moreover,the contents of malondialdehyde(MDA),free proline(Pro)content and the activities of antioxidant enzymes increased under the sole PEG treatment. However,PEG + Si treatment significantly alleviated the osmotic stress in the cucumber seedlings. The PEG + Si treatment enhanced germination,increased seedling vigor,seedling length and fresh weight. Moreover,the activities of antioxidant enzymes of shoots were significantly greater than those of PEG treatment whiles the contents of MDA and Pro were significantly lower compared to the PEG treatment. The effect of sole Si treatment on germination,seedling vigor,seedling length,fresh weight,MDA content,Pro content and antioxidant enzyme activities was not significantly different from the control treatment. During cucumber seed germination,PEG treatment increased starch content but decreased the content of soluble sugar by down-regulating the Amylase(AMY)and β-amylase(BMY)gene expression levels at 36 h. However,the PEG + Si treatment significantly reduced starch content,increased soluble sugar content,α-amylase activity and β-amylase activity,and significantly up-regulated the expression levels of AMY and BMY genes at 36 h after treatment. The changes in starch content,soluble sugar content,α-amylase activity and β-amylase activity in the Si treated seedlings was not statistically different from the control seedlings. However,Si treatment significantly up-regulated BMY gene expression but did not affect the expression of AMY. It can be concluded that Si might alleviate the lipid peroxidation damage of cucumber seeds and accelerate the conversion of carbohydrates under drought stress by increasing the antioxidant enzyme activities,starch hydrolase activity,reducing MDA accumulation,and up-regulating the AMY and BMY gene expression levels for promoting the germination of cucumber seeds.

Key words: cucumber, silicon, osmotic stress, seed germination, antioxidase activity, amylase activity

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