关键词: 葡萄, 无核, 胚败育, 生理生化因子, 灰色关联度

Abstract:

This study was to determine the major physiological and biochemical factors affecting embryo abortion in seedless grape. Two seedless grape varieties，‘Wuhe Cuibao’and‘Lihongbao’，and one seeded variety，‘Cabernet Sauvignon’（control），were used. Morphological index，physiological and biochemical change in pulp and ovule were observed and measured at various days after full bloom. Major parameters related to embryo abortion were determined using principal component analysis and grey correlation analysis. The results showed that the rate of ovule deformity reached the highest at 36 days after full bloom for‘Wuhe Cuibao’and at 32 days after full bloom for‘Lihongbao’，at those days the ovules began to abort. In the three grape varieties，the content of MDA in ovule and the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein in pulp increased with fruit development. In both seedless varieties，soluble sugar and protein in ovule reached the highest content during abortion，and then decreased. The activities of POD and CAT in seedless grapes first increased and then decreased. During abortion，ovule POD and CAT activities were significantly higher in the seedless varieties compared to the seeded variety，but the converse was also true for pulp POD and CAT activities. In the seedless varieties，the activity of SOD in ovule increased significantly before abortion; in the seeded variety，ovule SOD activity increased slowly with time. The analysis demonstrated that in seedless grape the major factors affecting embryo abortion are pulp soluble sugar and protein，ovule MDA，ovule soluble protein and ovule SOD. Among them，ovule SOD activity showed the best correlation with embryo abortion，followed by pulp soluble protein content and ovule number. This study could provide the theoretical guidance for determining sampling time in embryo-rescue breeding programs for seedless grape.

Key words: grape, seedless, embryo abortion, physiological and biochemical factors, grey correlation